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UrduArticle title: LRP1 regulates food intake and energy balance in GABAergic neurons independently of leptin action Authors: Min-Chel Kang, Ji A. Seo, Hyon Lee, Aykut Uner, Won-Mo Yang, Kellen Cristina Cruz Rodrigues, Hyun Jeong Kim, Wenjing Li, John Nelson Campbell,…
Category: Research Alert
Flavored E-cigarettes Are Disrupting Your Airways More than You Know
Article title: E-cigarettes and health risks: more to the flavour than just the name Authors: Miranda P. Ween, Alex Moshensky, Leigh L. Thredgold, Nicole A. Bastian, Rhys Hamon, Arash Badiei, Phan Tien Nguyen, Kirsty Herewane, Hubertus Jersmann, Christine M. Bojanowski,…
Low Oxygen-related Inflammation Leads to More Platelets in Mouse Lungs
Article title: Platelet activation contributes to hypoxia-induced inflammation Authors: Cassidy Delaney, Pavel Davizon-Castillo, Ayed Allawzi, Janelle Posey, Aneta Gandjeva, Keith Neeves, Rubin M. Tuder, Jorge Di Paola, Kurt R. Stenmark, Eva S. Nozik From the authors: “Our data provide evidence…
Exercise during Pregnancy Protects Kids’ Future Health from Parents’ Obesity
Article title: Exercise during pregnancy mitigates negative effects of parental obesity on metabolic function in adult mouse offspring Authors: Rhianna Che C. Laker, Ali Altıntaş, Travis S. Lillard, Mei Zhang, Jessica J. Connelly, Olivia L. Sabik, Suna Onengut, Stephen S. Rich,…
Bone Marrow SPARC Protein Production Causes Fibrosis in Mouse Hearts
Article title: SPARC production by bone marrow-derived cells contributes to myocardial fibrosis in pressure overload Authors: Hannah J. Riley, Ryan R. Kelly, An O. Van Laer, Lily S. Neff, Shaoni Dasgupta, Catalin F. Baicu, Lindsay T. McDonald, Amanda C. LaRue,…
Study Explores Regulatory Role for White Blood Cells in Recruitment of Brown Fat
Article title: Thermogenic recruitment of brown and brite/beige adipose tissues is not obligatorily associated with macrophage accretion or attrition Authors: Nathalie Boulet, Ineke H.N. Luijten, Barbara Cannon, Jan Nedergaard From the authors: “A regulatory or mediatory role—positive or negative—for macrophages…
Increased Expression of PAK1 Enzyme Plays Role in Breast Cancer
Article title: Chemical carcinogen-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis is a potential model of p21-activated kinase (PAK1) positive breast cancer Authors: Emily L. Duderstadt, Sarah A. McQuaide, Mary Ann Sanders, David J. Samuelson From the authors: “Our finding of elevated [p21 activated…
Post-surgery Echocardiography Better Predicts Injury Severity, Scar Size in Mouse Model of Heart Disease
Article title: Post-surgery echocardiography can predict the amount of ischemia-reperfusion injury and the resultant scar size Authors: Yijun Yang, Giana J. Schena, Tao Wang, Steven R. Houser From the authors: “This improvement to study design could reduce the sample sizes…
Scientists ID Localized P2X7 Receptor as a Key to a Healthy Heart
Research in mice has found the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) to be a key regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism that enhances physical fitness. P2X7R is a channel that becomes activated in response to ATP, the organic compound that gives the body…
New study finds reinfection by SARS-CoV-2 in healthy young adults is common
MEDIA ADVISORY Paper title: SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and subsequent infection risk in healthy young adults: a prospective cohort study Corresponding Author: Stuart C. Sealfon, MD, Professor of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Bottom Line: Although…
Solvation-Driven Electrochemical Actuation
In a new study led by Institute Professor Maurizio Porfiri at NYU Tandon, researchers showed a novel principle of actuation — to transform electrical energy into motion. This actuation mechanism is based on solvation, the interaction between solute and solvent…
Heat Treatment Improves Glucose Intolerance, Insulin Resistance and Fatty Liver
Rockville, Md. (January 28, 2021)—New research shows chronic heat treatment (HT) mitigates glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and non-acholic fatty liver disease—also referred to as hepatic steatosis—in rodent models of obesity. There is currently no cure for fatty liver disease, the…
Multi-ethnic study finds diabetes complications differ across minority groups
Asian, Hispanic and Black people with diabetes differ in their development of complications like kidney failure and heart disease depending on their disease profile, according to a new study being published this Wednesday in the Endocrine Society’s Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. “Prior research on…
Wisconsin study is the first to assess neurostimulation for postoperative pain control.
