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UrduIn the U.S., hepatitis A outbreaks are repeatedly affecting people experiencing homelessness or who use drugs. A 2017-19 Kentucky outbreak primarily among these groups resulted in 501 cases, six deaths. Vaccination efforts likely averted 30 hospitalizations and $490K in costs,…
Category: Research Alert
Does weight affect COVID-19 symptoms in individuals with mild forms of COVID-19?
Obesity is associated with severe outcomes among hospitalized individuals with COVID-19. A new study published in Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses indicates that overweight and obesity may also impact symptoms in patients with mild forms of COVID-19. The study included 522 adults…
Lung Ventilation after Death May Keep Organs Healthy for Transplantation for Hours
Article title: Rapid postmortem ventilation improves donor lung viability by extending the tolerable warm ischemic time after cardiac death in mice Authors: Junyi Yu, Che Xu, Janet S. Lee, Jonathan K. Alder, Zongmei Wen, Guifang Wang, Agustin Alejandro Gil Silva,…
Researchers ID Protein as Possible Target for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment
Article title: Nrf2 expression in pancreatic stellate cells promotes progression of cancer Authors: Yu Tanaka, Shin Hamada, Ryotaro Matsumoto, Keiko Taguchi, Masayuki Yamamoto, Atsushi Masamune From the authors: “These results demonstrate that Nrf2 actively contributes to the function of [pancreatic…
Mom’s Pregnancy Diet and Low Birth Weight Can Impact Kidney Size at Birth, But Not in Adulthood
Article title: Podocyte endowment and the impact of adult body size on kidney health Authors: Luise A. Cullen-McEwen, James van der Wolde, Kotaro Haruhara, Leon Tribolet, John P. Dowling, Michael G. Bertram, Robert de Matteo, Fabian Haas, Jan Czogalla, Yusuke…
Researchers Look to Deleted Mitochondrial Protein to Treat Heart Disease
Article title: Loss of the mitochondrial phosphate carrier SLC25A3 induces remodeling of the cardiac mitochondrial protein acylome Authors: Jessica N. Peoples, Nasab Ghazal, Duc M. Duong, Katherine R. Hardin, Janet R. Manning, Nicholas T. Seyfried, Victor Faundez, Jennifer Q. Kwong…
Blocking Protein in Mouse Lung Cells May Prevent or Heal Lung Injury
Article title: Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b Authors: Ian Rochford, Jagdish Chandra Joshi, Sheikh Rayees, Mumtaz Anwar, Md Zahid Akhter, Lakshmi Yalagala, Somenath Banerjee, Dolly Mehta From the authors: “Owing to…
Nurturing quantum computers: Error-protected qubits in a silicon photonic chip
Quantum states of particles are very fragile. The quantum bits, or qubits, that underpin quantum computing pick up errors very easily and are damaged by the environment of the everyday world. Fortunately, we know in principle how to correct for…
Special Issue of ‘The Anatomical Record’ Explores Blind Snakes
This month’s Special Issue of The Anatomical Record explores the extraordinary subterranean world of scolecophidians (aka. “blind snakes”). This issue was organized, in part, to honor the accomplishments of noted herpetologist Richard Thomas and the seminal findings he has had…
Ways That Mental Health Professionals Can Encourage COVID-19 Vaccination
Article PDF EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2021 Media advisory: The full article is linked to this news release. Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at…
Effect of Probiotics on Incident Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients
Original Investigation September 21, 2021 Effect of Probiotics on Incident Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients A Randomized Clinical Trial Author Affiliations Article Information JAMA. 2021;326(11):1024-1033. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.13355 visual abstract icon Visual Abstract Key Points Question Does the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)…
Healthcare professionals are important communicators for addressing climate change
An article published in the Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health notes that medical and healthcare professionals are in a unique position to speak to patients and the broader community about the impact of climate change on health and wellbeing.The authors provide several…
Spending time outside and getting quality sleep may promote wellbeing during COVID-19 restrictions
For many individuals, restrictions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically altered daily routines and limited time spent outdoors. In a study published in the Journal of Sleep Research that included 7,517 adults from many countries who were surveyed during the 2020 COVID-19…
