Tag: Mitochondria

Proteins prohibitins can become new targets for drugs from obesity

sarah JonasResearch Results

Scientists from Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University analyzed scientific works dedicated to the role of proteins prohibitins in the development of obesity. It turned out that these proteins promote development of inflammation both in separate cells and the whole organism. This happens because prohibitins stimulate emission of anti-inflammatory substances by immune cells, and also participate in destruction of mitochondria damaged during oxidative stress. Obtained information points to the fact that prohibitins can become targets for medicine aimed at struggle with obesity consequences. Results of the research are published in the magazine Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.

Penny for Your Thoughts? Master Copper Regulator Discovery May Offer Alzheimer’s Clues

sarah JonasResearch Results

A groundbreaking study using a tiny roundworm could pave the way for new treatments for neurodegenerative disorders. Researchers have linked the worm gene swip-10 to copper regulation – a vital element for brain health found in everyday items like wiring and cookware. Understanding the roles of swip-10 and MBLAC1, a protein involved in processing cellular materials, could lead to the development of effective medications and opens new avenues for advancing brain disease treatments.

Outcomes of combined mitochondria and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosome therapy in rat acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis

sarah JonasResearch Alert

BACKGROUNDThe treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) complicated by sepsis syndrome (SS) remains challenging. AIMTo investigate whether combined adipose-derived mesenchymal-stem-cells (ADMSCs)-derived exosome (EXAD) and ex

Novel Biological Mechanism Discovered That Could Lead to New Treatments for Neurological Disorders, Cancers

sarah JonasResearch Results

The lab of Yongchao C. Ma, PhD, at Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago discovered a fundamental biological mechanism that could lead to new treatments for neurological diseases, such as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and autism, as well as different cancers.

Modulation of cellular recycling by calcium ion dynamics across cellular compartments

sarah JonasResearch Results

This study discovers that upon induction of different autophagy processes, mitochondria immediately import calcium and calcium concentrations at the ER membrane start to fluctuate. The major calcium import channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane, mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), is required for mitophagy-inducer-initiated mitochondrial calcium uptake. Inhibiting MCU accelerates mitophagy. In neurons derived from a Parkinson’s patient, mitophagy-inducer-triggered mitochondrial calcium influx is faster, which may slow the ensuing mitophagy.

Researchers Show SARS-Cov-2 Infection Affects Energy Stores in the Body, Causing Organ Failure

sarah JonasResearch Results

An international research team, including Jonathan C. Schisler, PhD, in the UNC School of Medicine, has found how SARS-CoV-2 causes widespread “energy outages” throughout major organs, and how these effects contribute to debilitating long COVID symptoms.

Transplanting Muscle Mitochondria among Species May Create Opportunity for New Treatments

sarah JonasResearch Alert

Article title: Muscle mitochondrial transplantation can rescue and maintain cellular homeostasis Authors: Debasmita Bhattacharya, Mikhaela B. Slavin, David A. Hood From the authors: “Our study illustrates the feasibility of using mouse skeletal muscle-derived mitochondria for transplantation in intraspecies- and interspecies-specific…

Mitochondrial Changes Linked to High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy

sarah JonasResearch Results

A new study provides evidence for the possibility that mitochondrial dysregulation could be a contributing factor in the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The study is published in Physiological Genomics. It was chosen as an APSselect article for July.

CHOP Researchers Reveal How NSAIDs Worsen C. difficile Infections

sarah JonasResearch Results

Why do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exacerbate gastrointestinal infections by Clostridioides difficile, the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea worldwide? In a new paper published in Science Advances, researchers at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) have begun to answer that question, showing that NSAIDs disrupt the mitochondria of cells lining the colon, sensitizing them to damage by pathogenic toxins.

Increasing skeletal muscle mitochondrial efficiency after weight loss as a novel mechanism for lower energy expenditure

sarah JonasResearch Results

Weight regains is a common problem for weight loss individuals. A number of studies have shown that weight loss in overweight people results in a reduction in whole-body energy expenditure. This reduction in energy expenditure is disproportionate across tissues, known as energetic mismatch which primarily originates from lean tissue, thus increasing weight regain risk.

