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UrduIn a study using a first-of-its kind mouse model of aging that mimics breast cancer development in estrogen receptor-positive post-menopausal women, investigators at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and colleagues have determined that over-expression, or switching on of the Esr1 gene, could lead to elevated risk of developing estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in older women.
Category: Research Results
Clouds less climate-sensitive than assumed
In a major field campaign in 2020, Dr. Raphaela Vogel who is now at Universität Hamburg’s Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN) and an international team from the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique in Paris and the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg analyzed observational data they and others collected in fields of cumulus clouds near the Atlantic island of Barbados.
ZTF makes first discovery of a rare cosmic “lunch”
The universe can be a violent place. Stars die or collide with each other and black holes devour everything that gets too close.
Buprenorphine, Not Methadone, May Be Safer Treatment for Opioid-Use Disorder During Pregnancy
Researchers found that using buprenorphine to treat opioid-use disorder during pregnancy may result in better outcomes for the baby than methadone.
Controversial Alzheimer’s drug approval sparks surprising impact
When the U.S. Food and Drug Administration gave controversial accelerated approval to the first Alzheimer’s drug in nearly 20 years, it had a surprising impact on attitudes about research into the disease.
Landslide risk remains long after an earthquake
Satellite observations have revealed that weak seismic ground shaking can trigger powerful landslide acceleration – even several years after a significant earthquake.
New visual scale offers simple measure to help identify job burnout
Existing methods of identifying job burnout are lengthy and sometimes proprietary, but new research from the University of Notre Dame offers a faster and easier way.
Study: Managers exhibit bias based on race, gender, disability and sexual orientation
Newly published study work shows that managers are likely to express bias, particularly in implicit forms.
Subjective Cognitive Decline Linked to Higher Dementia Risk for Black, Latino People
Some people report a decline in their memory before any decline is large enough to show up on standard tests. This experience, called subjective cognitive decline, is associated with an increased risk of later developing dementia in white, Black and Latino people, according to a study published in the November 30, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
With High Costs and Similar Benefits, Use of New Neurology Drugs Is Low
A number of new neurologic medications for diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease and migraine have received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval over the past decade. However, with most having higher out-of-pocket costs and benefits similar to existing, less expensive drugs, only a small percentage of people with neurologic conditions are being treated with these new drugs, according to a study funded by the American Academy of Neurology and published in the November 30, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Research: Grape Consumption Helps Counter UV Damage to Skin
A just-published study by Dr. John Pezzuto of the Western New England University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences found that consuming grapes protected against ultraviolet damage to the skin.
Big Data Analysis Powers the Fight Against Alzheimer’s
New research findings published in Science Advances (November 2022), help explain the progression of Alzheimer-related dementia in each patient. The findings outline a biological classification system that predicts disease severity.
Who’s really driving conversations on social media?
Log on to your favorite social media site and you’re likely to see a slew of posts and opinions on controversial topics like social justice, immigration, and corrupt elections.
CHOP Researchers Identify Potential Genetic Variants Linked to Increased Cancer Risk in Children with Birth Defects
Researchers have identified several genetic variants associated with increased risk of cancer in children with non-chromosomal birth defects, such as congenital heart disease and defects of the central nervous system. While the risk of developing cancer is not as high as children with chromosomal birth defects, it is significantly higher than children with no birth defects at all, and the findings may provide a basis for early detection in these understudied patients.
CHOP Researchers Discover Genetic Variant Associated with Earlier Onset Childhood Epilepsy
Researchers have discovered a specific genetic variant in SCN1A, the most common genetic epilepsy, that leads to an earlier onset of epilepsy, with clinical features distinct from other epilepsies. The researchers also identified a potentially effective treatment strategy.
Researchers review impact of halides on electrochemical CO2 reduction
Halides hold promise for improving the performance of catalysts used in carbon dioxide conversion.
More needs to be done to improve uptake of interpreting services in primary care settings
People who do not speak English well often ask friends and family to translate for them when accessing their GP practice, finds a new study from the University of Surrey.
