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UrduResearchers at UCLA Health uncovered new information about the role inflammation plays in mitigating liver fibrosis, which is associated with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), one of the most common diseases in the world affecting up to 40 percent of U.S. adults.
Category: Research Results
UF scientists study how to bring you ‘climate-smart coffee’
Coffee beans consumed across the globe come from two species: Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora, and by 2050, about 80% of Arabica production is predicted to decrease because of climate change. So, scientists are investigating to see if they can find alternative coffee cultivars.
Moffitt Study Uncovers Key Immune Cells for Combating Aggressive Merkel Cell Carcinoma
A new study published today in Cancer Discovery is providing insights into why some Merkel cell carcinoma patients respond to this type of immunotherapy while others do not.
Researchers develop state-of-the-art device to make artificial intelligence more energy efficient
Engineering researchers at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities have demonstrated a state-of-the-art hardware device that could reduce energy consumption for artificial intelligent (AI) computing applications by a factor of at least 1,000.
Wash U researchers quantify solar absorption by black carbon in fire clouds
Aerosol scientists at Washington University in St. Louis quantify the extent of light absorption by black carbon in fire clouds to better model climate impacts of extreme wildfire events.
Exploring cultivated meat and seafood to support national security
Food innovation at the dinner table and the mess hall is essential to national defense, biosecurity, and warfighter readiness.
New gene therapy approach shows promise for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Indiana University School of Medicine researchers have made a significant breakthrough in developing a new gene therapy approach that restores full-length dystrophin protein, which could lead to new treatments for people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
Nonreciprocal interactions go nonlinear
Using two optically trapped glass nanoparticles, researchers observed a novel collective Non-Hermitian and nonlinear dynamic driven by nonreciprocal interactions. This contribution expands traditional optical levitation with tweezer arrays by incorporating the so called non-conservative interactions.
Ancient marine animal had inventive past despite being represented by few species, new study finds
Brachiopods were evolving in new directions but this did not turn into evolutionary success in terms of the numbers of species, researchers at the University of Bristol, the Open University, and the China University of Geosciences have found.
Energy planning in Ghana as a role model for the world
Under the leadership of Empa scientist Mashael Yazdanie, an international research team is investigating ways to better plan for climate-resilient energy systems in the Global South.
NUS researchers develop new battery-free technology to power electronic devices using ambient radiofrequency signals
Ubiquitous wireless technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and 5G rely on radio frequency (RF) signals to send and receive data. A new prototype of an energy harvesting module – developed by a team led by scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) – can now convert ambient or ‘waste’ RF signals into direct current (DC) voltage.
High Levels of a Specific Antibody May Contribute to Acute Coronary Syndrome
How a person’s immune system responds to a protein called LL-37 may increase risk for developing acute coronary syndrome, but the response may also serve as a potential target for future treatments.
Sipping Alcohol in Early Adolescence May Contribute to Personality Changes and Depression
Children who try alcohol may experience mental health and personality effects as they transition to early adolescence. An analysis of alcohol sampling behavior in children ages 9 to 14, published in Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research, found that children who had poor response inhibition and increased alcohol sipping behaviors might be more likely to have accelerated changes in personality traits and depression scores over time. The study suggests that even minimal alcohol experimentation in early adolescence may influence later alcohol use as well as personality and mental health issues.
New research discovers a new combination of therapy for people with a type of leukemia, leading them to live longer
In a new multicenter international study led by the Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, researchers found that people with the B-cell precursor subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), who also lacked a genetic abnormality known as the Philadelphia chromosome and were in remission with no trace of cancer, showed significantly higher survival rates when blinatumomab was added to their chemotherapy treatment.
Formation of the spinal cord in the embryo: the role of a family of proteins elucidated
The discovery of the role of β-arrestins in the formation of the spinal cord at the embryonic stage opens up perspectives for exploring the mechanisms that would allow its lesions to be repaired.
Daily rhythms depend on receptor density in biological clock
Tweaking the numbers of receptors in a key brain area changes the daily rhythms of rest and wake in mice, according to research from WashU, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Does Your Body Composition Affect Your Risk of Dementia or Parkinson’s?
People with high levels of body fat stored in their belly or arms may be more likely to develop diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s than people with low levels of fat in these areas, according to a study published in the July 24, 2024, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Nationwide flood models poorly capture risks to households and properties
Irvine, Calif., July 24, 2024 – Government agencies, insurance companies and disaster planners rely on national flood risk models from the private sector that aren’t reliable at smaller levels such as neighborhoods and individual properties, according to researchers at the University of California, Irvine. In a paper published recently in the American Geophysical Union journal Earth’s Future, experts in UC Irvine’s Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering caution that relatively new, nation-scale flood data provides an inadequate representation of local topography and infrastructure, factors known to control the spread of floods in urban areas.
