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UrduArticle title: Effect of chronic alcohol exposure on gut vitamin B7 uptake: involvement of epigenetic mechanisms and effect of alcohol metabolites Authors: Kalidas Ramamoorthy, Subrata Sabui, Padmanabhan Srinivasan, Saleh Al-Juburi, Quang Pham, Brian D. Chu, Rita D. Simoes, James M.…
Category: Research Alert
Rat Model of Preeclampsia Gives new Insight into Immunological Changes during Pregnancy
Article title: Immunological comparison of pregnant Dahl salt-sensitive and Sprague-Dawley rats commonly used to model characteristics of preeclampsia Authors: Erin B. Taylor, Eric M. George, Michael J. Ryan, Michael R. Garrett, Jennifer M. Sasser From the authors: “The current study…
Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Rats Causes Long-term Increases in Offspring’s Blood Pressure, Impairs Renal Artery Vascular Tone
Article title: Vascular tone regulation in renal interlobar arteries of male rats is dysfunctional after intrauterine growth restriction Authors: Jenny Voggel, Lubomir Lubomirov, Felix Lechner, Gregor Fink, Eva Nüsken, Maria Wohlfarth, Gabriele Pfitzer, Kija Shah-Hosseini, Martin Hellmich, Miguel A. Alejandre…
Lack of DUSP5 Protein Leads to Pulmonary Hypertension and Heart Enlargement in Mice
Article title: DUSP5-mediated inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation suppresses pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy Authors: Bradley S. Ferguson, Sara A. Wennersten, Kimberly M. Demos-Davies, Marcello Rubino, Emma L. Robinson, Maria A. Cavasin, Matthew S. Stratton, Andrew M. Kidger, Tianjing…
Heparin-based Blood Purification Protects Baboon Kidneys in Severe Pneumonia, Sepsis
Article title: Heparin-based blood purification attenuates organ injury in baboons with S. pneumoniae pneumonia Authors: Lingye Chen, Bryan D. Kraft, Victor L. Roggli, Zachary R. Healy, Christopher W. Woods, Ephraim L. Tsalik, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, David M. Murdoch, Hagir B.…
Researchers Study Signaling Molecules Near Calcium Channels
Research published ahead of print in the journal Function discusses a new finding that A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP79), a scaffolding protein, causes the formation of a signalosome close to open calcium channels. A signalosome is a group of proteins…
Editors’ Choice—Quantification of the Impact of Chemo-Mechanical Degradation on the Performance and Cycling Stability of NCM-Based Cathodes in Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries
The use of solid electrolytes in lithium batteries promises to increase their power and energy density, but several challenges still need to be overcome. One critical issue is capacity-fading, commonly ascribed to various degradation reactions in the composite cathode. Chemical,…
Pinpointing where single-stranded transcripts converted into double-stranded RNAs
St. Jude scientist Vibhor Mishra, Ph.D., is homing in on the location where important processes in gene regulation occur, and where single-stranded transcripts are converted into double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs).
UNLV Alzheimer’s Researcher and Expert Panel Present First-Use Recommendations For Aducanumab
A group of six leading Alzheimer’s experts has convened to make the first recommendations for the appropriate use of aducanumab (Aduhelm, Biogen/Eisai), a newly approved treatment for early Alzheimer’s disease. The recommendations will help provide clinicians with greater clarity and…
Fraudulent Financial Reporting and the Consequences for Employees
In this research, Jung Ho Choi, Assistant Professor of Accounting at Standford Graduate School of Business (GSB) and Brandon Gipper, Associate Professor of Accounting at Standford (GSB), combine U.S. Census data with SEC enforcement actions to examine employees’ outcomes, such as…
So. California ECMO Consortium Supports Patients on Life Support During Pandemic
In March 2020, the Southern California Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Consortium was formed by four ECMO centers in San Diego. Led by UC San Diego Health, the consortium allowed for equitable provision of ECMO across the region and assessed more…
Gene “Waves” Drive Sperm Stem Cell Formation
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are essential for male fertility. Using a technique they developed called iSLAMseq, UC San Diego School of Medicine researchers identified waves of genes responding to a transcription factor that promotes SSC formation. This led the group…
Deterrence against terrorist attacks in sports-mega events: A method to identify the optimal portfolio of defensive countermeasures
Sports mega-events, such as the upcoming Olympic Games, are ideal targets for terrorist attacks, due to their visibility, size, and number of people involved. Sports mega-events differ from other well-studied counter-terrorism analysis due to the defensive measures being made public…
Automobile class society
Up to now passenger cars are classified by experts in each country into categories such as micro, small, middle, upper middle, large and luxury class. But this old fashioned method has limitations in terms of compatibility. Moreover, some crossover vehicles are difficult to categorize. Empa scientists found a method to do this sorting fairly and in an efficient way by browsing databases with machine learning methods.
