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UrduFew questions have captivated humankind more than the origin of life on Earth. How did the first living cells come to exist? How did these early protocells develop the structural membranes necessary for cells to thrive and assemble into complex organisms? New research from UC San Diego has uncovered a plausible explanation involving the reaction between two simple molecules.
Tag: Lipids
Checking out the Boundaries: Milestone in Lipidomics Achieved
Results of the first phase of a Ceramide Ring Trial have just been published in the renowned journal Nature Communications, representing a significant landmark in the field of lipidomics.
Researchers Identify How Kidneys Protect Themselves from Too Much Phosphate
Article title: Endogenous activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in proximal tubule cells in counteracting phosphate toxicity Authors: Yusuke Katsuma, Isao Matsui, Ayumi Matsumoto, Hiroki Okushima, Atsuhiro Imai, Yusuke Sakaguchi, Takeshi Yamamoto, Masayuki Mizui, Shohei Uchinomiya, Hisakazu Kato, Akio Ojida,…
Under Pressure: How Comb Jellies Have Adapted to Life at the Bottom of the Ocean
UC San Diego Assistant Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry Itay Budin teamed up with researchers from around the country to study the cell membranes of ctenophores (“comb jellies”) and found they had unique lipid structures that allow them to live under intense pressure. Their work appears in Science.
Innovative Microscopy Demystifies Metabolism of Alzheimer’s
Using state-of-the-art microscopy techniques developed on campus, researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine have shed new light on the underlying mechanisms driving Alzheimer’s disease.
How Obesity Impacts Kidney Tubules in Mice
Rockville, Md. (April 17, 2024)—The lipids in kidney tubular segments (used to carry filtered nutrients to and from the blood) are unknown. In this study, researchers identified, counted and compared more than 500 types of fats. Significant compositional differences were…
8 Key Facts About Statins and Cholesterol
Statins can help lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart attacks, stroke and other heart and vascular problems. But they aren’t right for all patients, and they can rarely cause side effects. Cardiologist Melissa Tracy answers patients’ most frequently asked questions about statins.
One pill doesn’t fit all: cholesterol study reveals effects on lung function and brain size
The first study in the world to compare cholesterol-lowering medications on a range of diseases has good and bad news for more than 200 million people.
Cholesterol lures in coronavirus
New study shows that cholesterol aggregates can promote SARS-CoV-2 infection to help the virus invade cells
Researchers cultivate microalgae for biofuel production
A group of researchers at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in Brazil have grown microalgae under controlled conditions in a laboratory in order to use their metabolites, especially lipids, with the prime purpose of producing biofuel.
A Novel Mechanism May Be Effective in Patients With Severe Hypertriglyceridemia and Prior Episodes of Acute Pancreatitis
A novel type of therapy, known as ANGPTL3 inhibitor therapy, was effective in lowering triglycerides in certain types of patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) who had a prior episode(s) of acute pancreatitis. sHTG is a well-established risk factor for recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis. These high-risk patients were the focus of a phase 2 study that was led by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and sponsored and funded by Regeneron.
Novel organoid models to study non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Researchers from the Organoid group (former Clevers group, Hubrecht Institute) together with researchers from the Princess Máxima Center for pediatric oncology established novel human organoid models of fatty liver disease.
FAU Study Finds Low Salinity Can Work to Culture Popular Florida Pompano Fish
Less than 10 aquaculture farms in the U.S. have been successful in commercially raising and distributing the popular Florida pompano fish. A new study has determined the optimal salinity required to culture fingerlings (juvenile fish) from hatch to weaning under on-farm conditions. Researchers have shown it’s possible to grow this warm water marine species in salinities a low as 10 parts per thousand, which makes it more economic and easier for producers far from the coast to attempt Florida pompano commercial growth.
COVID-19 Fattens Up Our Body’s Cells to Fuel Its Viral Takeover
The virus that causes COVID-19 takes over the body’s fat-processing system and boosts cellular triglycerides as it causes disease.
Climate Change Could Lead to a Dramatic Temperature-Linked Decrease in Essential Omega-3 Fatty Acids, According to New Study
The effects of global climate change already are resulting in the loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level rise, and longer and more intense heat waves, among other threats. Now, the first-ever survey of planktonic lipids in the global ocean predicts a temperature-linked decrease in the production of essential omega-3 fatty acids, an important subset of lipid molecules.
IAFNS Announces Two New Summer Fellows to Study Lipids, Recycled Resins
Now in its second year, IAFNS Summer Research Opportunity Fellowship Program supports the next generation of scientists.
