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UrduThe growing frequency and intensity of heat waves around the globe pose “a substantial, persistent ‘non-combat threat’” to military training and operations, according to experts in environmental, thermoregulatory and cardiovascular physiology.
Tag: Physiology
Bicarbonate Promotes Potassium Chloride Cotransporter Expression in Kidney Cells
Article title: Bicarbonate is the primary inducer of KCC3a expression in renal cortical B-type intercalated cells Authors: Mohammed Z. Ferdaus, Andrew S. Terker, Rainelli Koumangoye, Susan M. Wall, Eric Delpire From the authors: “KCC3a expression is stimulated in alkalemia. This…
Blocking Signals from Receptor Involved in Fat Metabolism, Inflammation Improves Fatty Liver and Insulin Resistance in Mice
Article title: Inhibition of GPR120 signaling in intestine ameliorates insulin resistance and fatty liver under high-fat diet feeding Authors: Takuma Yasuda, Norio Harada, Tomonobu Hatoko, Atsuhiko Ichimura, Eri Ikeguchi-Ogura, Yuki Murata, Naoki Wada, Sakura Kiyobayashi, Shunsuke Yamane, Akira Hirasawa, Nobuya…
Researchers Explore Role of MicroRNA in Development of Muscle Cells
Article title: MicroRNA control of the myogenic cell transcriptome and proteome: the role of miR-16 Authors: Seongkyun Lim, David Lee, Francielly Morena Da Silva, Pieter Koopmans, Ivan J. Vechetti Jr., Ferdinand von Walden, Nicholas P. Greene, Kevin A. Murach From…
Sex Differences in Fat Storage during Military Training Help Women Preserve Lean Mass
Article title: Sex differences in body composition and serum metabolome responses to sustained, physical training suggest enhanced fat oxidation in women compared with men Authors: Meaghan E. Beckner, Lauren Thompson, Patrick N. Radcliffe, Rebecca Cherian, Marques Wilson, Nicholas Barringer, Lee…
Researchers Find Age-related Differences in Lung Extracellular Matrix
Article title: Age-associated differences in the human lung extracellular matrix Authors: Maunick Lefin Koloko Ngassie, Maaike de Vries, Theo Borghuis, Wim Timens, Don D. Sin, David Nickle, Philippe Joubert, Peter Horvatovich, György Marko-Varga, Jacob J. Teske, Judith M. Vonk, Reinoud…
Gene Expression in Kidneys Is Regulated by the Microbiome in Sex- and Tissue-specific Ways
Article title: Commensal microbiota regulate renal gene expression in a sex-specific manner Authors: Brittni N. Moore and Jennifer L. Pluznick From the authors: “This report demonstrates that renal gene expression is modulated by the microbiome in a sex- and tissue-specific…
Exercise May Prevent Stress-induced Hypertension through Regulation of Brain-bone Marrow Interaction
Article title: Impact of exercise on brain-bone marrow interactions in chronic stress: potential mechanisms preventing stress-induced hypertension Authors: Thu Van Nguyen, Ko Yamanaka, Keisuke Tomita, Jasenka Zubcevic, Sabine S. S. Gouraud, Hidefumi Waki From the authors: “Our findings provide new…
Post-injury Intestinal Regeneration Enhanced by Calorie Restriction, Requires Autophagy
Article title: Intestinal epithelial autophagy is required for the regenerative benefit of calorie restriction Authors: Patrick A. Williams, Kaitlyn E. Naughton, Lauren A. Simon, Gloria E. Soto, Louis R. Parham, Xianghui Ma, Charles H. Danan, Weiming Hu, Elliot S. Friedman,…
Researchers ID Regulator of Microcirculation Cells during New Vessel Formation
Article title: T-cadherin is a novel regulator of pericyte function during angiogenesis Authors: Boris Dasen, Sebastien Pigeot, Gordian Manfred Born, Sophie Verrier, Olga Rivero, Petra S. Dittrich, Ivan Martin, Maria Filippova From the authors: “In conclusion, our data identify T-cadherin…
