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UrduUC San Diego scientists use lab-grown human brain tissue to identify neural abnormalities in Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome and show gene therapy tools can rescue neural structure and function.
Tag: Neurobiology
Neurobiologists Reveal How Value Decisions are Coded into Our Brains
A new study is showing how value choices are recorded in our brains. Researchers found that persistency allows value signals to be most effectively represented, or “coded,” across different areas of the brain, especially in a critical area within the cerebrum known as the retrosplenial cortex.
Right off the bats
Among the many devastating impacts of Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementia is the risk that patients will wander and become lost. Indeed, according to the Alzheimer’s Association, six in 10 people with the disease will wander at least once over the course of their illness — and many do so repeatedly.
Exploring the Science of Acupuncture
Researchers have discovered neurons needed for acupuncture‘s anti-inflammatory response
UCI receives grant to support 30 HBCU students in Summer Institute in Neuroscience
Irvine, Calif., July 28, 2021 — The UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory has been awarded a UC-HBCU Initiative Summer Research and Graduate Admissions Pathways Grant from the UC Office of the President to sponsor a partnership with Delaware State University, one of 107 Historically Black Colleges and Universities in the U.
Rare Inherited Variants in Previously Unsuspected Genes May Confer Significant Risk for Autism
Researchers have identified a rare class of genetic differences transmitted from parents without autism to their affected children with autism and determined that they are most prominent in “multiplex” families with more than one family member on the spectrum.
How the Brain Paints the Beauty of a Landscape
How does a view of nature gain its gloss of beauty?
What’s riskier for young soccer players, practice or game time?
On average, impacts are more frequent during drills, more severe during games
Device cracks milk protein
‘Refolding’ molecules to support medical solutions
Better healthcare management can reduce the risk of delirium among older adults
New research outlines how those admitted on Sunday and Tuesday are more likely to develop delirium, a hospital complication
Neuroscientists posit that brain region is a key locus of learning
Small and seemingly specialized, the brain’s locus coeruleus (LC) region has been stereotyped for its outsized export of the arousal-stimulating neuromodulator norepinephrine. In a new paper and with a new grant from the National Institutes of Health, an MIT neuroscience…
‘Feel good’ brain messenger can be willfully controlled, new study reveals
Neuroscientists show that mice can learn to manipulate random dopamine impulses for reward
Investigational magnetic device shrinks glioblastoma in first-in-world human test
Houston Methodist Neurological Institute researchers from the department of neurosurgery shrunk a deadly glioblastoma tumor by more than a third using a helmet generating a noninvasive oscillating magnetic field that the patient wore on his head while administering the therapy…
Parkinson’s disease: How lysosomes become a hub for the propagation of the pathology
Over the last few decades, neurodegenerative diseases became one of the top 10 global causes of death. Researchers worldwide are making a strong effort to understand neurodegenerative diseases pathogenesis, which is essential to develop efficient treatments against these incurable diseases.…
Neurotransmitter levels predict math ability
Glutamate and GABA in the brain have reverse relationships with math ability, which switch during development
Scientists reverse age-related memory loss in mice
Scientists at Cambridge and Leeds have successfully reversed age-related memory loss in mice and say their discovery could lead to the development of treatments to prevent memory loss in people as they age. In a study published today in Molecular…
3D imaging reveals neural ‘vicious cycle’ in fatty liver disease
With the application of a novel three-dimensional imaging technology, researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have discovered that one portion of the autonomic nervous system in the liver undergoes severe degeneration in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The study, which is…
Spontaneous retinal waves simulate optical flow before neonatal mice can see
Like dreaming of walking through a world they’ve not yet experienced, the retinas of neonatal mice practice for what mature eyes must later process by generating spontaneous patterns of activity that mimic the perception of directional movement through space, according…
This is how the visual system shows us a more persistent world
An international collaboration elucidates the mechanisms that facilitate accurate identification of moving images. The findings have been published in Nature Communications
Take two: Integrating neuronal perspectives for richer results
Every brain function, from standing up to deciding what to have for dinner, involves neurons interacting. Studies focused on neuronal interactions extend across domains in neuroscience, primarily using the approaches of spike count correlation or dimensionality reduction. Pioneering research from…
Evidence of sustained benefits of pimavanserin for dementia-related psychosis
Evidence of the sustained benefits of an investigational antipsychotic treatment for people with dementia-related psychosis has been published. Up to half of the 45 million people worldwide who are living with Alzheimer’s disease will experience psychotic episodes, a figure that…
Digital health technologies hold key to new Parkinson’s treatments
Global stakeholders come together to collaborate with urgency to address unmet needs for Parkinson’s therapies
Brain ‘noise’ keeps nerve connections young
Neurons communicate through rapid electrical signals that regulate the release of neurotransmitters, the brain’s chemical messengers. Once transmitted across a neuron, electrical signals cause the juncture with another neuron, known as a synapse, to release droplets filled with neurotransmitters that…
Study refutes suspicion that dengue increases risk of microcephaly associated with zika