Moffitt Researchers Identify Pathway that Regulates Lipid Synthesis and Contributes to Tumor Survival
In a new study published in the journal Cell Reports, Moffitt Cancer Center researchers show that cancer cells in an acidic environment undergo lipid synthesis and accumulation. The team identified the key signaling molecules responsible for these changes and discovered that these alterations are associated with poor outcomes and disease progression among breast cancer patients.
Sweet! How Glycogen is Linked to Heat Generation in Fat Cells
University of California San Diego researchers, with international colleagues, describe how energy expenditure and heat production are regulated in obesity through a previously unknown cellular pathway.
Study Sheds Light on Mechanism of Liposome Accumulation in Tumors
Dmitri Simberg, PhD, associate professor in the University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy, released a new study of the effectiveness of different types of fluorescent labels used to monitor the accumulation of liposomes in tumors. The study was published on July 1, 2021, in ACS Nano.
Molecular Connections from Plants to Fungi to Ants
Leaf-cutter ants tend fungal gardens that convert lipids in leaves into lipids the ants can use for energy, building cells, and communication between organisms. New research has found that different regions of the ants’ fungal gardens were enriched with different lipids. This helps scientists understand communications between organisms in different kingdoms of life.
Shining, Colored LED Lighting on Microalgae for Next-Generation Biofuel
As biofuels continue to present challenges, microalgae are gaining momentum as a biofuel energy crop. In the Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, researchers show how a combination of monochromatic red and blue LED illumination on one type of microalga can enhance its growth and increase the biosynthesis of critical components, such as lipids, for microalgae feedstock development. The researchers focused on Dunaliella salina, typically extracted from sea salt fields and found in salt lakes.
Skin-immersion study shows serious damage after 12 hours in water
A new study from researchers at Binghamton University, State University of New York could change the way that medical professionals and scientists think about the long-term effects of skin immersion in water.
Dietary fats interact with grape tannins to influence wine taste
Researchers reporting in ACS’ Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry have explored how lipids –– fatty molecules abundant in cheese, meats, vegetable oils and other foods –– interact with grape tannins, masking the undesirable flavors of the wine compounds.
Making Heads or Tails Out of Phospholipid Synthesis
A team of researchers from UC San Diego, UCLA and the University of South Carolina has demonstrated how membrane-formation takes place in water from natural alkaline sources like soda lakes and hydrothermal oceanic vents.
Ambitious Project to Understand Cellular Evolution Underway
Project focuses on lipids (fat molecules) as the starting point to understand the evolution of eukaryotic cells, carrying implications for human health and disease.
Fat-Based Molecules are Key to Zika Virus Infection
Researchers from PNNL have helped colleagues at OHSU identify lipid molecules required for Zika infection in human cells. The specific lipids involved could also be a clue to why the virus primarily infects brain tissue.
Scientists Team Up to Create Spongy Droplets that Mimic Cellular Organelles
Taking a bottom-up approach to synthetic biology, UC San Diego chemists and physicists show that lipid sponge droplets can be programmed to internally concentrate specific proteins, host and accelerate biochemical transformations and control enzymatic reactions.
Biomedical researchers get closer to why eczema happens
A new study from Binghamton University, State University of New York may help to peel back the layers of unhealthy skin — at least metaphorically speaking — and get closer to a cure.
PECASE Honoree James Olzmann Investigates the Secrets of Lipid Droplets
Lipid droplets, membrane-bound packages of lipids, have been one of our cells’ least studied components. But recently, more scientists have begun probing the mysteries that surround them and finding fascinating results. James Olzmann, Ph.D., discusses how a protein on the surface of lipid droplets could be targeted to help treat cancer.
Scientists Discover New Clue Behind Age-Related Diseases and Food Spoilage
Berkeley Lab scientists have made a surprising discovery that could help explain our risk for developing chronic diseases or cancers as we get older, and how our food decomposes over time.
Lipid signaling from beta cells can potentiate an inflammatory macrophage polarization
The insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas unwittingly produce a signal that may aid their own demise in Type 1 diabetes, according to a study of the lipid signals that drive macrophage cells in the body to two different phenotypes of activated immune cells.
Researchers Show How Ebola Virus Hijacks Host Lipids
Robert Stahelin studies some of the world’s deadliest viruses. Filoviruses, including Ebola virus and Marburg virus, cause viral hemorrhagic fever with high fatality rates. Stahelin, professor at Purdue University, examines how these viruses take advantage of human host cells.