Researchers Look at Role of Potassium Channels in Sirtuin-mediated Cardioprotection
Article title: The cardioprotective role of sirtuins is mediated in part by regulating KATP channel surface expression Authors: Erkan Tuncay, Ivan Gando, Jian-Yi Huo, Gautham Yepuri, Natalie Sampler, Belma Turan, Hua-Qian Yang, Ravichandran Ramasamy, William A. Coetzee From the authors: “Overall,…
Lack of Intestinal Microbiota in Mouse Model Associated with Reduced Epithelial Cell Renewal
Article title: Absence of gut microbiota impairs depletion of Paneth cells but not goblet cells in germ-free Atoh1lox/lox VilCreERT2 mice Authors: Mohsin Hassan, Oriol Juanola, Stefania Huber, Philipp Kellmann, Jakob Zimmermann, Edoardo Lazzarini, Stephanie C. Ganal-Vonarburg, Mercedes Gomez de Agüero,…
Researchers Propose New Mouse Model to Study Gene Targeting in Kidney’s Thick Ascending Limb
Article title: A novel mouse model for an inducible gene modification in the renal thick ascending limb Authors: Laurent Bourqui, Denise V. Winter, Alex Odermatt, Dominique Loffing-Cueni, Johannes Loffing From the authors: “This study describes a novel transgenic mouse model…
Selenoprotein P Could Become Therapeutic Target for Muscle Loss Caused by Inactivity
Article title: Selenoprotein P deficiency protects against immobilization-induced muscle atrophy by suppressing atrophy-related E3 ubiquitin ligases Authors: Halimulati Abuduwaili, Kyoko Kamoshita, Kiyo-Aki Ishii, Kenta Takahashi, Tuerdiguli Abuduyimiti, Li Qifang, Yuki Isobe, Hisanori Goto, Yujiro Nakano, Yumie Takeshita, Hiroaki Takayama, Kenichi…
Caffeine Treatment in Newborn Rats Reduces Stress Hormone Levels
Article title: Periodic hypoxia, intermittent pain and caffeine in male and female neonatal rats: corticosterone, insulin resistance and hepatic gene expression Authors: Ashley L. Gehrand, Jonathan M. Phillips, Hershel Raff From the authors: “In our study, we observed a significant…
Women Have Less Age-related Decrease of Gray Matter in Brain than Men
Article title: Differential reduction of gray matter volume with age in 35 cortical areas in men (more) and women (less) Authors: Peka Christova and Apostolos P. Georgopoulos From the authors: “This study showed an overall decrease of cortical gray matter…
Experts available to offer advice and guidance on outdoor swimming as weather improves
Two world-leading experts from the University of Portsmouth are available to offer advice and guidance on outdoor swimming as the weather improves. While there are anecdotal claims of the mental and physical benefits of cold water swimming, world-leading experts say…
UT Southwestern Physiology Chair, molecular geneticist elected to prestigious National Academy of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences elected two more UT Southwestern Medical Center scientists in the fields of molecular genetics and physiology into its membership, one of the highest honors for American scientists. Russell DeBose-Boyd, Ph.D., Professor of Molecular Genetics, and Duojia Pan, Ph.D., Chair of Physiology and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, were elected by their peers in recognition of the importance of their scientific discoveries.
American Physiological Society Announces 2023 Award Recipients
The American Physiological Society (APS) is pleased to announce the recipients of the Society’s most prestigious and highly competitive awards. Awardees will be recognized for their achievements at the American Physiology Summit, APS’ flagship annual meeting, to be held April 20–23, 2023, in Long Beach, California.
