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UrduArticle title: An empirical model for world record running speeds with distance, age, and sex: anaerobic and aerobic contributions to performance Authors: Tuhin K. Roy, Michael J. Joyner, Jonathon W. Senefeld, Chad C. Wiggins, Timothy W. Secomb From the authors: “This empirical…
Tag: Metabolism
Rare diseases point to connections between metabolism and immunity
Inherited diseases of metabolism and immunity have more in common than previously recognized, according to a new study published in the journal Science Immunology. The findings point to a new set of metabolic genes that are important for the function of immune system T cells, and they offer insights that could improve care for patients with these disorders.
Could targeting metabolism treat blood clots in antiphospholipid syndrome?
Neutrophils are an important type of white blood cell that help your immune system fight infections. One of the many ways neutrophils help is by capturing germs in sticky, spider web-like structures called neutrophil extracellular traps, or NETs.However, excessive formation of NETs is seen in many autoimmune diseases as a sign of exuberant inflammation.
Rising Nighttime Temperatures Disrupt Plant Metabolism: A Review Calls for Adaptive Strategies
A research team has reviewed the detrimental effects of high nighttime temperatures (HNT) on temperate plant species, highlighting disruptions in physiological and metabolic processes such as carbohydrate, amino acid, and hormone metabolism.
What fat cats on a diet may tell us about obesity in humans
Pet cats may be excellent animal models for the study of obesity origins and treatment in humans, a new study of feline gut microbes suggests – and both species would likely get healthier in the research process, scientists say.
Monell Center Discovery Could Help Reduce Adverse Side Effects of Popular Next-generation Obesity Medications
By teasing apart the therapeutic benefits from the adverse effects of new-generation obesity medications, researchers from the Monell Chemical Senses Center found a population of neurons in the brain that controls food intake without causing nausea in an animal model.
Daily Sauna Time Might Help Prevent Menopause-Related Weight Gain
New research performed with mice suggests that daily time in a warm environment such as a sauna might help older adults, especially women, combat age-related obesity and insulin resistance. The study shows the potential of heat treatments as a simple way to promote healthier aging.
Metabolism of Autism Reveals Developmental Origins
New insights into the metabolism of autism from researchers at UC San Diego could help inform early detection and prevention strategies for the disorder.
A systematic review of three key sugar metabolism proteins, HXK, SnRK1 and TOR, in the regulatory network of plant growth, development and stress
Sugar signalling is one of the most important regulatory signals for plant growth and development, and its metabolic network contains many regulatory factors.
After spinal cord injury, neurons wreak havoc on metabolism
Conditions such as diabetes, heart attack and vascular diseases commonly diagnosed in people with spinal cord injuries can be traced to abnormal post-injury neuronal activity that causes abdominal fat tissue compounds to leak and pool in the liver and other organs, a new animal study has found.
This Outdated Diabetes Drug Still Has Something to Offer
Researchers from UC San Diego have discovered the biochemical workings of an old-fashioned diabetes drug, and it’s helping them develop new, safer alternatives.
Two New CZI Awards Power Studies of Metabolism and Intergenerational Memory
$2 million in total funds will accelerate interdisciplinary neurobiology research and scale up a search for new rules of human biochemistry.
Launch of a pioneering translational research programme in Europe
– The TRIP initiative establishes three new joint laboratories that bring together fundamental biomedical research and clinical research with the aim of accelerating the delivery of results to patients.
– TRIP will focus on emerging fields such as immuno-oncology, inflammation, and cellular senescence.
Researchers learn how nectar-laden honey bees avoid overheating
Honey bees carrying nectar have the remarkable ability to adjust their flight behavior to avoid overheating when air temperatures increase, according to research led by a University of Wyoming scientist.
New Technology Unscrambles the Chatter of Microbes
Researchers from University of California San Diego have developed a new search tool to that can match microbes to the metabolites they produce with no prior knowledge, an innovation that could transform our understanding of both human health and the environment.
How Obesity Dismantles Our Mitochondria
UC San Diego researchers found that when mice were fed a high-fat diet, mitochondria within their fat cells broke apart and were less able to burn fat, leading to weight gain.
Fiber from crustaceans, insects, mushrooms promotes digestion
Crustaceans, insects and mushrooms are rich sources of the dietary fiber chitin, which activates the immune system and benefits metabolism, according to a new study, in mice, led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.
