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UrduUC San Diego researchers find stem cells use a surprising system for discarding misfolded proteins. This unique pathway could be the key to maintaining long-term health and preventing age-related blood and immune disorders.
Tag: Cell Biology
A Potential New Target for Head and Neck Cancer Immunotherapy
UC San Diego researchers have identified a strong association between the product of a gene expressed in most cancers and elevated levels of white blood cells that produce antibodies within tumors, suggesting a new therapeutic target.
UT Southwestern study: Cell membrane ‘blebs’ could hold new targets for anti-cancer drugs
Cell membrane protrusions called blebs that typically signify the end of life for healthy cells do the opposite for melanoma cells, activating processes in these cells that help them to survive and spread, a UT Southwestern study suggests.
Pondering the important questions may lead to innovations to improve lives
Virginia Tech professor Robert Gourdie says teamwork is an important element in the process of discovery, and it involves many teams full of talented, curious, and lively people.
How Pancreatic Cancer Defies Treatment
UC San Diego researchers describe how pancreatic cancer stem cells leverage a protein in a family of proteins that normally suppress tumors to instead do the opposite, boosting their resistance to conventional treatments and spurring growth.
Stress-Tolerant Cells Drive Tumor Initiation in Pancreatic Cancer
UC San Diego scientists discover a molecular pathway critical to the initiation of pancreatic tumors. The findings may inspire new chemotherapeutic drugs targeting early stages of tumor formation and spread.
Beyond the average cell
Models based on an average cell are useful, but they may not accurately describe how individual cells really work. New possibilities opened up with the advent of single-cell live imaging technologies. Now it is possible to peer into the lives of individual cells. In a new paper in PLOS Genetics, a team of biologists and physicists from Washington University in St. Louis and Purdue University used actual single-cell data to create an updated framework for understanding the relationship between cell growth, DNA replication and division in a bacterial system.
Experts from 14 Nations Discuss Global Gene Drive Project Registry
UC San Diego Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science led 70 participants from 14 nations in a discussion on the ways in which a gene drive project registry could both contribute to and detract from the fair development, testing and use of gene-drive modified organisms.
Adapting language models to track virus variants
Groundbreaking research by Argonne National Laboratory finds new method to quickly identify COVID-19 virus variants. Their work wins the Gordon Bell Special Prize.
UT Southwestern scientists among top 1% of highly cited researchers across the globe
More than 20 UT Southwestern Medical Center scientists are among the 2022 Highly Cited Researchers listed in the top 1% of researchers from across the globe
UT Southwestern ranked top health care institution globally for published research by Nature Index
For the third year in a row, UT Southwestern is ranked as the top health care institution globally by Nature Index for publishing high-quality research in all subjects and in the life sciences.
New clues into a serious neurodegenerative disease
A new study sheds light on the basic biology of frontotemporal dementia caused by a particular genetic mutation
Popular Pharmaceutical Target in Cells May Prove Even More Useful
Researchers at UC San Diego have identified a new signaling process involving G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a cellular target already exploited by hundreds of diverse drugs. The discovery opens the possibility of new therapies, including for multiple forms of cancer.
Evidence for new theory of genetic recombination
In most higher organisms, including humans, every cell carries two versions of each gene, which are referred to as alleles.
UC San Diego Joins NIH ‘Bridge to Artificial Intelligence’ Program
UC San Diego scientists will lead several components of Bridge2AI, a new NIH-funded program to promote the use of AI in health and research.
A role for cell ‘antennae’ in managing dopamine signals in the brain
A historically overlooked rod-like projection present on nearly every cell type in the human body may finally be getting its scientific due: A new study has found that these appendages on neurons in the brain have a key role in ensuring a specific dopamine receptor’s signals are properly received.
Researchers use X-rays to decode complex piece of cellular machinery, atom by atom
A research team led by Caltech spent nearly 20 years determining X-ray structures, one by one, to create a map of the nuclear pore complex, one of the largest and most complex pieces of cellular machinery.
Danforth Technology Company launches its first startup: PEPTYDE BIO
Peptyde Bio discovers, designs, and characterizes novel anti-microbial peptides (AMPs)
Vital Cell Machinery Behind the Human Body’s Incorporation of Selenium Seen for the First Time
A Rutgers scientist is part of an international team that has determined the process for incorporating selenium – an essential trace mineral found in soil, water and some foods that increases antioxidant effects in the body – to 25 specialized proteins, a discovery that could help develop new therapies to treat a multitude of diseases from cancer to diabetes.
Newly Discovered Lipid Prevents Cell Death
Programmed cell death is an important tool that an organism uses to keep itself healthy. When a cell does not function as it should, various stress reactions are activated.
Spines of Life: Fast-Breeding Sea Urchin Provides New Model for Genetic Research
Many people may not realize that the humble sea urchin is a titan when it comes to the study of biology. Now, researchers from Japan have discovered that sea urchins could help biological studies go further than ever before.
Scientists Detect Common Fungicide in Pregnant Women and Children
For the first time, UNC-Chapel Hill scientists have measured the concentration of a biomarker of the commonly used fungicide azoxystrobin in the urine of pregnant women and children. They also documented maternal transfer of the chemical to mouse embryos and weaning-age mice.
Rutgers Researcher Aims to Protect and Regenerate Corals Through Coral Genomics with $500K NSF Grant and Award-Winning Video
A Rutgers researcher will use genomics, genetics, and cell biology to identify and understand the corals’ response to heat stress conditions and to pinpoint master regulatory genes involved in coral bleaching due to global warming and climate change. The researcher and his team will use a novel gene-editing tool as a resource to knock down some gene functions with the goal of boosting the corals’ abilities to survive.