Doctor Jacqueline Blank and colleagues from Wisconsin conducted a study titled “Impact of Auricular Neurostimulation in Patients Undergoing Colorectal Surgery with an Enhanced Recovery Protocol: A Pilot Randomized, Controlled Trial.” These authors presented a pilot trial of a novel neurostimulation device…
Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis after receipt of 1st dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
This JAMA Insights review provides clinical details of anaphylactic reactions reported to and verified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the first week of use of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in the United States.
Study Explores Changes in Liver Cancer Cell Metabolism in Response to Galactose Sugar
Article title: Global changes to HepG2 cell metabolism in response to galactose treatment Authors: Robert A. Skolik, Jason Solocinski, Mary E. Konkle, Nilay Chakraborty, Michael A. Menze From the authors: “Here we demonstrate that the metabolic poise in tumor-derived HepG2 cells…
COVID-19 Virus Causes Lasting Vascular Dysfunction in Healthy Young Adults
Article title: Vascular alterations among young adults with SARS-CoV-2 Authors: Stephen M. Ratchford, Jonathon L. Stickford, Valesha M. Province, Nina Stute, Marc A. Augenreich, Laurel K. Koontz, Landry K. Bobo, Abigail S.L. Stickford From the authors: “Using a cross-sectional design,…
Alcohol Use Interferes with Calcium Signaling in the Liver
New research in rats finds that exposure to ethanol (drinking alcohol) disrupts hormone-activated calcium signaling in the liver. The study is published ahead of print in the journal Function. One of the functions of calcium-mobilizing hormones is to regulate liver…
Educating Nurses on Supported Mirror Viewing for Patients After Amputation and Other Visible Disfigurements
One intervention that may affect the psychological well-being of patients who have suffered a visible body disfigurement due to surgery or trauma is supported mirror viewing. Although this is a first step in helping patients accept a new image, nurses…
Using the Preparedness Assessment for the Transition Home After Stroke Instrument to Identify Stroke Caregiver Concerns Predischarge: Uncertainty, Anticipation, and Cues to Action
Stroke survivors and their caregivers face enormous challenges as they transition from the IRF to home. As rehab nurses, we make every effort to educate caregivers about what to expect at home, but often they are unprepared to the role…
Extrinsic and Behavioral Fall Risk Factors in People With Parkinson’s Disease: An Integrative Review
As rehab nurses, we know that our patients with Parkinson’s disease are at high risk for falling. As patients’ balance and coordination decline and there are increasing limits on their functional activities, the risk becomes greater. Kuljeerung & Lach use…
Research examines choice screen auction implementation
Choice screen auctions give consumers the ability to select their preferred search engine on Android, rather than being defaulted right to Google’s platform. In this research, Michael Ostrovsky, Fred H. Merrill Professor of Economics at Stanford Graduate School of Business, examines choice…
Researchers, Talkspace team to study digital psychotherapy
Investigators at the University of Washington, Talkspace, a provider of digital services for mental health, and the organization Mental Health America will collaborate on two multi-year studies of patient experiences with mental-health teletherapy services. The research is part of $7 million in…
Viewing the human body as a machine in an effort to promote health turns out to be not healthy
New research out of Stanford Graduate School of Business indicates that when we’re encouraged to view the human body as a machine (a process called dehumanization) in an effort to promote health, we actually arrive at the opposite effect.