Commonly used antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV and hepatitis B reduce immune cells’ energy production

sarah JonasResearch Results

New UCLA-led research suggests that antiretroviral drugs called TAF and TDF directly reduce energy production by mitochondria, structures inside cells that generate the power that cells use to function. Both drugs led to reduced cellular oxygen consumption rates, a measure of the ability of the mitochondria to produce energy, compared with controls.

High-Tech Imaging Offers New Way to Detect Signs of Early Glaucoma

sarah JonasResearch Results

Mount Sinai study shows flavoprotein fluorescence could serve as new biomarker

Vitamin B5 May Help Weight Loss by Turning on Brown Fat

sarah JonasResearch Results

Pantothenate acid, also known as vitamin B5, stimulated the production of brown fat in both cell cultures and mice, a new study finds. “[B5] has therapeutic potential for treating obesity and type II diabetes,” researchers conclude. The study was chosen as an APSselect article for July.

Protein Deficiency Impairs Muscle Clock, Mitochondrial Function in Muscular Dystrophy

sarah JonasResearch Alert

Article title: Dystrophin deficiency disrupts muscle clock expression and mitochondrial quality control in mdx mice Authors: Justin P. Hardee, Marissa K. Caldow, Audrey S.M. Chan, Stuart K. Plenderleith, Jennifer Trieu, Rene Koopman, Gordon S. Lynch From the authors: “These findings suggest that…

University of Nebraska Medical Center researchers reveal elusive inner workings of antioxidant enzyme with therapeutic potential

sarah JonasFeature

The enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase helps maintain human health by keeping the amount of reactive oxygen molecules in cells under control. Using neutron scattering at ORNL, researchers obtained a complete atomic portrait of the enzyme, revealing key information about its catalytic mechanism.

Amoeba Biology Reveals Potential Treatment Target for Lung Disease

sarah JonasResearch Results

In a series of experiments that began with amoebas — single-celled organisms that extend podlike appendages to move around — Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists say they have identified a genetic pathway that could be activated to help sweep out mucus from the lungs of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease a widespread lung ailment.

Research News Tip Sheet: Story Ideas from Johns Hopkins Medicine

sarah JonasResearch Tip Sheet

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Johns Hopkins Medicine Media Relations is focused on disseminating current, accurate and useful information to the public via the media. As part of that effort, we are distributing our “COVID-19 Tip Sheet: Story Ideas from Johns Hopkins” every other Wednesday.

Research News Tip Sheet: Story Ideas from Johns Hopkins Medicine

sarah JonasResearch Tip Sheet

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Johns Hopkins Medicine Media Relations is focused on disseminating current, accurate and useful information to the public via the media. As part of that effort, we are distributing our “COVID-19 Tip Sheet: Story Ideas from Johns Hopkins” every other Tuesday.

UCLA scientists develop high-throughput mitochondria transfer device

sarah JonasResearch Results

Scientists from the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have developed a simple, high-throughput method for transferring isolated mitochondria and their associated mitochondrial DNA into mammalian cells. This approach enables researchers to tailor a key genetic component of cells, to study and potentially treat debilitating diseases such as cancer, diabetes and metabolic disorders.

Research News Tip Sheet: Story Ideas From Johns Hopkins Medicine

sarah JonasResearch Tip Sheet

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Johns Hopkins Medicine Media Relations is focused on disseminating current, accurate and useful information to the public via the media. As part of that effort, we are distributing our “COVID-19 Tip Sheet: Story Ideas from Johns Hopkins” every other Tuesday.

Research News Tip Sheet: Story Ideas from Johns Hopkins Medicine

sarah JonasResearch Results

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Johns Hopkins Medicine Media Relations is focused on disseminating current, accurate and useful information to the public via the media. As part of that effort, we are distributing our “COVID-19 Tip Sheet: Story Ideas from Johns Hopkins” every other Tuesday.