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UrduNew research presented during the 2024 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) reveals a new machine learning model that could change the way metastatic breast cancer is treated in the future. By combining clinical and genomic data, physician-scientists from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) developed a tool that could help improve predictions of how people with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) metastatic breast cancer respond to CDK4/6 inhibitors, a class of oral medications that control cell division and are often prescribed in combination with hormone therapy to treat this subset of patients.
Tag: Tumor
Brain tumors hijack circadian clock to grow
New research from Washington University in St. Louis shows that glioblastoma has an internal clock and syncs its daily rhythms to match — and take advantage of — the rhythms of its host. In this way, brain tumors grow in response to the host’s daily release of steroid hormones like cortisol.
Could a Key Protein Lead to New Therapies for Wilms Tumor?
By most accounts, Wilms tumor treatment is a success story. For those younger than 20 who develop this most common form of childhood kidney cancer, five-year survival rates are over 90%.But for the roughly 15% of children with Wilms tumor who relapse—or for those whose cancer does not respond to treatment—survival rates plummet.
Research reveals how fructose in diet enhances tumor growth
Dietary fructose promotes tumor growth in animal models of melanoma, breast cancer and cervical cancer. However, fructose does not directly fuel tumors, according to the study published Dec. 4 in the journal Nature. Instead, WashU scientists discovered that the liver converts fructose into usable nutrients for cancer cells, a compelling finding that could open up new avenues for care and treatment of many different types of cancer.
Unexpected findings in study of T cells considered front-line fighters against advanced melanoma
Yale researchers made an unexpected discovery—turncoat T cells that help a tumor evade other cancer-fighting immune T cells—in a study of patients living with advanced melanoma that was published Nov. 28 in Nature Immunology.
How Hypoxia Helps Cancer Spread
Scientists at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have identified 16 genes that breast cancer cells use to survive in the bloodstream after they’ve escaped the low-oxygen regions of a tumor. Each is a potential therapeutic target to stop cancer recurrence, and one – MUC1 – is already in clinical trials.
Lymph Node-Like Structures May Trigger the Demise of Cancer Tumors
A newly described stage of a lymph node-like structure seen in liver tumors after presurgical immunotherapy may be vital to successfully treating patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, according to a study by researchers from the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center.
UW–Madison researchers use AI to identify sex-specific risks associated with brain tumors
For years, cancer researchers have noticed that more men than women get a lethal form of brain cancer called glioblastoma. They’ve also found that these tumors are often more aggressive in men. But pinpointing the characteristics that might help doctors forecast which tumors are likely to grow more quickly has proven elusive.
Kazia Therapeutics Announces Presentation of Promising Phase I Data Evaluating Concurrent Paxalisib and Radiation Therapy in Patients with Solid Tumor Brain Metastases or Leptomeningeal Metastases Harboring PI3K Pathway Mutations
Kazia Therapeutics Limited (NASDAQ: KZIA), an oncology-focused drug development company, announced the presentation of data from a Phase I study (NCT04192981) evaluating concurrent paxalisib and radiation therapy (RT) in patients for the treatment of solid tumor brain metastases (BM) or leptomeningeal metastases (LM) harboring PI3K pathway mutations at the American Society for Radiation Oncology 66th Annual Meeting (ASTRO 2024), which is taking place from September 29 – October 2, 2024, in Washington, D.C.
Ovarian Cancer: Silent Killer
Ovarian cancer is often called the “silent killer”. Most of the time it has no symptoms in its early stages. By the time symptoms appear, the cancer may have already spread. This is why regular screenings are so important. Eugene…
Understanding Cancer Patients with Malnutrition and Metabolic Dysfunction
Cancer patients frequently experience metabolic dysfunction leading to severe weight loss correlating with a poor prognosis. Causes for this dysfunction include malnutrition and cachexia, a systemic inflammation affecting brain mechanisms regulating satiety and hunger.
A New Artificial Intelligence Tool for Cancer
The new approach marks a major step forward in the design of AI tools to support clinical decisions in cancer diagnosis, therapy.
The model uses features of a tumor’s microenvironment to forecast how a patient might respond to therapy and to help inform individualized treatments.
September 2024 Issue of Neurosurgical Focus: “Focused Ultrasound: Current and Future Indications”
Announcement of contents of the September 2024 issue of Neurosurgical Focus
Nanoparticles restore efficiency in exhausted immune cells killing cancer
A novel study led by Prof. Mira Barda-Saad and her research team at the Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences at Bar-Ilan University has unveiled a novel method to rejuvenate natural killer (NK) cells in the fight against cancer. The study, published on the cover of The EMBO Journal, addresses a critical challenge in cancer immunotherapy — NK cell exhaustion.
Targeting cancer with precision: neoantigen vaccines show promise
In an elegant fusion of science and medicine, neoantigen cancer vaccines are emerging as a formidable strategy in the battle against cancer. These vaccines, a testament to the power of personalized medicine, target cancer’s unique protein signatures, rallying the immune system for a precise and potent attack.
Meteorin-Like Protein Drains Energy From T Cells, Limiting Immune System’s Power to Fight Cancer
A protein called Meteorin-like (METRNL) in the tumor microenvironment saps energy from T cells, thereby severely limiting their ability to fight cancer.