Why Older Adults Use (And Do Not Use) Password Managers
Password managers are considered highly effective tools for increasing online security. A study presented at the 2019 Symposium On Usable Privacy and Security surveyed a predominately young population about their use of password managers, finding several barriers to adoption and effective usage.…
COVID-19 Patients Have Impaired Mitochondrial and Metabolic Function
Article title: Mitochondrial metabolic manipulation by SARS-CoV-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COVID-19 patients Authors: Saima Ajaz, Mark J. McPhail, Keshav K. Singh, Salma Mujib, Francesca M. Trovato, Salvatore Napoli, Kosh Agarwal From the authors: “Our study identifies the…
Low Immunoglobulin G Antibody Levels Found in Severe COVID-19
Article title:Immunoglobulin deficiency as an indicator of disease severity in patients with COVID-19 Authors: Faeq Husain-Syed, István Vadász, Jochen Wilhelm, Hans-Dieter Walmrath, Werner Seeger, Horst-Walter Birk, Birgit Jennert, Hartmut Dietrich, Susanne Herold, Janina Trauth, Khodr Tello, Michael Sander, Rory E.…
High VO2 Max + Efficient Running Helps Elite Athletes Run Sub-2 Hour Marathon
Article title: Physiological demands of running at 2-hour marathon race pace Authors: Andrew M. Jones, Brett S. Kirby, Ida E. Clark, Hannah M. Rice, Elizabeth Fulkerson, Lee J. Wylie, Daryl P. Wilkerson, Anni Vanhatalo, Brad W. Wilkins From the authors: “In…
Vaping Disrupts Blood/Air Flow Matching in Asymptomatic Users
Article title:Vaping disrupts ventilation-perfusion matching in asymptomatic users Authors: Abhilash S. Kizhakke Puliyakote, Ann R. Elliott, Rui Carlos Sá, Kevin M. Anderson, Laura E. Crotty Alexander, Susan Roberta Hopkins From the authors: “Our data suggests that changes in pulmonary perfusion…
Olive Leaf Extract Inhibits Breast and Ovarian Cancer Cell Growth and Cell Cycle Progression, Increasing Apoptosis of Tumor Cells
Breast and ovarian cancer are two of the deadliest malignancies among women worldwide.
No Evidence Pets Play a Role in Spread of COVID to Humans
The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012, caused by SARS-CoVand MERS-CoV, respectively, demonstrated the zoonotic potential of coronaviruses.
Assessment of air contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in hospital settings
What The Study Did: In this systematic review of current evidence on air contamination with SARS-CoV-2 in hospital settings, the air close to and distant from patients with COVID-19 was frequently contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 RNA; however, few of these samples contained viable…
Detection of Blood Transfusion
Autologous blood transfusion is performance enhancing, and detection of abuse remains a major challenge in sports. To address this issue, investigators transfused a group of men with either blood or saline, and evaluated whether metabolites collected in urine before and…
BFFs: How Physical Exercise Impacts Brain Blood Flow, Memory after Paralysis
Thanks to advances in health care in the past several decades, more than 90% of people who have had a spinal cord injury survive beyond the first year. The focus now is managing the long-term impact of spinal cord injury…
Break Up Your Work Day with Healthy Stair Climbing Exercise Snacks
Sitting for long periods is known to have negative effects on metabolic and cardiovascular health. Building on recent work showing that brief bouts of vigorous exercise (exercise “snacks”) can improve fitness, investigators from the University of British Columbia in Canada…
New Year, New Weight Loss Program? Exercise More Important than Protein for Muscle Function in Older Women
In the U.S., most older women are overweight or obese, which can harm functional health like rising from a chair. Weight loss diets that are higher in protein are popular as they often cause greater body fat loss while keeping…
Social media and smartphone app use predicts maintenance of physical activity during Covid-19
Co-corresponding Authors: M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Agnes Norbury, PhD, Post Doctoral Fellow, both of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Bottom Line: During lockdowns (stay-at-home orders issued in response to the Covid-19…
Developing Smarter, Faster Machine Intelligence with Light
