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UrduRockville, Md. (June 1, 2022)—Research published ahead of print in the journal Function suggests that reduced activity in one area of the brain may play in role in how adults who experienced adverse childhood events (ACEs) have a greater risk…
Tag: Physiology
Blood Protein Levels and Birth Control Pills May Increase Blood Clot Risk in Female Astronauts
Article title: Albumin, oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism risk in astronauts Authors: Sara R. Zwart, Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor, Martina Heer, M. Mark Melin, Scott M. Smith From the authors: “We report here evidence of an association between oral contraceptive use…
Researchers Identify Potential Target for Treating Autoimmune Diseases
New research using a mouse model for multiple sclerosis has uncovered a potential new area to explore for possible treatments for autoimmune disorders.
Move Over, Gut Microbiota—Skin and Mouth Bacteria May Help Regulate Blood Pressure Too
New research in rats finds specific bacteria populations in the mouth and on the skin may be beneficial in blood pressure regulation. The first-of-its-kind study is published ahead of print in Physiological Genomics.
Reversal of Heart Enlargement Differs in the Sexes; Doesn’t Use Universal Signaling Pathways
Article title: Regression from pathological hypertrophy in mice is sexually dimorphic and stimulus-specific Authors: Deanna L. Muehleman, Claudia Crocini, Alison R. Swearingen, Christopher D. Ozeroff, Leslie A. Leinwand From the authors: “This work highlights that the reversal of pathological hypertrophy…
Sex Differences in Rat Heart Ventricle Function Aren’t Caused Only by Hormones
Article title: Female rats are less prone to clinical heart failure than male rats in a juvenile rat model of right ventricular pressure load Authors: Guido P.L. Bossers, Quint A.J. Hagdorn, Anne Marie C. Koop, Diederik E. van der Feen,…
Researchers Explore Manipulation of Proteins as Way to Leverage Changes in Extracellular Matrix
Article title: PDIA3/ERp57 promotes a matrix-rich secretome that stimulates fibroblast adhesion through CCN2 Authors: Andrew L. Hellewell, Kate J. Heesom, Mark A. Jepson, Josephine C. Adams From the authors: “Thus, manipulation of PDIA3 or other relevant resident proteins within the…
High Blood Insulin Levels Lead to More Nervous System Activity in Muscles
Article title: Role of the arterial baroreflex in the sympathetic response to hyperinsulinemia in adult humans Authors: Neil J. McMillan, Rogerio N. Soares, Jennifer L. Harper, Brian Shariffi, Alfonso Moreno-Cabañas, Timothy B. Curry, Camila Manrique-Acevedo, Jaume Padilla, Jacqueline K. Limberg…
Researchers ID Post-exercise Changes in MicroRNA as Potential Markers for Coronary Artery Disease
Article title: Associations between circulating microRNAs and coronary plaque characteristics: potential impact from physical exercise Authors: Maria Dalen Taraldsen, Rune Wiseth, Vibeke Videm, Anja Bye, Erik Madssen From the authors: “This exploratory study demonstrated six miRs associated with coronary necrotic…
Extracellular Vesicles in Lung Fluid May Point to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Severity
Article title: CD14-positive extracellular vesicles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a new biomarker of acute respiratory distress syndrome Authors: Rahul Y. Mahida, Joshua Price, Sebastian T. Lugg, Hui Li, Dhruv Parekh, Aaron Scott, Paul Harrison, Michael A. Matthay, David R.…
Study Explores Function and Characteristics of Enteric Nervous System Cells in Context of Injury
Article title: Adult enteric Dclk1-positive glial and neuronal cells reveal distinct responses to acute intestinal injury Authors: Moritz Middelhoff, Giovanni Valenti, Lorenzo Tomassoni, Yosuke Ochiai, Bryana Belin, Ryota Takahashi, Ermanno Malagola, Henrik Nienhüser, Michael Finlayson, Yoku Hayakawa, Leah B. Zamechek,…
Calorie Count More Important than Nutrient Composition in Development of Obesity-related Kidney Disease
Article title: High-calorie diet results in reversible obesity-related glomerulopathy in adult zebrafish regardless of dietary fat Authors: Evan M. Zeitler, J. Charles Jennette, Jennifer E. Flythe, Ronald J. Falk, John S. Poulton From the authors: “This work suggests that macronutrient…
Light Exposure Enhances Circadian Rhythm Protein, Protects against Bacterial Lung Injury in Mice
Article title: Intense light elicited alveolar type 2 specific circadian PER2 protects from bacterial lung injury via BPIFB1 Authors: Yoshimasa Oyama, Sydney R. Shuff, Nana Burns, Christine U. Vohwinkel, Tobias Eckle From the authors: “Our studies indicate that light-elicited [alveolar…
Unravelling the origins of the human spine
The spinal column is the central supporting structure of the skeleton in all vertebrates.