UCI researchers discover crucial role of brain’s striatum cilia in time perception
Irvine, Calif., Nov. 30, 2022 — Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have discovered that removal of cilia from the brain’s striatum region impaired time perception and judgment, revealing possible new therapeutic targets for mental and neurological conditions including schizophrenia, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases, autism spectrum disorder, and Tourette syndrome.
Clover’s vaccine candidate reduced household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in study
The study, a collaboration between Clover and the International Vaccine Institute, showed that a household contact was 84% less likely to get a SARS-CoV-2 infection when the infected household member had received SCB-2019 (CpG 1018/Alum) compared to placebo
Post-pandemic outbreak of drug-resistant fungus in Brazil owing to abuse of medications and full up ICUs
In Brazil, a group of researchers has reported the largest outbreak to date of COVID-associated candidemia caused by the same drug-resistant strain of Candida parapsilosis, a fungus that invades the bloodstream and can lead to death.
Experts boost activity of potential therapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer
Less than 20% of diagnosed breast cancers are designated “triple-negative,” lacking three types of receptors often found in other breast cancer types.
Researchers identify a new marker related to the dysfunction of the glymphatic system
A new study led by researchers from the University of Barcelona shows that wasteosomes —structures that act as containers for brain waste products— indicate a malfunction of the glymphatic system, a recently discovered system that is an important brain-cleaning mechanism.
Fear of Professional Backlash May Keep Women from Speaking Up at Academic Conferences
Women are less likely to ask questions during question-and-answer sessions at academic conferences. Research in Psychological Science suggests that this may be due to anxiety about how colleagues will receive their comments.
Nuclear popcorn: Heavy nucleus changes shapes at different energies
A research collaboration between Argonne and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill produced a paper that examines how the nucleus of nickel-64 reacts when exposed to energy.
Earthquake lab experiments produce aftershock-like behavior
Earthquakes are notoriously hard to predict, and so too are the usually less-severe aftershocks that often follow a major seismic event.
Scientists Link Rare Genetic Phenomenon to Neuron Function, Schizophrenia
UNC School of Medicine’s Jin Szatkiewicz, PhD, and colleagues conducted one of the first and the largest investigations of tandem repeats in schizophrenia, elucidating their contribution to the development of this devastating disease.
PET technology more effective than angiogram at determining need for coronary stents, bypass surgery
A new method for determining whether patients with heart disease need coronary stents or bypass surgery is more effective than the angiogram, which is currently used, according to research from UTHealth Houston Heart & Vascular.
Research reveals how a potentially fatal COVID-19 complication damages lung tissue
Mechanisms involved in the rapid, severe progression of fibrosis in the lung tissues of COVID-19 patients, a potentially fatal complication of the virus that damages and scars the lungs, have been uncovered by researchers led by UTHealth Houston.
Caregiving simulator advances research in assistive robotics
Caregiving robots would be transformative for people with disabilities and their caretakers, but few research groups are working in this space. A new robotic simulation platform developed by Cornell researchers may help more people enter the field.
Are we there yet? Time slows down on a crowded train
Testing time perception in an unusually lifelike setting – a virtual reality ride on a New York City subway train – an interdisciplinary Cornell research team found that crowding makes time seem to pass more slowly.
Going green in operating rooms reduces cost and improves environmental impact
Operating room (OR) personnel who rethink how they deliver surgical care to focus more on sustainability interventions could substantially reduce hospital costs and decrease their ever-growing carbon footprint.
COVID-19 impacts found in unexpected places
Researchers find correlation between medications in sewage treatment plants and hospital data
Gorgeous rainbow-colored, stretchy film for distinguishing sugars (video)
Researchers in ACS Nano report a kaleidoscope-like film for telling different sweeteners apart that displayed multiple colors when stretched by hand. When evenly stretched with a simple apparatus, the material enhanced the unique shifts in fluorescence intensity of 14 sugars tagged with a dye.