حدد علماء مايو كلينك نوع جديد من فقدان الذاكرة لدى البالغين الأكبر سنًا
روتشستر، ولاية مينيسوتا — وضع الباحثون في مايو كلينك معايير جديدة لمتلازمة فقدان الذاكرة لدى البالغين الأكبر سنًا والتي تؤثر تحديدًا على الجهاز الحوفي الدماغي، وقد يتم تشخيص هذه الحالة على سبيل الخطأ على أنها داء الزهايمر في كثير من الأحيان. الخبر السار هو أن متلازمة التنكس العصبي لفقد الذاكرة السائدة الحوفي تتفاقم بصورة أبطأ ولها تنبؤات أفضل بخصوص سَيْر المرض، كما أصبحت محددة بشكل أوضح للأطباء الذين يعملون على إيجاد إجابات لمرضى فقدان الذاكرة.
Researchers discover faster, more energy-efficient way to manufacture an industrially important chemical
The reactivity of zirconium on silicon nitride enhances the conversion of propane into propylene, a key commodity chemical needed to make polypropylene. This finding hints at the reactivity researchers might achieve with other nontraditional catalysts.
Exciting the Alpha Particle
An important part of physics research is examining why theoretical calculations and experimental results sometimes don’t match. A recent physics experiment on the helium-4 nucleus and how it transitions from its basic energy state to its first excited state found evidence of a disagreement between theory and experiment. Now new calculations of the observed transition found agreement with the recent experimental results.
Stroke recovery: it’s in the genes
New research led by UCLA Health has found that specific genes may be related to the trajectory of recovery for stroke survivors, providing doctors insights useful for developing targeted therapies.
FDA Changing Lab Test Regulations: Livestreamed Expert Panel
Live from the annual conference of the Association for Diagnostics & Laboratory Medicine (ADLM, formerly AACC), experts will discuss how the new FDA rule on laboratory developed tests will hinder patient care. This rule will place these tests under duplicative FDA oversight, even though laboratory developed tests are already regulated by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. This will force many labs to stop performing these essential tests, which play a critical role in diagnosing rare disorders, such as inherited genetic conditions in newborns.
Older adults want to cut back on medication, but study shows need for caution
More than 82% of Americans age 50 to 80 take one or more kinds of prescription medication, and 80% of them say they’d be open to stopping one or more of those drugs — with major differences among people with different health conditions.
Producing water out of thin air
Earth’s atmosphere holds an ocean of fresh water. Extracting some of that moisture is seen as a potential way to provide clean drinking water to billions of people globally who face chronic shortages. A prototype device developed by University of Utah engineers for the U.S. Army harvests drinking water from atmosphere, even in arid places.
New Study Determines Incidence of and Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection Among Men with HIV, Offers New Insight on Transmission
A new study determines incidence of and risk factors for hepatitis C virus reinfection among men with HIV, and offers new insight on transmission.
L.A. County’s Unhoused Population Faces Alarming Levels of Discrimination and Violence, First-of-Its-Kind Study Finds
Research from UCLA Fielding School of Public Health’s Randall Kuhn and colleagues at UCLA and USC shows the health risk for people experiencing homelessness goes beyond challenges inherent to living without shelter.
Socioeconomic status affects survival of children with cancer
Socioeconomic factors can influence the diagnosis and treatment of children in Texas with malignant solid tumors, increasing the risk of the cancer’s spread and lowering the five-year survival rate, according to researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center. The study, published in Journal of the American College of Surgeons, identifies vulnerable populations in an effort to improve outreach and distribution of resources for better health outcomes for pediatric patients.
Warehousing Industry Increases Health-Harming Pollutants
First of a kind study shows an average 20% spike of nitrogen dioxide polluting the air for communities located near huge warehouses; people of color harder hit …
MD Anderson Research Highlights for July 24, 2024
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Research Highlights showcases the latest breakthroughs in cancer care, research and prevention. These advances are made possible through seamless collaboration between MD Anderson’s world-leading clinicians and scientists, bringing discoveries from the lab to the clinic and back.
Neuroscientists Discover Brain Circuits Involved in Placebo Effect for Pain Relief
Publishing in Nature, University of North Carolina School of Medicine researchers and colleagues discovered a pain control pathway that links the cingulate cortex in the front of the brain, through the pons region of the brainstem, to cerebellum in the back of the brain.
Physical activity improves early with customized text messages in patients with heart problems
Personalized text messages effectively promoted increased physical activity for patients after significant heart events — such as a heart attack or surgery — but those effects later diminished.
Cientistas da Mayo Clinic definem novo tipo de perda de memória em idosos
Pesquisadores da Mayo Clinic estabeleceram novos critérios para uma síndrome de perda de memória em idosos que afeta especificamente o sistema límbico do cérebro. Muitas vezes essa síndrome pode ser confundida com a doença de Alzheimer.