Study Shows Primary Visual Cortex in Mice Is Highly Sensitive to UV-Green Color Contrast
Article title: Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described by random pooling from rods and cones Authors: Issac Rhim and Ian Nauhaus From the authors: “This study is the first to show that mouse [primary visual…
Interleukin-13 May Become Target for Treating Colon Pain
Article title: Sensitization of colonic nociceptors by IL-13 is dependent on JAK and p38 MAPK activity Authors: Katie H. Barker, James P. Higham, Luke A. Pattison, Iain P. Chessell, Fraser Welsh, Ewan St. J. Smith, David C. Bulmer From the…
Researchers Highlight Challenges of Studying Mice, from Noise to Facility Changes
Article title: Analysis of a genetic region affecting mouse body weight Authors: Connie L. K. Leung, Subashini Karunakaran, Michael G. Atser, Leyla Innala, Xiaoke Hu, Victor Viau, James D. Johnson, Susanne M. Clee From the authors: “The studies conducted in…
Chemotherapy Drug Increases Kidney Injury in Mouse Model of Lung Cancer
Article title: Lung cancer-kidney cross talk induces kidney injury, interstitial fibrosis, and enhances cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity Authors: Andrew Orwick, Sophia M. Sears, Cierra N. Sharp, Mark A. Doll, Parag P. Shah, Levi J. Beverly, Leah J. Siskind From the authors: “This…
Researchers Examine Dynamics of C. Difficile Toxins and How Leaky Gut Affects Toxicity
Article title: A leaky human colon model reveals uncoupled apical/basal cytotoxicity in early Clostridioides difficile toxin exposure Authors: Meryem T. Ok, Jintong Liu, R. Jarrett Bliton, Caroline M. Hinesley, Ekaterina Ellyce T. San Pedro, Keith A. Breau, Ismael Gomez-Martinez, Joseph…
Researchers Use Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry to Explore Circadian Gene Expression in Mouse Kidneys
Article title: Circadian gene expression in mouse renal proximal tubule Authors: Molly A. Bingham, Kim Neijman, Chin-Rang Yang, Angel Aponte, Angela Mak, Hiroaki Kikuchi, Hyun Jun Jung, Brian G. Poll, Viswanathan Raghuram, Euijung Park, Chung-Lin Chou, Lihe Chen, Jens Leipziger,…
Researchers Visualize Lung Alveolar Structure in 3D
Article title: Analysis of the alveolar shape in 3D Authors: Alex M. Reimelt, Dragoș M. Vasilescu, Richard Beare, Jonas Labode, Lars Knudsen, Roman Grothausmann From the authors: “This study provides a new method for the quantification and visualization of alveolar…
Researchers Explore Sex Differences in Cardiovascular and Congenital Heart Diseases in People with Down Syndrome
Article title: Sex differences in cardiovascular disease and dysregulation in Down syndrome Authors: Melissa L. Bates, Anastasiia Vasileva, Laura D.M. Flores, Yana Pryakhina, Michelle Buckman, Michael H. Tomasson, Lara R. DeRuisseau From the authors: “Based on the results of our…
Diabetes Drug Improves Kidney Function and Inflammation
Article title: Reno-protective effects of empagliflozin are linked to activation of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism and blunting of the complement system Authors: Xin Chen, Denis Delić, Yaochen Cao, Linghong Shen, Qin Shao, Zheyu Zhang, Hongwei Wu, Ahmed A. Hasan, Christoph…
Succinate Protects against Obesity, Metabolic Disease through Brown Fat Protein Expression
Article title: Exogenous succinate impacts mouse brown adipose tissue mitochondrial proteome and potentiates body mass reduction induced by liraglutide Authors: Rodrigo S. Gaspar, Jeany Delafiori, Giuliana Zuccoli, Victor Corasolla Carregari, Thais P. Prado, Joseane Morari, Davi Sidarta-Oliveira, Carina S. Solon,…
Mothers’ Obesity Damages Blood-brain Barrier in Offspring, Lean Foster Mothers’ Milk May Be Preventive Tool