Alternative cellular ‘fuels’ boost immunity
A metabolic by-product that is more prevalent during fasting may supercharge immune cells as they fight infection and disease, reports an early stage study by Van Andel Institute scientists and collaborators.
Cooperation between muscle and liver circadian clocks, key to controlling glucose metabolism
Collaborative work by teams at the Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS) at Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), University of California, Irvine (UCI), and the Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) has shown that interplay between circadian clocks in liver and skeletal muscle controls glucose metabolism.
Cancer cells rev up synthesis, compared with neighbors
Tumors are composed of rapidly multiplying cancer cells. Understanding which biochemical processes fuel their relentless growth can provide hints at therapeutic targets. Researchers from Washington University in St. Louis have developed a technology to study tumor growth in another dimension — literally. The scientists established a new method to watch what nutrients are used at which rates spatially throughout a tissue.
Targeting uncontrolled inflammation may hold the key to treating therapy-resistant cancers
Van Andel Institute scientists have pinpointed how a specific gene mutation triggers an inflammatory cascade that may drive development of treatment-resistant cancers.
The Acute Problem of Chronic Disease
In medicine and science, the term “pathogenesis” describes the origin and development of disease. There is not, however, a broadly accepted term to describe the other half of the equation: the process of healing and recovery.
Wayne State researcher receives $1.95 million NIH grant to study impact of inositol homeostasis on essential cellular functions
A researcher from Wayne State University’s Department of Biological Sciences has received a five-year, $1.95 million grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health to identify mechanisms that regulate inositol synthesis in mammalian cells and determine the cellular consequences of inositol depletion.
‘Beige fat’ could hold key to age-related metabolism change
New research suggests a strategy to ward off age-related weight gain, which could prevent obesity and associated health disorders like Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and chronic inflammation.
Study shows how to prevent a high-fat diet from throwing metabolism out of whack
Irvine, Calif., April 5, 2023 — Eating lots of fats increases the risk of metabolic disorders, but the mechanisms behind the problem have not been well understood. Now, University of California, Irvine biologists have made a key finding about how to ward off harmful effects caused by a high-fat diet. Their study appears in Nature Communications.
Smells influence metabolism and ageing in mice – research
Exposure to female odours and pheromones causes weight loss and extend the life spans of mice, which may have implications for humans, University of Otago researchers have found.
Hummingbirds use torpor in varying ways to survive cold temps
Hummingbirds have the fastest metabolism of any animal. The tropical hummingbirds that live in the Andes Mountains in South America must expend considerable energy to maintain their high body temperatures in cold environments. One tool that they use to survive cold nights is called torpor, a hibernation-like state that allows them to ramp down energy consumption to well below what they normally use during the day.
Biological Network in Cells Helps Body Adapt to Stresses on Health
Scientists at University of Utah Health led research that opens up a whole new world within our cells. Their study uncovers a vast network of interactions that assist cells in adjusting in real time to withstand stresses on our health.
A Novel Mechanism May Be Effective in Patients With Severe Hypertriglyceridemia and Prior Episodes of Acute Pancreatitis
A novel type of therapy, known as ANGPTL3 inhibitor therapy, was effective in lowering triglycerides in certain types of patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) who had a prior episode(s) of acute pancreatitis. sHTG is a well-established risk factor for recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis. These high-risk patients were the focus of a phase 2 study that was led by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and sponsored and funded by Regeneron.
Time of day may determine the amount of fat burned by exercise
Physical activity at the right time of the day seems able to increase fat metabolism, at least in mice.
Vitamin A May Protect Heart from Some Effects of Obesity
Research in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity found greater disruption to genes involved in heart function when coupled with vitamin A deficiency. The study is published in the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. It was chosen as an APSselect article for January.
CityU’s 6th HK Tech Forum focuses on metabolism in health and disease
Eminent scholars from academia worldwide shared their insights into complex signaling networks in various metabolic pathways at the HK Tech Forum on Metabolism in Health and Disease hosted by the Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study (HKIAS) and the Department of Biomedical Sciences (BMS) at City University of Hong Kong (CityU) from 15 to 16 December.
Protein spheres protect the genome of cancer cells
MYC genes and their proteins play a central role in the emergence and development of almost all cancers.
HK Tech Forum on Metabolism in Health and Disease
Revealing various signaling pathways in metabolism of oxygen, glucose, lipids, proteins and other nutrients is crucial for better understanding of human physiology and diseases.