Wonder of Wonders, Miracle of Miracles: The Unprecedented Speed of COVID-19 Science
Article title: Wonder of Wonders, Miracle of Miracles: The Unprecedented Speed of COVID-19 Science Author: Michael Saag From the author: “Although a wide variety of scientific disciplines established the platform upon which the remarkable response to COVID-19 was based, the study…
Stress during Pregnancy May Lead to Heart Disease, Accelerated Aging in Next Generation
Prenatal stress can cause damage in the aorta in offspring, which may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and accelerate aging, according to a new study in mice. The article is published ahead of print in the American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology.
Multiple treatments to slow age-related muscle wasting
Everyone wants to stay fit and healthy as they grow old.
High Caffeine Consumption Disrupts Heart Rhythms in Middle-aged Rats
New research finds that excess caffeine is more likely to cause irregular heart rhythms in middle aged rats than in young adult rats. The study will be presented this week at the American Physiological Society annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2022 in Philadelphia.
A Prune—Or Six—a Day May Keep Inflammation at Bay
A study in postmenopausal people suggests eating nutrient-rich prunes every day may be beneficial to bone health, reducing inflammatory factors that contribute to osteoporosis. The research will be presented this week in Philadelphia at the American Physiological Society’s (APS) annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2022.
Antioxidant, Inflammation Levels May Reveal New Diagnostic Tool for Breast Cancer
A new study that analyzes levels of antioxidants and stress markers in the blood could lead to a new diagnostic tool for breast cancer. The research will be presented this week in Philadelphia at the American Physiological Society’s (APS) annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2022.
Blueberry Extract May Aid Wound Healing
Treating wounds with an extract taken from wild blueberries may improve healing, according to a new study. The research will be presented this week in Philadelphia at the American Physiological Society’s (APS) annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2022.
Researchers Explore How Urea Relates to Total Osmolality in ICU Patients
Research published ahead of print in the journal Function examines the concentration of urea in relation to the total level of osmolality (ratio of substances to fluids) in the blood of people hospitalized in intensive care (ICU). Increased osmolality in…
Scientists Study Changes in Kids’ Brains after Epilepsy Surgery
Article title: Spectral changes following resective epilepsy surgery and neurocognitive function in children with epilepsy Authors: Olivia N. Arski, Simeon Wong, Nebras M. Warsi, Daniel J. Martire, Ayako Ochi, Hiroshi Otsubo, Elizabeth Donner, Puneet Jain, Elizabeth N. Kerr, Mary Lou…
E-cigarette Exposure during Pregnancy Changes Autophagy Signaling, Leads to Brain Defects in Rats
Article title: Fetal e-cigarette exposure programs a neonatal brain hypoxic-ischemic sensitive phenotype via altering DNA methylation patterns and autophagy signaling pathway Authors: Andrew Walayat, Yong Li, Yanyan Zhang, Yingjie Fu, Bailin Liu, Xuesi M. Shao, Lubo Zhang, Daliao Xiao From…
Single-cell RNA Sequencing IDs Cell Clusters, Genes, Pathways in Pancreas
Article title: Single-cell analyses of human pancreas: characteristics of two populations of acinar cells in chronic pancreatitis Authors: Brandon M. Blobner, Jami L. Saloman, Celeste A. Shelton Ohlsen, Randall Brand, Robert Lafyatis, Rita Bottino, Martin Wijkstrom, Amer H. Zureikat, Kenneth…
Metabolic Syndrome during Pregnancy Leads to Abnormal Development of Fat Tissue in Mouse Offspring