A Wearable, Flexible Skin Patch (No Fingerstick) for Glucose Monitoring
A physician and nanoengineers at UC San Diego have successfully tested a noninvasive skin patch prototype that monitors blood glucose levels, a daily requirement for many persons with diabetes. The patch is thin, lightweight, easily applied and removed, and works…
Hospital AI Learns to Say ‘I Don’t Know’
Sepsis occurs when the body works so hard to fight an infection that the immune system injures the patient’s own tissues. Detecting sepsis early and delivering antibiotics promptly is key to saving lives. UC San Diego Health researchers developed an…
Mechanistic Effects of Resistance Exercise on Cancer-induced Muscle Atrophy
Muscle atrophy is a hallmark of cancer cachexia, a complex multifactorial wasting disease highly associated with mortality. In recent years, we have learned a lot about the protective effects of exercise during cancer. Resistance exercise is now recognized as a…
Privacy and artificial intelligence: challenges for protecting health information in a new era
Abstract Background Advances in healthcare artificial intelligence (AI) are occurring rapidly and there is a growing discussion about managing its development. Many AI technologies end up owned and controlled by private entities. The nature of the implementation of AI could…
Researchers at UC San Diego Identify the Skin’s Master Regulator
Researchers led by George Sen, PhD, associate professor of dermatology and cellular and molecular medicine at UC San Diego School of Medicine, have identified the master regulator controlling the expression of genes regulating how the epidermis attaches to the underlying…
Preemptive Therapy for Infants Showing Early Signs of Autism
JAMA PediatricsOriginal Investigation Effect of Preemptive Intervention on Developmental Outcomes Among Infants Showing Early Signs of Autism Article PDF JAMA Pediatrics EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 2021 Media advisory: The full study is linked to this…
COVID-19 Pandemic Hastens Cleveland Clinic’s Unified Well-Being Strategy
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a catalyst for shaping a new future in healthcare. At the Cleveland Clinic, top priorities throughout the pandemic have been to support caregivers professionally and personally and to help them be their best for themselves, their fellow caregivers, patients, organizations, and communities.
Cancer Risk After Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Hyperthyroidism
JAMA Network OpenOriginal Investigation Cancer Risk After Radioactive Iodine Treatment for Hyperthyroidism Article PDF JAMA Network OpenInvited Commentary Radioactive Iodine Treatment in Hyperthyroidism and Cancer Mortality—A Still Controversial Issue Article PDF JAMA Network Open EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M.…
Can space-based technologies help manage and prevent pandemics?
All professions are exploring innovative approaches to mitigate the challenges of COVID-19. Space stakeholders have long recognized their potential to help population health. The United Nations Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space held in 1999 made…
New Research Looks at the Growing Acceptance of Cannabis
New research offers how cannabis can replace the “bad” associations to draw more attention to policymakers and consumers. This research is from Ashlee Humphreys, associate professor of marketing at Kellogg School of Management, and her colleagues in the Journal of Consumer…
Common cause of pelvic pain: Intestinal endometriosis
Deep infiltrating endometriosis with bowel involvement has been estimated to occur in 8% to 12% of women with endometriosis. In more than 90% of the cases, bowel lesions affect the rectum and distal sigmoid colon. A large study published in…
How High Do We Go?
Inferior Mesenteric Artery Versus Superior Rectal Artery Ligation This study, which was published in the October 2021 issues of DISEASES OF THE COLON AND RECTUM, was conducted at 6 tertiary referral centers in the United States (Emory University, University of…
Taking a Break from Dieting Reduces Hunger, Increases Adherence to Diet with No Detriment to Fat or Weight Loss
A sustained energy deficit with restricted food intake and increased physical activity is accepted as a reliable means to reduce body weight and body fat. However, most individuals find maintaining adherence to these conditions difficult in the face of increasing…
What Factors Put Runners at Risk for Exertional Heat Stroke During a Marathon?