UHealth Surgery Team Saves Young Man’s Eye
A multidisciplinary surgery team removed a bony tumor to help Joshua Harrison regain his vision without visible scarring.
Cancer Research Institute Awards Over $22 Million in Grants to Fuel Immunotherapy Innovations
CRI awarded over $22 million to leading cancer immunotherapy researchers in the 2024 fiscal year, amounting to 64 awards at 42 institutions.
CAR NK cells with CD28 costimulation improved cell persistence and antitumor activity
Adding CD28 costimulation to cord blood-derived chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (NK) cells targeting CD70+ cancers significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy and long-term cytotoxicity of the CAR NK cells, according to researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Obesity-cancer connection discovery suggests strategies for improving immunotherapy
The study reported in the journal Nature provides a mechanistic explanation for the “obesity paradox” — that obesity can contribute to cancer progression but also improve response to immunotherapy.
The effect of resting dendritic cells on overall survival in the hepatocellular carcinoma tumor microenvironment
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to have a poor prognosis even in the advent of new immunotherapy regimens. An area of growing interest in HCC is its tumor immune microenvironment. Classifying the immune microenvironment based on available genomics can lead to…
Factor Bioscience Successfully Defends Three U.S. Patents Covering Foundational Methods for Therapeutic Gene Editing
Factor Bioscience Inc., a Cambridge, Massachusetts-based biotechnology company pioneering mRNA-based cell engineering, today announced that the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has terminated three separate ex parte reexaminations of three U.S. patents owned by Factor.
Role of glioma stem cells in promoting tumor chemo- and radioresistance: A systematic review of potential targeted treatments
BACKGROUNDGliomas pose a significant challenge to effective treatment despite advancements in chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Glioma stem cells (GSCs), a subset within tumors, contribute to resistance, tumor heterogeneity, and plasticity. Re
Study: Surgical Intervention Improves Quality of Life for Patients with Acoustic Neuroma
Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine found that using an innovative surgical approach to remove an acoustic neuroma, a slow-growing, benign brain tumor, improved hearing preservation and quality of life for patients while also presenting excellent facial nerve outcomes.
Variations in “ancient” immune cells linked to patients’ survival in cancer
Researchers from the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (CSI) at the National University of Singapore (NUS), have achieved breakthroughs in understanding relapse after chemotherapy for a type of cancer known as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Study Sheds Light on Cancer Cell ‘Tug-of-War’
In APL Bioengineering, researchers used a breast cancer cell line panel and primary tumor explants from breast and cervical cancer patients to examine two different cellular contractility modes: one that generates collective tissue surface tension that keeps cell clusters compact and another, more directional, contractility that enables cells to pull themselves into the extracellular matrix.
Pancreatic cancer is difficult to treat. Nano-drugs hitching a ride on bacteria could help.
Many pancreatic tumors are like malignant fortresses, surrounded by a dense matrix of collagen and other tissue that shields them from immune cells and immunotherapies that have been effective in treating other cancers. Employing bacteria to infiltrate that cancerous fortification and deliver these drugs could aid treatment for pancreatic cancer, according to newly published findings from a team of University of Wisconsin–Madison researchers.
Moffitt Researchers Discover New Therapeutic Target for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
A new Moffitt Cancer Center study published in the journal Immunity offers insight into how lung cancer cells evade the protective immune system, potentially opening a door for novel antibody-based immunotherapies. Their study centers on a molecule called Jagged2, which plays a primary role in fueling the aggressiveness and immune evasion capacity of lung cancer.
Genetic analysis of rare, often deadly cervical cancer uncovers potential treatments
For the study, which involved patients from across the world, Yale Cancer Center (YCC) researchers at Yale School of Medicine (YSM) analyzed the genetic landscape of 66 tumors, the largest series of cervical NET ever reported in scientific literature.
Mesothelioma Protein Identified With Cancer Inhibiting Effect
Malignant mesothelioma is a very aggressive cancer with a very poor survival and limited treatment options. Thus, a deeper knowledge of the mechanisms modulating mesothelioma initiation and progression is critical for novel therapeutic strategies.
Immunotherapy targeting cancer fusion protein may hold key to treating rare liver cancer
Researchers from St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital and The University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center discovered two T-cell receptors in a single patient that recognizes the fusion and can guide T cells to kill all tumor cells carrying the hybrid protein in a mouse model.
LJI welcomes new faculty member Miguel Reina-Campos, Ph.D.
Cancer researcher Miguel Reina-Campos, Ph.D., has joined the faculty of La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) as an Assistant Professor to lead the Laboratory of Tissue Immune Networks. His laboratory at LJI aims to investigate the basis of CD8+ T cell tissue immunity to improve life-saving cancer immunotherapies.
New assay identifies clinically relevant gene fusions in pediatric tumors more accurately and efficiently
Researchers at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles report in The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics about a new tool that effectively integrates data from four fusion callers and identifies disease-related gene fusions.
New tumor spatial mapping tool will help clinicians assess aggressiveness of cancer and personalize treatment
Scientists have developed a new AI tool that maps the function of proteins in a cancerous tumour, enabling clinicians to decide how to target treatment in a more precise way.