New Evidence Prompts Further Concern for a Key Viral Tool Used in Gene Therapy
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) have long been a key tool used in developing potential gene therapies for a wide range of diseases. But a new study found that rAAV specifically targeted certain brain cells in adult mice, causing the cells…
What is music to the ears of clinicians looking after older surgical adults?
This meta-analysis found enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs in elderly patients can improve the following outcomes: delirium, urinary tract infection, pain control, and mobilization. In addition, return of bowel function, overall morbidity, and length of stay were improved.
Earthquake Threat! Understanding the Intention to Prepare for the Big One
How do people in high-risk regions for natural disasters, perceive risks and what influences their intentions to prepare? A new study, soon to be published in the journal Risk Analysis, investigates whether residents of higher-risk earthquake areas within the region…
A Rapid Smell Test for Detecting COVID-19
Loss of smell and taste is a common symptom of COVID-19. It may also be a quick screening tool for detecting COVID-19, say UC San Diego scientists after conducting a small published study comparing the use of scent cards and…
The U.S. ‘massively underinvests’ in science and innovation, expert warns
EVANSTON, Ill. — Ben Jones, professor of entrepreneurship and strategy at Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management, said in a new paper released today that there is systematic evidence showing significant underinvestment in science and innovation in the U.S. and…
Hearts and Minds: Linking Cardiovascular Disease with PTSD
PTSD is commonly considered a psychiatric disorder arising after exposure to severe psychological trauma, from witnessing a natural disaster act to experiencing violence, injury or wartime combat. But there is growing evidence that PTSD is associated with major risk factors…
Clinical Characterization, Prediction of Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among US Adults
JAMA Network Open EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), TUESDAY, JULY 13, 2021 Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release. Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link…
Equity and Vaccine Allocation: Beyond Ethics in Prioritization to Equitable Production, Distribution, and Consumption
In a new paper in Ethics & International Affairs, Binghamton University Professor of Philosophy Nicole Hassoun first considers existing proposals for equitable vaccine allocation focusing on the COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) facility. She then argues that to better promote…
MRI’s magnetic field affects focused ultrasound technology
A new finding prompts researchers, clinicians to consider this impact in future research and clinical treatment of brain diseases
Media Advisory: Pandemic leaves postpartum moms reeling
Hamilton, ON (July 6, 2021) – Mothers with postpartum depression have been left reeling by the COVID-19 pandemic, cut off from family, friends and healthcare services during repeated lockdowns. In this study led by McMaster University’s Ryan J. Van Lieshout,…
Protein Deficiency Impairs Muscle Clock, Mitochondrial Function in Muscular Dystrophy
Article title: Dystrophin deficiency disrupts muscle clock expression and mitochondrial quality control in mdx mice Authors: Justin P. Hardee, Marissa K. Caldow, Audrey S.M. Chan, Stuart K. Plenderleith, Jennifer Trieu, Rene Koopman, Gordon S. Lynch From the authors: “These findings suggest that…
American Journal of Medical Quality supplement explores innovative solutions to health care quality and performance improvement
July 2, 2021 – For health care organizations looking to improve performance and patient experiences, implementing data-driven solutions can be effective when focusing on addressing health equity and reducing patient length of stay. These topics are explored in selected member-submitted abstracts…