Activity ‘Snacks’ Following Meals May Help Maintain Muscle Mass
Interrupting prolonged sitting with periodic activity “snacks” may help maintain muscle mass and quality, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Toronto.
Today: ANA2022 Media Roundtable to Spotlight Latest in Neuro Research
As the American Neurological Association’s 147th Annual Meeting wraps up today, October 25, the ANA is holding a Media Roundtable at 11 a.m. U.S. Central for reporters to access the latest developments in neurology and neuroscience.
Study Examines the Impact of Coral Chemical Compounds on Reef Composition and Health
Stumbling upon a new source of underwater caffeine was just an added bonus of a new study examining the impact of chemical compounds that corals release into the seawater.
Machine learning creates opportunity for new personalized therapies
Researchers at the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center have developed a computational platform that can predict new and specific metabolic targets in ovarian cancer, suggesting opportunities to develop personalized therapies for patients that are informed by the genetic makeup of their tumors. The study appeared in Nature Metabolism.
Study Reverses Long-Held Ideas About Relationship Among Diabetes, Fat and Cardiovascular Disease
In a paper published in Circulation Research, scientists describe a series of studies designed to determine the relationship among insulin, fats and the vascular system.
Change of temperature causes whole body reprogramming
Human beings, like most organisms, are constantly exposed to alternating colder or warmer temperatures.
From cavefish to humans: Evolution of metabolism in cavefish may provide insight into treatments for a host of diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and stroke
New research examines how cavefish developed unique metabolic adaptations to survive in nutrient-scarce environments. The study created a genome-wide map of liver tissue for two independent colonies of cavefish along with river fish to understand how cavefish metabolism evolved and how this may be applicable for humans.
Researchers Catalog Cell Types Present in White Fat Tissue in Mice and in Humans
Scientists have generated an atlas of the cell types present in the white adipose tissue of humans and in mice, allowing them to look at the composition of fat in unprecedented detail.
Sweet! How Glycogen is Linked to Heat Generation in Fat Cells
University of California San Diego researchers, with international colleagues, describe how energy expenditure and heat production are regulated in obesity through a previously unknown cellular pathway.
Study says Americans do about 30 minutes less physical activity a day than 200 years ago
Today, Americans have access to what feels like an endless amount of workout routines, huge gyms, and even high-end home workout equipment like the Peloton.
Study identifies potential target for treating systemic inflammation in obesity
Researchers studying the enzyme DHPS have determined that blocking its activity in mouse macrophages leads to a reduction in proteins that drive inflammation during obesity, leading to improved glycemic control.
New UK Study Offers Insight on How Resistance Training Burns Fat
Findings from a new University of Kentucky College of Medicine and College of Health Sciences study add to growing evidence that resistance exercise has unique benefits for fat loss.
The Department of Physiology and Center for Muscle Biology study published in the FASEB Journal found that resistance-like exercise regulates fat cell metabolism at a molecular level.
Patients Report Long-Term Favorable Effects of Weight Loss Surgery in Their Daily Lives
A new analysis from the STAMPEDE trial shows that over the course of five years, patients who had bariatric and metabolic surgery to treat uncontrolled type 2 diabetes reported greater physical health, more energy, less body pain, and less negative effects of diabetes in their daily lives, compared with patients who had medical therapy alone for their diabetes.
Long-term changes in psychosocial and emotional quality of life measures were not significantly different between the surgical and medical groups. The research was published in the Annals of Surgery.
Spontaneous Mammary Neoplasia, Cannabidiol Exposure, Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors, and More Featured in July 2021 Toxicological Sciences
Toxicological Sciences delivers the latest toxicology research in the July 2021 issue. The issue features investigations in delivers the latest toxicology research in areas such as exposure to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, effects of ENDS vapors on amino acid metabolism, and more.
Metabolism expert Dr. Sara Nowinski joins Van Andel Institute
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. (July 8, 2021) — VAI’s newest scientific recruit wants to rewrite the story of mitochondria, the cellular machinery that produces and manages the body’s energy supply.
Research Uncovers How ‘Non-professional’ Cells Can Trigger Immune Response
Researchers are finding new details on the complex dynamics involved in how organisms sense an infection from pathogens. The researchers found that worms can sense changes in their metabolism in order to unleash protective defenses, even if they don’t directly sense an incursion from pathogens.