SUMMARYResearchers at the George Washington University, together with researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, and the deep-tech venture startup Optelligence LLC, have developed an optical convolutional neural network accelerator capable of processing large amounts of information, on the…
Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug-Delivery Systems: From the Development to the Current Applications and Challenges in Oral Drug Delivery
Approximately one third of newly discovered drug molecules show insufficient water solubility and therefore low oral bio-availability. Self-nano-emulsifying drug-delivery systems (SNEDDSs) are one of the emerging strategies developed to tackle the issues associated with their oral delivery. SNEDDSs are composed…
Blocking Calcium Channel May Prevent Calcification in Kidney Disease
Inhibiting the Kv1.3 channel, a potassium channel expressed in tissues around the body, including vascular smooth muscle cells, may help prevent uremia-induced calcification in people with chronic kidney disease. The study is published ahead of print in the journal Function.…
Study Finds Little Progress in Addressing Racial Disparities for Dementia Risk
While rates of dementia for the U.S. population have been relatively stable or in decline since 2000, rates for Black Americans remain disproportionately high, according to a new study published in JAMA Neurology. Melinda C. Power, ScD, director of the…
Counseling clients of color affected by COVID-19
An article published in the Journal of Counseling & Development examines how pre-existing racial and ethnic disparities, exacerbated by COVID-19, have negatively affected communities of color that tend to be overrepresented in lower socioeconomic groups, have limited access to health care and education, have an undocumented status, and work in jobs considered “essential.”
Working from home, job loss due to pandemic increasing sedentary time
The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed how and where we work and for many it’s left them out of work. In two separate studies, researchers examined levels of physical activity and hours spent sitting as well as in front of…
Noncompetes Stifle Workers: Concluding Research Forthcoming in Multiple Publications
The debate over whether noncompete agreements help or hurt employees is addressed in four research papers forthcoming in top journals and co-authored by management professor Evan Starr at the University of Maryland’s Robert H. Smith School of Business. The results, he says,…
Agreed-Upon Methods for Measuring Sweet Taste Would Advance Dietary Advice
Washington D.C. – In a Dec. 3 perspective in Advances in Nutrition, 11 nutrition researchers review existing measures of sweetness in foods and beverages to better understand the role of sweetness in health. They also call for developing more consensus…
Pediatric appendix perforation rate at children’s hospital during COVID-19 pandemic
What The Study Did: This observational study assessed the rate of appendix perforations during the COVID-19 pandemic at a children’s hospital compared with 2019. Authors: Rick Place, M.D., M.H.A., of Inova Fairfax Medical Campus in Falls Church, Virginia, is the corresponding author. To…
Timing of Food Intake Drives the Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure
Rockville, Md. (December 3, 2020)—Blood pressure (BP) in healthy people drops at night up to 20% lower than the daytime average in a process known as BP dipping. Nighttime BP is considered an important gauge of BP management. When BP…
What the dingo says about dog domestication
Worldwide, dogs (Canis familiaris) are certainly the most common domesticate (900 million according to the World Atlas) and are sometimes used as a proxy for human presence. Dogs were the first and therefore arguably most important species ever to be…
Satellite Stem Cells Required for Normal Muscle Response to Exercise
A new study in mice published in the journal Function finds that a lack of satellite cells—stem cells that become muscle cells—alters gene networks needed for muscle adaptation to exercise. Researchers performed RNA sequencing on mice that were exercised by…
First Report Card on Biosimilars in Oncology
SUMMARY Researchers have developed the first report card on biosimilars for three blockbuster cancer drugs marketed by Genentech/Roche: Rituxan, Avastin and Herceptin. In a Policy Review in The Lancet Oncology, Y. Tony Yang, a professor at the George Washington University…