Cancer drug shows promise targeting genetic weakness in some tumors, comments Virginia Tech expert
In an invited commentary, Kathleen Mulvaney, assistant professor with the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, talks about the potential of a new drug that has shown early promise in clinical trials for solid tumors by killing cancer cells that lack specific tumor suppressor genes.
Association for Molecular Pathology Publishes Best Practice Recommendations for Liquid Biopsy Assay Validations
The Association for Molecular Pathology has published best practice recommendations for validating and reporting clinical circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) or liquid biopsy assays and their related scientific publications.
A New AI Model Has Been Developed to Improve Accuracy of Breast Cancer Tumor Removal
Researchers in the UNC School of Medicine have developed an AI model that can predict whether or not cancerous tissue has been fully removed from the body during breast cancer surgery.
A combination of cancer inhibitors shows success in slowing tumor growth
An international team of researchers has demonstrated that a combination of inhibitors may suppress tumor growth and prevent relapse in patients with certain cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma.
Investigadores de Mayo Clinic publican hallazgos clave sobre proteínas celulares para determinar la eficacia de la inmunoterapia contra el cáncer de colon
Los investigadores del Centro Oncológico Integral de Mayo Clinic han identificado hallazgos clave que pueden ayudar a los médicos a predecir si un paciente con cáncer colorrectal avanzado se beneficiará de la inmunoterapia.
Pesquisadores da Mayo Clinic publicam as principais descobertas sobre proteínas celulares para determinar a eficácia da imunoterapia para câncer de cólon
Os pesquisadores do Centro de Câncer da Mayo Clinic identificaram as principais descobertas que podem ajudar médicos a prever se um paciente com câncer colorretal avançado será beneficiado com a imunoterapia.
LJI scientists harness ‘helper’ T cells to treat tumors
La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) scientists have published a pair of studies that show how we might harness CD4+ T cells while boosting the cancer-fighting power of CD8+ “killer” T cells.
Awake surgery for cancerous brain tumor brings referee back to the mat
After an awake surgery to remove a cancerous brain tumor, a Michigan man is living “more deliberately” than ever — officiating a high school wrestling state championship and participating in research for a potential cure.
Cancer cells rev up synthesis, compared with neighbors
Tumors are composed of rapidly multiplying cancer cells. Understanding which biochemical processes fuel their relentless growth can provide hints at therapeutic targets. Researchers from Washington University in St. Louis have developed a technology to study tumor growth in another dimension — literally. The scientists established a new method to watch what nutrients are used at which rates spatially throughout a tissue.
Microbubble Macrophages Track Tumors #ASA184
At the 184th ASA Meeting, Ashley Alva of the Georgia Institute of Technology will describe how attaching microbubbles to macrophages, a type of white blood cell, can create high-resolution and sensitive tracking images useful for disease diagnosis. Because of the attached microbubbles, the cells sent back an echo when hit with ultrasound, which is nonionizing and noninvasive and has great depth of penetration. This allowed the team to visualize the macrophages in vivo with high resolution and sensitivity. Visualizing macrophages in vivo could also provide a powerful tool for understanding immune responses and monitoring therapeutic efficacy.
AI Tool Predicts Colon Cancer Survival, Treatment Response
New AI tool accurately predicts both overall survival and disease-free survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis.
The model uses visual markers on pathology images to glean insights into a tumor’s genomic profile and predicts tumor behavior, disease progression, treatment response.
The new model could help augment clinical decision-making.
Because the AI tool relies on images alone, it could be particularly valuable for hospitals lacking the technology or expertise to perform sophisticated genomic profiling of tumor tissues.
Women in Medicine: Dr. Priyamvada Rai to Co-lead Tumor Biology Research Program
Priyamvada Rai, Ph.D., is the new Tumor Biology Research Program co-leader at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, part of UHealth – University of Miami Health System.
MD Anderson Research Highlights for January 11, 2023
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Research Highlights provides a glimpse into recent basic, translational and clinical cancer research from MD Anderson experts.
Researchers ID a Protein that Could Help Stop Cancerous Tumor Development
Article title: Decorin evokes reversible mitochondrial depolarization in carcinoma and vascular endothelial cells Authors: Thomas Neill, Christopher Xie, Renato V. Iozzo From the authors: “In conclusion, we have delineated a molecular axis focused on delivering prodepolarization signals to the mitochondrial…
Survival Is a Mixed Matter for Deadliest of Pancreatic Cancers
UC San Diego researchers discover that quality and mix of protein in a type of pancreatic cancer is the determinant of whether the prognosis is poor or very poor.
Lipid nanoparticles carry gene-editing cancer drugs past tumor defenses
As they grow, solid tumors surround themselves with a thick, hard-to-penetrate wall of molecular defenses. Getting drugs past that barricade is notoriously difficult. Now, scientists at UT Southwestern have developed nanoparticles that can break down the physical barriers around tumors to reach cancer cells. Once inside, the nanoparticles release their payload: a gene editing system that alters DNA inside the tumor, blocking its growth and activating the immune system.