Designing better water filters with AI
Researchers in ACS Central Science report that artificial intelligence (AI) could speed up the development of promising water filtration materials. In a proof-of-concept study, they simulated different patterns of water-attracting and water-repelling groups and found optimal arrangements.
Researchers Identify the Role of an Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Gene in the Brain
Inflammatory response linked to amyloid plaque buildup
Three new biomarkers identified to detect consumption of emerging synthetic cannabinoid
A team of scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has successfully identified the urinary biomarkers of an emerging subclass of synthetic cannabinoids, called OXIZID, to monitor potential abuse.
Are Americans Eating Enough Whole Grains? It Depends on Who You Ask
Overall, Americans are eating more whole-grain foods than ever before, Tufts researchers report in a new study. However, the increase in whole-grain intake over the past two decades could be 39.5% or 61.5%, depending on which definition of a whole-grain food is being used.
Entrepreneurs Should Emphasize Expertise Over Enthusiasm, Research Finds
Many entrepreneurs believe the more enthusiastic they can be in their pitches, the more likely they are to get funding. But it turns out that being too emotive in a pitch can make investors feel manipulated and dissuade them from giving money.
Negative self-perception appears to self-perpetuate, researchers find
At the end of a bad day, how do you feel about yourself? The answer could indicate not only how your self-perception formed, but also how it renews, according to experimental results from a research group in Japan.
Engineered proteins: A future treatment option for COVID-19
COVID-19 has had a lasting global health impact that continues to challenge the health care system.
Retinal cells may have the potential to protect themselves from diabetic retinopathy
About one third of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) develop diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of blindness in working-age individuals.
New study finds deaths from firearms are reaching unprecedented levels
Firearm-related violence and suicides have been on the rise since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, but a new study published in JAMA Network Open is the first analysis to show both the sheer magnitude of firearm fatalities in the U.S. over the past 32 years and the growing disparities by race/ethnicity, age, and geographic location.
To track disease-carrying mosquitoes, researchers tag them with DNA barcodes
West Nile, Zika, dengue and malaria are all diseases spread by bites from infected mosquitoes.
Tropical wildlife follow the same daily patterns worldwide
How do animals in the wild use their time? A researcher at Rice University is part of a new study that shows what motivates the daily ramble of tropical populations.
Carbon ultrafine particles accelerate lung cancer progression
While it may seem common knowledge that smoking is bad for your lungs, if and how ultrafine particles present in cigarette smoke impact the development and progression of lung cancer remains unclear.
Ethiopian schools study suggests COVID has “ruptured” social skills of the world’s poorest children
School closures during the COVID-19 pandemic have “severely ruptured” the social and emotional development of some of the world’s poorest children, as well as their academic progress, new evidence shows.
Controversial Alzheimer’s drug approval sparks surprising impact
Irvine, Calif., Nov. 29, 2022 — When the U.S. Food and Drug Administration gave controversial accelerated approval to the first Alzheimer’s drug in nearly 20 years, it had a surprising impact on attitudes about research into the disease. A survey by University of California, Irvine neuroscientists has found news coverage of the FDA’s decision made the public less willing to volunteer for Alzheimer’s pharmaceutical trials.
Study Shows Paxlovid Can Safely Be Used to Reduce Risk of Severe COVID in People Who Are Pregnant
Findings from a Johns Hopkins Medicine research study published today in JAMA Network Open provide strong evidence that people who are pregnant and have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) can safely take the antiviral drug Paxlovid to reduce the possibility of severe disease.
Children don’t access scientific tools at home for discovery as much as they could
A study finds that a mismatch exists between the scientific tools — thermometers, magnifying lenses — parents know they have at home and the ones kids think are available. This mismatch could hurt scientific education at home.
Diet Can Lower Risk of Cardiovascular Disease By 10 Percent, Study Shows
Researchers compared the effects of three eating patterns on patients’ risk of experiencing a cardiovascular event within in the next ten years — the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and the Western diet that is typically low in fruits and vegetables while high in fat and sodium.