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Month: April 2022
Setting the Stage for the 6G Era
Wrapping up the HKIAS Distinguished Lecture Series on Electronics and Photonics was Professor Chi Hou Chan, the Chair Professor of the Department of Electrical Engineering (EE) at the City University of Hong Kong (CityU).
Terrorism – A Threat for Urban Dwellers Be in the Know, Be on the Lookout for a Safe Society
Chula Political Science Lecturer alerts our society on the dangers of “urban terrorism” and the need to build a knowledge base for crisis management should an incident occur while also proposing that the government should invest in national security.
UTHealth Houston’s UTMOVE program receives distinguished Edmond J. Safra Fellowship in Movement Disorders
UTHealth Houston’s Movement Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases Fellowship Training Program (UTMOVE fellowship program) has been chosen by The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research (MJFF) as one of eight international academic centers to train a new movement disorder clinician-researcher — a neurologist with additional training and expertise in diagnosing and treating Parkinson’s and related diseases — as part of the Edmond J. Safra Fellowship in Movement Disorders Class of 2025.
AI Could Predict Ideal Chronic Pain Patients for Spinal Cord Stimulation
Spinal cord stimulation is a minimally invasive FDA-approved treatment to manage chronic pain such as back and neck pain. The ability to accurately predict which patients will benefit from this treatment in the long term is unclear and currently relies on the subjective experience of the implanting physician. A study is the first to use machine-learning algorithms in the neuromodulation field to predict long-term patient response to spinal cord stimulation.
Conservation on a Budget: Study Shows How to Balance Economic Development Goals with Environmental Conservation Using Freely Available Data
An international study published in the journal Conservation Science and Practice gives fast-growing nations a simple, inexpensive guide to inform planning and decision-making to help balance economic development goals with environmental conservation and human well-being.
New Report Highlights U.S. 2020 Gun-Related Deaths: Highest Number Ever Recorded By CDC, Gun Homicides Increase By More Than One-Third
A new report from the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Violence Solutions analyzes Centers for Disease Control and Prevention firearm fatality data for 2020—a year that saw the highest number of gun-related deaths ever recorded by the CDC and a sharp increase in gun homicides.
Johns Hopkins Students Create Lymphedema Early Detection Sensor
A sensor created by Johns Hopkins University graduate students to detect very early-stage lymphedema could spare thousands of patients a year, many women with breast cancer, from the painful, debilitating condition.
New study could help reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions
A team of researchers led by the University of Minnesota has significantly improved the performance of numerical predictions for agricultural nitrous oxide emissions. The first-of-its-kind knowledge-guided machine learning model is 1,000 times faster than current systems and could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture.
Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center Finds CAR-T Therapy Effective in Black and Hispanic Patients
CAR-T therapy, a form of immunotherapy that revs up T-cells to recognize and destroy cancer cells, has revolutionized the treatment of blood cancers, including certain leukemias, lymphomas, and most recently, multiple myeloma. However, Black and Hispanic people were largely absent from the major clinical trials that led to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of CAR-T cell therapies.
What Elon Musk’s Move Means for Stakeholders
Maryland Smith’s David Kass gives three takes on what Elon Musk’s Twitter deal means for stakeholders of Twitter and Tesla.
New insight in patient response to surgical disruption in life-saving hormones
Research by experts at the Universities of Birmingham and Bristol, published today in Royal Society Interface, shows cardiac surgery causes major dynamic changes in concentration of ACTH and cortisol, as well as their pattern of secretion.
Using novel mathematical techniques, researchers developed a model of HPA axis activity that predicts the physiological mechanisms responsible for different patterns of cortisol secretion.
New brain learning mechanism calls for revision of long-held neuroscience hypothesis
In an article published today in Scientific Reports (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-10466-8), researchers from Bar-Ilan University in Israel reveal that the brain learns completely differently than has been assumed since the 20th century. The new experimental observations suggest that learning is mainly performed in neuronal dendritic trees, where the trunk and branches of the tree modify their strength, as opposed to modifying solely the strength of the synapses (dendritic leaves), as was previously thought. These observations also indicate that the neuron is actually a much more complex, dynamic and computational element than a binary element that can fire or not. Just one single neuron can realize deep learning algorithms, which previously required an artificial complex network consisting of thousands of connected neurons and synapses. The new demonstration of efficient learning on dendritic trees calls for new approaches in brain research, as well as for the generation
Twelve-stroke engine
In recent years, Empa has worked with an external hydraulics specialist to develop a fully variable electrohydraulic valve control system. called FlexWork, which can be used for internal combustion engines and other thermal/pneumatic machines.