Article title: Accelerated developmental adipogenesis programs adipose tissue dysfunction and cardiometabolic risk in offspring born to dams with metabolic dysfunction Authors: Anna Mikolajczak, Nada A. Sallam, Radha D. Singh, Taylor B. Scheidl, Emma J. Walsh, Sebastian Larion, Carol Huang, Jennifer…
Study Is First to Examine Fibrocyte Levels in People Hospitalized with COVID-19 Pneumonia
Article title: Blood fibrocytes are associated with severity and prognosis in COVID-19 pneumonia Authors: Mada Ghanem, Méline Homps-Legrand, Marc Garnier, Lise Morer, Tiphaine Goletto, Justine Frija-Masson, Paul-Henri Wicky, Pierre Jaquet, Catherine Bancal, Margarita Hurtado-Nedelec, Luc de Chaisemartin, Madeleine Jaillet, Arnaud…
Exercise May Correct Leakage of Blood-brain Barrier Caused by High Blood Pressure
Article title: Transcytosis within PVN capillaries: a mechanism determining both hypertension-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction and exercise-induced correction Authors: Matheus Garcia Fragas, Vanessa Brito Cândido, Gustavo Gastão Davanzo, Carla Rocha-Santos, Alexandre Ceroni, Lisete C. Michelini From the authors: “The present set…
Researchers Explore How Lack of Cadherin-11 Protein Drives Immune Response in Atherosclerosis
Article title: Impaired macrophage trafficking and increased helper T-cell recruitment with loss of cadherin-11 in atherosclerotic immune response Authors: Camryn L. Johnson, Lance Riley, Matthew Bersi, MacRae F. Linton, W. David Merryman From the authors: “The results from this study…
Short on Sleep? Your Heart May Have a Harder Time Adjusting to Disruptions during Sleep
Otherwise healthy adults with chronically limited sleep showed abnormal heart rate patterns in a new study published in the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. The study was chosen as an APSselect article for October.
Lung Ventilation after Death May Keep Organs Healthy for Transplantation for Hours
Article title: Rapid postmortem ventilation improves donor lung viability by extending the tolerable warm ischemic time after cardiac death in mice Authors: Junyi Yu, Che Xu, Janet S. Lee, Jonathan K. Alder, Zongmei Wen, Guifang Wang, Agustin Alejandro Gil Silva,…
Researchers ID Protein as Possible Target for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment
Article title: Nrf2 expression in pancreatic stellate cells promotes progression of cancer Authors: Yu Tanaka, Shin Hamada, Ryotaro Matsumoto, Keiko Taguchi, Masayuki Yamamoto, Atsushi Masamune From the authors: “These results demonstrate that Nrf2 actively contributes to the function of [pancreatic…
Mom’s Pregnancy Diet and Low Birth Weight Can Impact Kidney Size at Birth, But Not in Adulthood
Article title: Podocyte endowment and the impact of adult body size on kidney health Authors: Luise A. Cullen-McEwen, James van der Wolde, Kotaro Haruhara, Leon Tribolet, John P. Dowling, Michael G. Bertram, Robert de Matteo, Fabian Haas, Jan Czogalla, Yusuke…
Researchers Look to Deleted Mitochondrial Protein to Treat Heart Disease
Article title: Loss of the mitochondrial phosphate carrier SLC25A3 induces remodeling of the cardiac mitochondrial protein acylome Authors: Jessica N. Peoples, Nasab Ghazal, Duc M. Duong, Katherine R. Hardin, Janet R. Manning, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Victor Faundez, Jennifer Q. Kwong…
Blocking Protein in Mouse Lung Cells May Prevent or Heal Lung Injury
Article title: Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b Authors: Ian Rochford, Jagdish Chandra Joshi, Sheikh Rayees, Mumtaz Anwar, Md Zahid Akhter, Lakshmi Yalagala, Somenath Banerjee, Dolly Mehta From the authors: “Owing to…
Previously Healthy Young Adults with ‘Long COVID’ Show Vascular Dysfunction in Limbs, but Not Brain
A first-of-its-kind study of young adults with positive COVID-19 tests from more than 4 weeks ago found that those who were still symptomatic (i.e., long-haulers) had impaired blood vessel function in their limbs, but not brains. Asymptotic participants had blood vessel function similar to controls.