Cell biology society names Rebecca Alvania as incoming CEO
The American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) welcomes Rebecca Alvania as its new Chief Executive Officer, effective January 3, 2022. Alvania comes to ASCB from the American Society for Microbiology, where she served as the Assistant Director of Journals.
Sweet! How Glycogen is Linked to Heat Generation in Fat Cells
University of California San Diego researchers, with international colleagues, describe how energy expenditure and heat production are regulated in obesity through a previously unknown cellular pathway.
Tumor Reasons Why Cancers Thrive in Chromosomal Chaos
University of California San Diego researchers describe how a pair of fundamental genetic and cellular processes — aneuploidy and unfolded protein response — are exploited by cancer cells to promote tumor survival and growth.
$6M NIH Grant Launches UC San Diego Consortium to Study Insulin-Producing Cells
UC San Diego School of Medicine researchers will receive $6.4 million in National Institutes of Health grant funding to study how external signals and genetic variations influence the behavior of one cell type in particular: insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
Danforth Center Announces New Principal Investigator
Tessa Burch-Smith, PhD, has joined the Danforth Center as Associate Member and Principal Investigator. Her research is focused on how plant cells communicate with each other through intercellular pores called plasmodesmata.
American Society for Cell Biology announces 2021 honorific awards and recognition
The following people were recognized by either receiving an honorific award and/or being invited to present a keynote speech or lecture. Congratulations to all. ASCB will feature longer profiles of some of these award winners on its website and in its newsletter in the coming months.
Fourteen scientists elected to the 2021 cohort of ASCB Fellows
The American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) is pleased to present its cohort of 14 new Fellows for 2021.
What Makes Blood Vessels Leaky: New Insights for Sepsis Therapeutics
Lab studies reveal protein HSP27’s role in blood vessel leakage, opening the possibility that therapeutically dialing its activity up or down might stabilize patients with sepsis.
Gene Messengers, Rather Than Genes, May Provide Best Disease Clues
Genes can be expressed in different ways depending on how cells process their messengers, aka splicing isoforms. Genetic mutations can damage some splicing isoforms but not others. UC San Diego School of Medicine researchers found that splicing isoforms hit by…
Brain Organoids Mimic Head Size Changes Associated with Type of Autism
Stem cell models derived from people with specific genomic variation recapitulate aspects of their autism spectrum disorder, providing a valuable model to study the condition and look for therapeutic interventions.
Girdin One’s Loins
UC San Diego researchers detail how a ubiquitous signaling molecule plays a critical role in male fertility, orchestrating key steps that promote sperm motility, survival and fertilization success.
New Blood: Lab-Grown Stem Cells Bode Well for Transplants, Aging Research
UC San Diego researchers develop a method to grow hematopoietic stem cells in culture, with clinical implications for bone marrow transplants and aging research.
Newly Developed, Bioinspired Cell Delivery Vehicles
Nanocontainers can transport substances into cells where they can then take effect.
Device cracks milk protein
‘Refolding’ molecules to support medical solutions
Blushing plants reveal when fungi are growing in their roots
Almost all crop plants form associations with a particular type of fungi – called arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi – in the soil, which greatly expand their root surface area. This mutually beneficial interaction boosts the plant’s ability to take up nutrients…
Why do some people get severe COVID-19? The nose may know
People who develop severe COVID-19 have markedly blunted antiviral responses in the nasopharynx
New understanding of cell stability with potential to improve immune cell therapies
Findings highlight pathway to remove unstable cells
Early antiviral response in the nose may determine the course of COVID-19
Cells sampled at the time of diagnosis from patients who later developed severe COVID-19 show a muted antiviral response, study finds
Bacteria navigate on surfaces using a ‘sense of touch’
Many disease-causing bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa crawl on surfaces through a walk-like motility known as “twitching”. Nanometers-wide filaments called type IV pili are known to power twitching, but scientists ignore which sensory signals coordinate the microbes’ movements. Now, EPFL…
Untwisting DNA Reveals New Force That Shapes Genomes
Advances in microscopy have enabled researchers to picture loops of DNA strands for the first time.
Antibiotics may help to treat melanoma
Some antibiotics appear to be effective against a form of skin cancer known as melanoma. Researchers at KU Leuven, Belgium, examined the effect of these antibiotics on patient-derived tumours in mice. Their findings were published in the Journal of Experimental…
Cardio-cerebrovascular disease history complicates hematopoietic cell transplant outcomes
Researchers find pre-transplant cardiovascular diseases indirectly affect mortality and survival through increased post-transplant disease occurrence
HKU scientists harness the naturally abundant CRISPR-Cas system to edit superbugs with the hope of treating infections caused by drug resistant pathogens
A research team led by Dr Aixin YAN, Associate Professor from the Research Division for Molecular & Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, in collaboration with Honorary Clinical Professor Patrick CY WOO from the Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty…
Untwisting DNA reveals new force that shapes genomes
Transcription generates a force that moves across DNA strands like ripples through water
Cell-analysis technique could combat tuberculosis
ITHACA, N.Y. – A new method that analyzes how individual immune cells react to the bacteria that cause tuberculosis could pave the way for new vaccine strategies against this deadly disease, and provide insights into fighting other infectious diseases around…
Interaction identified between SARS-CoV-2 and unusual RNA structures in human cells
Replication of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, depends on a series of interactions between viral proteins and different cellular partners such as nucleic acids (DNA or RNA). Characterizing these interactions is crucial to elucidate the process of viral replication…
Parkinson’s disease: How lysosomes become a hub for the propagation of the pathology
Over the last few decades, neurodegenerative diseases became one of the top 10 global causes of death. Researchers worldwide are making a strong effort to understand neurodegenerative diseases pathogenesis, which is essential to develop efficient treatments against these incurable diseases.…