BePRECISE consortium unveils guidelines to enhance reporting in precision medicine research
The inaugural reporting guidelines for precision medicine research, of which Wits University Professor Michèle Ramsay is co-author, have been published in Nature Medicine.
Científicos de Mayo Clinic definen un nuevo tipo de pérdida de memoria en las personas mayores
Investigadores de Mayo Clinic han establecido nuevos criterios para un síndrome de pérdida de memoria en las personas mayores que afecta específicamente al sistema límbico del cerebro. A menudo, este síndrome se puede confundir con la enfermedad de Alzheimer.
The ocean is becoming too loud for oysters
Baby oysters rely on natural acoustic cues to settle in specific environments, but new research from the University of Adelaide reveals that noise from human activity is interfering with this critical process.
Protect the child, save the adult: An opportunity to cut welfare costs by nearly 40%
New research* from the University of South Australia shows that people who have suffered child abuse or neglect are three times more likely to access government income support payments in early adulthood, underlining the costly and long-term effects of adverse early life experiences.
Butterflies accumulate enough static electricity to attract pollen without contact, new research finds
Butterflies and moths collect so much static electricity whilst in flight, that pollen grains from flowers can be pulled by static electricity across air gaps of several millimetres or centimetres.
A New Way to Make Element 116 Opens the Door to Heavier Atoms
Researchers at Berkeley Lab’s 88-Inch Cyclotron successfully made superheavy element 116 using a beam of titanium-50. That milestone sets the team up to attempt making the heaviest element yet: 120.
Using AI, CIPHER bird flu study shows greater antibody evasion in newer H5N1 strains
University of North Carolina at Charlotte scholars have found evidence that the latest variants of H5N1 influenza — commonly known as avian or bird flu — are better at evading antibodies, including those of humans, than previous iterations of the virus.
Legalized Gambling Increases Irresponsible Betting Behavior, Especially Among Low-Income Populations
In a first-of-its-kind study from the University of California San Diego Rady School of Management, researchers have identified comprehensive insights into the positive and negative impacts of online gambling legalization on tax revenue and gambling behaviors in the U.S.
Mini lungs make major COVID-19 discoveries possible
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys, University of California San Diego and their international collaborators have reported that more types of lung cells can be infected by SARS-CoV-2 than previously thought, including those without known viral receptors.
Nonlinear Encoding in Diffractive Optical Processors Based on Linear Materials
Researchers explored nonlinear information encoding in diffractive processors based on linear materials. They revealed that simpler-to-implement phase encoding matches the accuracy of data repetition strategies across various test datasets. While data repetition-based diffractive blocks cannot provide optical analogs to fully-connected or convolutional layers employed in digital neural networks, they are effective in enhancing inference accuracy. This research provides insights into the interplay between linear material-based diffractive systems and nonlinear encoding strategies in visual information processors.
New Research Identifies Less Invasive Method for Examining Brain Activity Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers have published new research that reports on a potential alternative and less-invasive approach to measure intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients.
3D-Printed Microstructure Forest Facilitates Solar Steam Generator Desalination
Faced with the world’s impending freshwater scarcity, researchers in Singapore turned to solar steam generators, which are emerging as a promising device for seawater desalination. The team sought design inspiration from trees and harnessed the potential of 3D printing.
Wearable Sensors Help Athletes Achieve Greater Performance
In APL Materials, researchers from Lyuliang University have developed a low-cost, flexible, and customizable sensor for badminton players that overcomes current monitoring constraints. The team used triboelectric sensors to construct their intelligent monitoring system because they are easy to adapt for flexible, wearable devices and to minimize interference during bending and twisting, they built a 3D-printed flexible arch-shaped sensor encased in a thermoplastic elastomer. This design is comfortable during use and can be easily customized to individual athletes.
NYU Tandon collaboration with May Mobility leads to unprecedented autonomous vehicle research
A dataset introduced by NYU Tandon and autonomous vehicle company May Mobility provides researchers with a wealth of previously-unavailable real-world driving data captured from multiple autonomous vehicles (AVs) over repeated trips, promising to accelerate development of AV technology.
American Heart Association Recognizes Loyola University Medical Center for Advanced Care for Stroke and Type 2 Diabetes
Loyola University Medical Center (LUMC) has earned the American Heart Association’s Get With The Guidelines® – Stroke Gold Plus quality achievement award for its commitment to ensuring stroke patients receive the most appropriate treatment according to nationally recognized, research-based guidelines, ultimately leading to more lives saved and reduced disability.
Decoding Early Lyme Disease
A Rutgers Health physician-scientist publishes guidance for primary care doctors diagnosing and treating early Lyme disease, a bacterial infection
A FORCEE for good: Growing Sandia’s climate and earth sciences internship
Sandia National Laboratories’ Future of Research for Climate, Earth and Energy Intern Institute provides undergraduate and graduate students with real-world experience in conducting research on topics in earth sciences, climate change, decarbonization and infrastructure modernization.