Two ERC Advanced Grants for Scientists of KIT
Double success for KIT: In its 2021 awarding round, the European Research Council (ERC) has decided to award an Advanced Grant each to computer scientist Mehdi Tahoori and physicist Alexey Ustinov. For their research projects in the areas of technical informatics and quantum physics, the renowned scientists will receive funding in the amount of about 2.5 million and 2.7 million euros, respectively, over the next five years.
Study finds that males are represented four times more than females in literature
Researchers at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering have utilized AI technologies to conclude that male characters are four times more prevalent in literature than female characters.
Study shows sharing behavior among young children may be related to their counting skills
A core aspect of fairness is the ability to divide resources impartially among others. Previous research has shown that fair sharing behavior is a skill typically learned between the ages of four and six.
UK wildlife watchers welcome ‘ecological refugees’
Wildlife watchers generally welcome species that have arrived in the UK due to climate change, new research suggests.
Global aid response on Ukraine too short-term, says study
International organisations and governments offering aid to Ukraine are not targeting their assistance effectively, according to research published in the peer-reviewed journal Public Money and Management.
Hype up fitness to support kids’ health post-lockdowns
As COVID-19 reaches record levels in the UK, health experts are calling for a focus on children’s physical fitness as new research reveals concerning changes to children’s health and physical fitness following the pandemic.
Virtual Reality Could be the Answer to Worker Shortages at Poultry Plants
The Georgia Tech Research Institute’s (GTRI) Agricultural Technology Research Program (ATRP) is incorporating automation solutions, specifically virtual reality (VR), into poultry processing to boost efficiency and enhance worker safety.
ASU Ranked No. 2 globally for UN Sustainable Development Goals; Ranked No. 1 in the United States for third year in a row
Arizona State University has been recognized as a global leader in sustainability efforts, coming in second in the world and first in the U.S. in the Times Higher Education Impact Rankings released Wednesday.
Scientists awaken viral response to target bowel cancer
New research has identified the role of the immune response within bowel cancer tissue, which could lead to new lifesaving treatments for bowel cancer patients.
Female Mice More Susceptible to Salt-induced Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction
Rockville, Md. (April 27, 2022)—A new study finds male and female mice with a novel mutation in the protein cullin3 that causes deletion of the coding region exon-9 developed salt-induced high blood pressure and renal injury. The effect of salt…
Argonne and Parallel Works win highest honor from Federal Laboratory Consortium for Excellence in Technology Transfer
Argonne National Laboratory and Parallel Works, Inc., won the 2022 Federal Laboratory Consortium’s (FLC) National Award for Excellence in Technology Transfer for their effort to bring Machine Learning–Genetic Algorithm software to commercialization.
Experts Provide Hope and Treatment Options during Infertility Awareness Week
Infertility is a common problem affecting millions of Americans. The National Center of Health Statistics estimates 1 in 8 couples of reproductive age has problems conceiving. Infertility refers to the inability to produce a pregnancy after 12 months of unprotected…
Solar energy is superior to nuclear for powering crewed mission to Mars, show scientists
No other planet in our solar system has sparked the human imagination more than Mars.
Threatened South American coati found roaming in a large city
You may assume that metropolitan areas are devoid of wildlife, but that is very far from the truth.
New research identifies blood biomarker for predicting dementia before symptoms develop
New research from NUI Galway and Boston University has identified a blood biomarker that could help identify people with the earliest signs of dementia, even before the onset of symptoms.
Decoy receptor protects against Omicron infection
They say that the best defense is a good offense; and now, researchers from Japan have found that the best defense against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection could be a good decoy.
Studies Find Increase in Use of Proton Beam Therapy for Cancer Care and Increase in Racial Disparities
Two new large studies led by researchers at the American Cancer Society (ACS) show an increase in the use of proton beam therapy (PBT) for patients with cancer in the United States during the past decade.