Exertional heat stroke (EHS) can develop in participants at running events. A runner with EHS overheats beyond their capacity to cool and can suffer organ damage, and even death, if not rapidly cooled. Understanding the factors that may lead to…
Supported Communication Video Training for the Nursing Department in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Hospital
Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to develop a valid educational intervention to improve knowledge and confidence using communication strategies when interacting with a person with aphasia. Design A quantitative, nonrandomized pretest/posttest research study was performed. Methods Pre-…
Grief and Loss Among Veterans With Spinal Cord Injury: A Qualitative Study
Abstract Purpose The objective of this study was to understand veteran perspectives of grief/loss associated with their spinal cord injury (SCI). Design/Methods Qualitative descriptive design using semistructured interviews with veterans with SCI (n = 15) was performed using interview questions informed…
Graphic Representation of Hourly Activity Counts May Identify Discharge Outcomes for Older Adults After Critical Illness
Abstract Purpose After transitioning from an intensive care unit (ICU), hospitalized older adults are inactive, which may affect discharge outcomes. We examined trends between post-ICU hourly activity counts and discharge disposition among hospitalized older ICU survivors. Design A prospective, exploratory…
Patterns in the Pandemic Decline of Public School Enrollment
Abstract Early evidence indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic sharply reduced public school enrollment in many states. However, little is known about the underlying patterns of these declines. Using new district-level data from Massachusetts, we find that these declines were concentrated…
Nurse Poll Suggests New Clinical Standards Cause Patient Harm
Drug titration is the process of adjusting the dose of a medication for maximum benefit. A pair of published surveys suggest the majority of responding nurses say mandated changes in management standards have negatively impacted their ability to do their…
Researchers ID Protein Complex That Plays Important Role in Kidneys’ Water Balance Pathways
Article title: Actin-related protein 2/3 complex plays a critical role in the aquaporin-2 exocytotic pathway Authors: Chen-Chung Steven Liu, Pui Wen Cheung, Anupama Dinesh, Noah Baylor, Theodor C. Paunescu, Anil V. Nair, Richard Bouley, Dennis Brown From the authors: “In…
MitoQ Antioxidant Prevents Sepsis-induced Diaphragm Weakness in Mice
Article title: Mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ) prevents sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction Authors: Gerald S. Supinski, Elizabeth A. Schroder, Lin Wang, Andrew J. Morris, Leigh Ann P. Callahan From the authors: “This is the first study to show that mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ), a…
Researchers ID Congenital Heart Defect Gene Variants in People of Han Chinese Ethnicity
Article title: Identification of variants of ISL1 gene promoter and cellular functions in isolated ventricular septal defects Authors: Si-Qiang Zheng, Huan-Xin Chen, Xiao-Cheng Liu, Qin Yang, Guo-Wei He From the authors: “This study may provide new insights into the role…
Protein Inhibitor May Lead to New Treatment for Low Oxygen Associated with Sleep Apnea
Article title: Lysine demethylase KDM6B regulates HIF-1α mediated systemic and cellular responses to intermittent hypoxia Authors: Jayasri Nanduri, Ning Wang, Benjamin L. Wang, Nanduri R. Prabhakar From the authors: “[The] current study demonstrates that pharmacological disruption of [Hypoxia-inducible factor]-1α activation…
Targeting Enzyme Pathway May Help Combat Age-related Muscle Weakness
Article title: Skeletal muscle-specific calpastatin overexpression mitigates muscle weakness in aging and extends life span Authors: Elizabeth A. Schroder, Lin Wang, Yuan Wen, Leigh Ann P. Callahan, Gerald S. Supinski From the authors: “These data suggest that diaphragm dysfunction in…
Exercise May Not Offset Genetic Predisposition for Low Exercise Capacity, Impaired Insulin Sensitivity
Article title: Genetically determined exercise capacity affects systemic glucose response to insulin in rats Authors: Michael Schwarzer, Annika Molis, Christina Schenkl, Andrea Schrepper, Steven L. Britton, Lauren Gerard Koch, Torsten Doenst From the authors: “In our model of [high capacity…