Article title: Maternal obesity damages the median eminence blood-brain barrier structure and function in the progeny: the beneficial impact of cross-fostering by lean mothers Authors: Roberta Haddad-Tóvolli, Joseane Morari, Roberta Barbizan, Vanessa C. Bóbbo, Rodrigo S. Carraro, Carina Solon, Nathalia…
Researchers Use Colon Organoids to Explore Why Aspirin Protects against Cancer
Article title: Genomic and epigenomic responses to aspirin in human colonic organoids Authors: David Witonsky, Margaret C. Bielski, Jinchao Li, Kristi M. Lawrence, Ishmael N. Mendoza, Hina Usman, Sonia S. Kupfer From the authors: “This is the first study to…
Microvascular Impairment Caused by Chronic Estrogen Exposure Is Sex-specific
Article title: 17β-estradiol promotes sex-specific dysfunction in isolated human arterioles Authors: Gopika SenthilKumar, Boran Katunaric, Henry Bordas-Murphy, Micaela Young, Erin L. Doren, Mary E. Schulz, Michael E. Widlansky, Julie K. Freed From the authors: “To our knowledge, this is the…
Study Explores How Pressure in the Skull Affects Brain Blood Flow after Brain Injury
Article title: Contribution of intracranial pressure to human dynamic cerebral autoregulation after acute brain injury Authors: Sérgio Brasil, Ricardo C. Nogueira, Angela S. M. Salinet, Márcia H. Yoshikawa, Manoel J. Teixeira, Wellingson Paiva, Luiz M. S. Malbouisson, Edson Bor-Seng-Shu, Ronney…
Researchers ID Protein Crucial to Lung Endothelial Function, Could Lead to Targeted Treatment for Fibrosis
Article title: The matricellular protein CCN3 supports lung endothelial homeostasis and function Authors: Kalpana R. Betageri, Patrick A. Link, Andrew J. Haak, Giovanni Ligresti, Daniel J. Tschumperlin, Nunzia Caporarello From the authors: “Altogether, our results demonstrate that the matricellular protein…
Women with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes May Improve Vascular Insulin Resistance through Weight Loss
Article title: Impact of sex and diet-induced weight loss on vascular insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes Authors: Camila Manrique-Acevedo, Rogerio Nogueira Soares, James A. Smith, Lauren K. Park, Katherine Burr, Francisco I. Ramirez-Perez, Neil J. McMillan, Larissa Ferreira-Santos, Neekun…
Kids with Cerebral Palsy Have More Small Muscle Fibers, More Stem Cells in Contractured Muscles
Article title: Resident muscle stem myogenic characteristics in postnatal muscle growth impairments in children with cerebral palsy Authors: Ryan E. Kahn, Timothy Krater, Jill E. Larson, Marysol Encarnacion, Tasos Karakostas, Neeraj M. Patel, Vineeta T Swaroop, Sudarshan Dayanidhi From the…
Your Gut’s Microbiome, On a Chip
In APL Bioengineering, researchers describe how gut-on-a-chip devices can bridge lab models and human biology. Modeling the microbiome is particularly difficult because of its unique environmental conditions, but through creative design, gut-on-a-chip devices can simulate many of these properties, such as the gut’s anaerobic atmosphere, fluid flow, and pulses of contraction/relaxation. Growing intestinal cells in this environment means that they more closely resemble human biology compared to standard laboratory cell cultures.
Mathematical modeling links odor-responsive behavior, neural activity, and genes
Humans and animals detect different stimuli such as light, sound, and odor through nerve cells, which then transmit the information to the brain.
Coconut Sugar May Lower Blood Pressure, Artery Stiffness in Older Adults
A first-of-its-kind study finds a natural coconut sugar may help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by improving blood vessel health and managing high blood pressure. The study is published ahead of print in the Journal of Applied Physiology.