Researchers compared data for pregnant women in two cities who were infected by zika virus in 2015-16. Factors that influenced the risk of fetal malformation were the high zika attack rate in the area and being infected in the first trimester of pregnan
Digital technology driving tangible advancements in Parkinson’s disease research and clinical care
In this new supplement to the Journal of Parkinson’s Disease experts report on how digital technology is being used to reshape research and clinical care in Parkinson’s disease
“Springing forward” affects early birds less than night owls, study finds
Genetic predisposition plays a role in individuals’ reaction to abrupt change in sleep schedule; findings could have implications for other situations
Study: Long-term prognosis for some patients with severe brain injury better than expected
Surprising recoveries months later may prompt physicians to delay life-support discussions
Occurrence of young-onset dementia
What The Study Did: This study included a meta-analysis that combined the results of 74 studies with 2.7 million participants to estimate how common globally dementia is in people younger than age 65. Authors: Sebastian Köhler, Ph.D., of Maastricht University…
Non-neuronal cells drive sex differences in early brain development
HUNTINGTON, W.Va. – During development, brain cells may find different ways to connect with each other based on sex, according to researchers at the Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine. The study, recently published in eNeuro , an…
NIH-funded study shows imaging after mild brain injury may predict outcomes
Presence of certain features on CT scans may guide follow up treatment
Sleep twitches facilitate motor cortex development in rats
Sleep twitches enrich coding of sensory information, lay groundwork for later motor functions
For concussion patients, CTs offer window into recovery
UCSF-led study matches brain imaging with prognosis, showing lingering impairment for some
Mechanisms to separately regulate synaptic vesicle release and recycling
Interactions of two voltage-gated calcium channels and a pump enable separate control of exocytosis and endocytosis at chemical synapses
How Micro-Circuits in the Brain Regulate Fear
Fear is an important reaction that warns and protects us from danger. But when fear responses are out of control, this can lead to persistent fears and anxiety disorders.
New UK Study Reveals Extent of Brain Complications in Children Hospitalized with COVID-19
Although the risk of a child being admitted to hospital due to COVID-19 is small, a new UK study has found that around 1 in 20 of children hospitalised with COVID-19 develop brain or nerve complications linked to the viral infection.
How micro-circuits in the brain regulate fear
Fear is an important reaction that warns and protects us from danger. But when fear responses are out of control, this can lead to persistent fears and anxiety disorders. In Europe, about 15 percent of the population is affected by…
NIH-funded study finds gene therapy may restore missing enzyme in rare disease
Results provide hope for children with aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency
First 3D simulation of rat’s complete whisker system acts as a tactile ‘camera’
Model gives rare insight into how rats use whiskers to actively sense their natural environments
New theory suggests blood immune and clotting components could contribute to psychosis
A scientific review has found evidence that a disruption in blood clotting and the first line immune system could be contributing factors in the development of psychosis. The article, a joint collaborative effort by researchers at RCSI University of Medicine…
SUV39H2: A direct genetic link to autism spectrum disorders
New research from the RIKEN Center for Brain Science (CBS) in Japan shows that a deficit in histone methylation could lead to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A human variant of the SUV39H2 gene led researchers to examine…
Autism can be detected during toddlerhood using a brief questionnaire
New research led by the University of Cambridge suggests that autism can be detected at 18-30 months using the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT), but it is not possible to identify every child at a young age who…
Autophagy may be the key to finding treatments for early Huntington’s disease
Autophagy disruption may be at the root of early cognitive changes in Huntington’s disease and is a potential target for disease-modifying therapies, report scientists in the Journal of Huntington’s Disease
Taking the brain out for a walk
A recent study shows that spending time outdoors has a positive effect on our brains
What does the sleeping brain think about?
Thanks to a unique system that decodes brain activity during sleep, a UNIGE team is deciphering the neuronal mechanisms of memory consolidation.
Mammalian-like hippocampal activity in a food-caching songbird
Tufted titmice – tiny songbirds with exceptional memories – process spatial memory using mammalian-like neural mechanisms, researchers report. Food-caching birds like the tufted titmouse are extreme memory specialists and can remember the precise locations of thousands of hidden food stores…
Guiding principles for work shift duration published by AASM and SRS
Key factors for determining shift length will help manage fatigue-related risks while meeting operational demands
High daily screen time linked to cognitive, behavioral problems in children born extremely preterm
NIH-funded study finds deficits in overall IQ, problem solving skills and impulse control
‘Neuroprosthesis’ restores words to man with paralysis
Technology could lead to more natural communication for people who have suffered speech loss
Metal-based molecules show promise against the build-up of Alzheimer’s peptides
In lab tests, Imperial researchers have created a metal-based molecule that inhibits the build-up of a peptide associated with Alzheimer’s disease. A peptide is a fragment of a protein, and one of the key hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease is the…
Think about this: Keeping your brain active may delay Alzheimer’s dementia 5 years
MINNEAPOLIS – Keeping your brain active in old age has always been a smart idea, but a new study suggests that reading, writing letters and playing card games or puzzles in later life may delay the onset of Alzheimer’s dementia…