Parents’ Obesity Causes Heart Dysfunction in Male Rats Soon after Birth
Article title: Sex differences in the impact of parental obesity on offspring cardiac SIRT3 expression, mitochondrial efficiency, and diastolic function early in life Authors: Jussara M. do Carmo, Ana C. M. Omoto, Xuemei Dai, Sydney P. Moak, Gabriela S. Mega,…
Researchers Use Human Intestine, Liver Stem-cell Cultures to Explore Bile Signaling
Article title: Use of human tissue stem cell-derived organoid cultures to model enterohepatic circulation Authors: Sarah Elizabeth Blutt, Sue Crawford, Carolyn Bomidi, Xi-Lei Zeng, James Broughman, Matthew Robertson, Cristian Coarfa, Mary Elizabeth Tessier, Tor C. Savidge, F. Blaine Hollinger, Steven…
Scientists Explore Effects of Age and Hearing Loss on Frequency of Voice Response with Electroencephalography
Article title: Cortical compensation for hearing loss, but not age, in neural tracking of the fundamental frequency of the voice Authors: Jana Van Canneyt, Jan Wouters, Tom Francart From the authors: “In this study we investigated the effects of age…
Kidney Resident Macrophages Share Properties across Species, May Lead to Targeted Treatment for Kidney Diseases
Article title: Kidney resident macrophages in the rat have minimal turnover and replacement by blood monocytes Authors: Kurt A. Zimmerman, Zhengqin Yang, Jeremie M. Lever, Zhang Li, Mandy J. Croyle, Anupam Agarwal, Bradley K. Yoder, James F. George From the…
Gene Messengers, Rather Than Genes, May Provide Best Disease Clues
Genes can be expressed in different ways depending on how cells process their messengers, aka splicing isoforms. Genetic mutations can damage some splicing isoforms but not others. UC San Diego School of Medicine researchers found that splicing isoforms hit by…
Oxygen-delivering hydrogel accelerates diabetic wound healing
About one-fourth of people with diabetes develop painful foot ulcers, which are slow to heal due to low oxygen in the wound from impaired blood vessels and increased inflammation.
Researchers Develop Novel Analog Processor for High Performance Computing
Analog photonic solutions offer unique opportunities to address complex computational tasks with unprecedented performance in terms of energy dissipation and speeds, overcoming current limitations of modern computing architectures based on electron flows and digital approaches. In a new study published…
Secondhand Smoke Impairs Heart Tissue Cells and Vascular Smooth Muscle Constriction
Rockville, Md. (August 26, 2021)—Chronic exposure to an “environmentally relevant concentration” of secondhand smoke (SHS) impairs mesenteric arterial myocyte electrophysiology (muscle cells within heart tissue) and myogenic tone (constriction of vascular smooth muscle), according to a new study conducted in…
New Data Could Help Pinpoint Fluid Levels Needed During Surgery
Rockville, Md. (August 25, 2021)—The results of a new study indicate the anesthetic gas sevoflurane—which is commonly used during surgery to keep a patient sedated—causes the kidneys to save water and salts as opposed to when the patient is conscious.…
New Study Provides Structural Insights into How Cholesterol in the Brain Regulates Ion Channels and Alters Their Function; Findings Could Facilitate the Development of Therapeutics for Neurological Diseases
UNDER EMBARGO UNTIL 11am EST on August 24: Cell Reports Senior Author: Paul A. Slesinger, PhD, Lillian and Henry M. Stratton Professor of Neuroscience and Director of the Center for Neurotechnology and Behavior, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai,…
First of its kind study using multi-omics approach identifies large list of candidate genes associated with alcohol use disorder
New York, NY (Aug 20, 2021) – Researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have published the first study of its kind in the field of addiction genetics using a multi-omics approach to provide a large list…
GIS in the jungle: Experiential Environmental Education (EEE) in Panama
“GIS in the Jungle,” reflects University of Redlands Professor Monty Hempel’s legacy promoting Experiential Environmental Education (EEE). PanaMapping is an
“Environmental Design Studio,” a type of course which
Monty and his colleagues established at the University
of Redlands to allow students to practice their GIS skills
to analyze environmental problems and to develop solutions to environmental challenges outside the classroom.