Review Offers Multisystem Perspective of Frailty and Stresses Need for More Research
Article title: Multisystem physiological perspective of human frailty and its modulation by physical activity Authors: Joseph A. Taylor, Paul L. Greenhaff, David B. Bartlett, Thomas A. Jackson, Niharika A. Duggal, Janet M. Lord From the authors: “In summary, frailty is a…
Omics and AI May Help Predict Lung Disease Risk in Premature Babies
Article title: Development of a peripheral blood transcriptomic gene signature to predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia Authors: Alvaro Moreira, Miriam Tovar, Alisha M. Smith, Grace C. Lee, Justin A. Meunier, Zoya Cheema, Axel Moreira, Caitlyn Winter, Shamimunisa B. Mustafa, Steven Seidner, Tina…
Researchers ID Protein as Mitochondrial Homeostasis Regulator
Article title: A20 binding and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-1 (ABIN-1)—a novel modulator of mitochondrial autophagy Authors: Rosetta Merline, Heiko Rödig, Jinyang Zeng-Brouwers, Chiara Poluzzi, Georg Tascher, Jonas Michaelis, Jaime Lopez-Mosqueda, Andrew Rhiner, Lisa Sophie Huber, Valentina Diehl,…
Researchers Explore Additional Pathways that May Contribute to Aneurysm Formation
Article title: Ecto-5′-nucleotidase (Nt5e/CD73)-mediated adenosine signaling attenuates TGFβ-2 induced elastin and cellular contraction Authors: Rolando A. Cuevas, Ryan Wong, Pouya Joolharzadeh, William J. Moorhead III, Claire C. Chu, Jack Callahan IV, Alex Crane, Camille K. Boufford, Angelina M. Parise, Aneesha…
Fatty Acid May Be Useful in Preventing Kidney Fibrosis, Treating Fibrotic Diseases
Article title: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid administration or soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition attenuates renal fibrogenesis in obstructive nephropathy Authors: Mi Ra Noh, Hee-Seong Jang, Fadi E. Salem, Fernando A. Ferrer, Jinu Kim, Babu J. Padanilam From the authors: “Our findings provide a…
Tissue- and Cell-specific Properties of Specialized Cells Affect How Quickly Tumors Form in Intestinal Cancer
Article title: Tissue and cell specific properties of enterochromaffin cells affect the fate of tumorigenesis toward non-endocrine adenocarcinoma of the small intestine Authors: Yoshitatsu Sei, Jianying Feng, Xilin Zhao, Pradeep Dagur, J. Philip McCoy, Juanita L. Merchant, Stephen A. Wank…
Researchers ID Protein Involved in Regulating Gastrointestinal Function
Article title: Proteolipid protein 1 is involved in the regulation of intestinal motility and barrier function in the mouse Authors: Crystal Woods, Amanda R. Flockton, Laurie E. Wallace, Catherine M. Keenan, Wendy B. Macklin, Keith A. Sharkey, Jaime Belkind-Gerson From…
F1 driver seat ‘avatar’ has potential to improve comfort and performance
Formula 1 team Williams Racing has partnered with University experts to develop the first-known driver seat using pioneering biomechanics technology
Researchers Identify How HIV/Hepatitis Drug Harms the Kidneys
A first-of-its-kind study identifies mechanisms that explain how a drug commonly used to treat HIV and hepatitis causes kidney disease and kidney injury. The study is published ahead of print in Function.
Researchers ID Kidney Pathway Involved with Autoimmune-related Hypertension in Female Mice
Article title: Renal TLR-7/ TNF-α pathway as a potential female-specific mechanism in the pathogenesis of autoimmune-induced hypertension Authors: Sarika Chaudhari, Bradley M. D’Souza, Jessica Y. Morales, Cassandra M. Young-Stubbs, Caroline G. Shimoura, Rong Ma, Keisa W. Mathis From the authors:…
Study Evaluates Neural Network Involvement in PTSD
Article title: The brain landscape of the two-hit model of posttraumatic stress disorder Authors: Lisa M. James, Brian E. Engdahl, Peka Christova, Scott M. Lewis, and Apostolos P. Georgopoulos From the authors: “The present study provides a novel contribution by…