Researchers ID Protein Complex That Plays Important Role in Kidneys’ Water Balance Pathways
Article title: Actin-related protein 2/3 complex plays a critical role in the aquaporin-2 exocytotic pathway Authors: Chen-Chung Steven Liu, Pui Wen Cheung, Anupama Dinesh, Noah Baylor, Theodor C. Paunescu, Anil V. Nair, Richard Bouley, Dennis Brown From the authors: “In…
MitoQ Antioxidant Prevents Sepsis-induced Diaphragm Weakness in Mice
Article title: Mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ) prevents sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction Authors: Gerald S. Supinski, Elizabeth A. Schroder, Lin Wang, Andrew J. Morris, Leigh Ann P. Callahan From the authors: “This is the first study to show that mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ), a…
Researchers ID Congenital Heart Defect Gene Variants in People of Han Chinese Ethnicity
Article title: Identification of variants of ISL1 gene promoter and cellular functions in isolated ventricular septal defects Authors: Si-Qiang Zheng, Huan-Xin Chen, Xiao-Cheng Liu, Qin Yang, Guo-Wei He From the authors: “This study may provide new insights into the role…
Protein Inhibitor May Lead to New Treatment for Low Oxygen Associated with Sleep Apnea
Article title: Lysine demethylase KDM6B regulates HIF-1α mediated systemic and cellular responses to intermittent hypoxia Authors: Jayasri Nanduri, Ning Wang, Benjamin L. Wang, Nanduri R. Prabhakar From the authors: “[The] current study demonstrates that pharmacological disruption of [Hypoxia-inducible factor]-1α activation…
Targeting Enzyme Pathway May Help Combat Age-related Muscle Weakness
Article title: Skeletal muscle-specific calpastatin overexpression mitigates muscle weakness in aging and extends life span Authors: Elizabeth A. Schroder, Lin Wang, Yuan Wen, Leigh Ann P. Callahan, Gerald S. Supinski From the authors: “These data suggest that diaphragm dysfunction in…
Exercise May Not Offset Genetic Predisposition for Low Exercise Capacity, Impaired Insulin Sensitivity
Article title: Genetically determined exercise capacity affects systemic glucose response to insulin in rats Authors: Michael Schwarzer, Annika Molis, Christina Schenkl, Andrea Schrepper, Steven L. Britton, Lauren Gerard Koch, Torsten Doenst From the authors: “In our model of [high capacity…
Parents’ Obesity Causes Heart Dysfunction in Male Rats Soon after Birth
Article title: Sex differences in the impact of parental obesity on offspring cardiac SIRT3 expression, mitochondrial efficiency, and diastolic function early in life Authors: Jussara M. do Carmo, Ana C. M. Omoto, Xuemei Dai, Sydney P. Moak, Gabriela S. Mega,…
Researchers Use Human Intestine, Liver Stem-cell Cultures to Explore Bile Signaling
Article title: Use of human tissue stem cell-derived organoid cultures to model enterohepatic circulation Authors: Sarah Elizabeth Blutt, Sue Crawford, Carolyn Bomidi, Xi-Lei Zeng, James Broughman, Matthew Robertson, Cristian Coarfa, Mary Elizabeth Tessier, Tor C. Savidge, F. Blaine Hollinger, Steven…
Scientists Explore Effects of Age and Hearing Loss on Frequency of Voice Response with Electroencephalography
Article title: Cortical compensation for hearing loss, but not age, in neural tracking of the fundamental frequency of the voice Authors: Jana Van Canneyt, Jan Wouters, Tom Francart From the authors: “In this study we investigated the effects of age…
Kidney Resident Macrophages Share Properties across Species, May Lead to Targeted Treatment for Kidney Diseases
Article title: Kidney resident macrophages in the rat have minimal turnover and replacement by blood monocytes Authors: Kurt A. Zimmerman, Zhengqin Yang, Jeremie M. Lever, Zhang Li, Mandy J. Croyle, Anupam Agarwal, Bradley K. Yoder, James F. George From the…
Breathing Support Improves Lung Function in Near-term Newborns
A new pre-clinical study in rabbits finds breathing support with an end-expiratory pressure improves lung function in near-term newborns with elevated lung liquid volumes at birth. The study is published ahead of print in the Journal of Applied Physiology.
Frequent Breaks from Sitting May Improve Daily Blood Sugar Fluctuations
Frequent activity breaks from sitting may improve fasting blood sugar (glucose) levels and stabilize daily fluctuations, according to new research. The study, the first of its length to explore the effects of activity breaks in “free-living” conditions, is published ahead of print in the American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. It was chosen as an APSselect article for August.
New UK Study Offers Insight on How Resistance Training Burns Fat
Findings from a new University of Kentucky College of Medicine and College of Health Sciences study add to growing evidence that resistance exercise has unique benefits for fat loss.
The Department of Physiology and Center for Muscle Biology study published in the FASEB Journal found that resistance-like exercise regulates fat cell metabolism at a molecular level.
Researchers ID Sodium-dependent Cartilage Repair Response to Improve Osteoarthritis
Research published ahead of print in the journal Function finds sodium prompts the release of regenerative factors in articular cartilage that has sustained injury due to osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis causes a loss of the protein aggrecan that is an integral part…