GW Law Expert Available to Discuss Conflicts of Interest of the Opioid Epidemic
WASHINGTON (April 27, 2022)—On Wednesday, Jessica Tillipman, a professor of law at The George Washington University, testified before the House Committee on Oversight and Reform on conflicts of interest in McKinsey & Company’s work for FDA and opioid companies. The…
The Medical Minute: Getting ahead of head and neck cancer
The warning signs of head and neck cancer can be easy to miss. But according to a Penn State Health physician, prevention is possible.
Fault-tolerant quantum computer memory in diamond
Quantum computing holds the potential to be a game-changing future technology in fields ranging from chemistry to cryptography to finance to pharmaceuticals.
Researchers scour Twitter to analyze public attitudes about COVID-19 vaccinations
Vaccination policy, vaccine hesitancy and post-vaccination symptoms and effects among top topics tweeted
Climate resilient microalgae could help restore coral reefs
Coral species exhibit different temperature tolerances.
News from the climate history of the Dead Sea
The lake level of the Dead Sea is currently dropping by more than one metre every year – mainly because of the heavy water consumption in the catchment area.
Media Advisory: Catherine Lhamon to Deliver UCI Law 2022 Commencement Address
Catherine Lhamon, Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights at the U.S. Department of Education, will deliver the keynote address for UCI Law’s 2022 commencement ceremony Saturday, May 7.
Researchers assess the power of T-cell immune response to Omicron BA.1 and BA.2
Scholars from HSE University and the RAS Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry have demonstrated the efficiency of T-cell immune response against the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2.
New study finds childhood abuse linked to higher risk for high cholesterol as an adult
A new study found risk factors for heart disease and stroke were higher among adults who said they experienced childhood abuse and varied by race and gender.
Study Finds Rate of Multiple Sclerosis Similarly High in Black and White People
The rate of multiple sclerosis (MS) cases varies greatly by race and ethnicity. A new study suggests that the prevalence of MS in Black and white people is similarly high, while much lower in Hispanic and Asian people. The research is published in the April 27, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Does Multiple Sclerosis Play a Role in Cancer Screening and Diagnosis?
Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are less likely to have breast cancers detected through cancer screenings than women without MS, according to new research published in the April 27, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Conversely, researchers also found that people with MS are more likely to have colorectal cancers detected at an early stage than those without MS.
Study Reveals Genetic Diversity of a Particularly Problematic Pathogen
Researchers at UC San Diego have used a systems biology approach to parse the genetic diversity of Clostridioides difficile, a particularly problematic pathogen, particularly in health care settings.
Langvardt discusses free-speech implications of Musk’s Twitter purchase
Elon Musk has a difficult and probably impossible task ahead of him, because free speech ideals aren’t well-suited to social media. Platform administrators — even those with strong libertarian impulses — wind up policing online speech.
UCI professor wins prestigious Robert Koch Prize for groundbreaking research
Irvine, Calif., April 27, 2022 – Philip Felgner, Ph.D., professor in residence of physiology & biophysics at the University of California, Irvine, is one of two scholars to win the prestigious 2022 Robert Koch Prize for fundamental contributions to the transfer of nucleic acids into cells. This pioneering technology for treating infectious diseases played a crucial role in developing the messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccines.
New research finds the risk of psychotic-like experiences can start in childhood
It has long been understood that environmental and socio-economic factors – including income disparity, family poverty, and air pollution – increase a person’s risk of developing psychotic-like experiences, such as subtle hallucinations and delusions that can become precursors to a schizophrenia diagnosis later in life.
Scientists Implicate Non-Cardiac Genes in Congenital Heart Disease
UNC-Chapel Hill, Princeton, and Boston Children’s Hospital researchers show how three transcription factors inside the embryonic heart recruit the protein subunit CHD4 for their role known roles in heart health and disease.
Using satellite data to help direct response to natural disasters
Researchers have developed a way to use satellite imaging data to create 3D images that could quickly detect changes on the Earth’s surface, a new study says.
Origin of complex cells started without oxygen
The origin of complex cells started without oxygen, new research suggests.
Before Stonehenge monuments, hunter-gatherers made use of open habitats
Study investigates habitat conditions encountered by first farmers and monument-builders.