Fat Tissue Protein Signaling May Lead to Treatment to Improve Heart Health in People Who Can’t Exercise
Article title: Aerobic exercise training reduces cardiac function and coronary flow-induced vasodilation in mice lacking adiponectin Authors: Jacob T. Caldwell, Karissa M. Dieseldorff Jones, Hyerim Park, Jose R. Pinto, Payal Ghosh, Emily C. Reid-Foley, Brody Ulrich, Michael D. Delp, Brad…
New Brain-gut Signaling Role May Point to Targeted Treatment for Visceral Pain
Article title: Amygdala microglia modify neuronal plasticity via complement C1q/C3-CR3 signaling and contribute to visceral pain in a rat model Authors: Tian Yuan, Albert Orock, Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld From the authors: “These findings uncover a role of microglia-synapse signaling in the brain-gut…
Researchers Explore Potential Platform to ID Patient-specific Therapies for Cystic Fibrosis
Article title: Patient personalized translational tools in cystic fibrosis to transform data from bench to bed-side and back Authors: Kavisha Arora, Fanmuyi Yang, John Brewington, Gary McPhail, Alexander R. Cortez, Nambirajan Sundaram, Yashaswini Ramananda, Herbert Ogden, Michael Helmrath, John P. Clancy,…
Reduced Expression of Dual Oxidase 1 Enzyme May Contribute to Age-related Emphysema
Article title: Downregulation of DUOX1 function contributes to aging-related impairment of innate airway injury responses and accelerated senile emphysema Authors: Caspar Schiffers, Lennart K.A. Lundblad, Milena Hristova, Aida Habibovic, Christopher M. Dustin, Nirav Daphtary, Minara Aliyeva, David J. Seward, Yvonne M.…
Engineered Neural Networks Help ID Responses Associated with Abnormalities in Parkinson’s Disease
Article title: Early functional changes associated with alpha-synuclein proteinopathy in engineered human neural networks Authors: Vibeke D. Valderhaug, Kristine Heiney, Ola Huse Ramstad, Geir Bråthen, Wei-Li Kuan, Stefano Nichele, Axel Sandvig, Ioanna Sandvig From the authors: “In this study, we investigate the…
Kidney Injury Increases Oxidative Stress, Depletes Energy Production in Lungs
Article title: Lung metabolomics after ischemic acute kidney injury reveals increased oxidative stress, altered energy production and ATP depletion Authors: Sophia L. Ambruso, Hyo-Wook Gil, Benjamin Fox, Bryan Park, Christopher Altmann, Rushita A. Bagchi, Peter R. Baker II, Julie A.…
Researchers find there is no harm in masking-up during exercise
Dr. Matthew Kampert of Cleveland Clinic Sports Medicine and colleagues published findings today in JAMA Network Open that suggests there’s no harm in masking-up during exercise for most people. They studied twenty healthy people with an average age of thirty-seven.…
College Students Experience Significant Grief Reactions During Global Pandemic
A new study shows that colleges students are experiencing significant grief reactions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Rare neurological disorder documented following COVID-19 vaccination
In two separate articles in the Annals of Neurology, clinicians in India and England report cases of a rare neurological disorder called Guillain-Barré syndrome after individuals were vaccinated against COVID-19.
Organizational Resilience to Disruption Risks: Developing Metrics and Testing Effectiveness of Operational Strategies
This study draws from the system resilience literature to propose three different metrics for evaluating the resilience performance of organizations against disruptions: the initial loss due to the disruption, the maximum loss, and the total loss over time. The first…
Rehabilitation Nursing Challenges for Patients with Lower Limb Amputation
Amputation of lower limbs is often a consequence of vascular-related conditions such as diabetes and heart disease and there are over 185,000 amputations annually in the United States. This article discusses the significance and practice recommendations for three common challenges…
Chronic Illness and Fatigue in Older Individuals: A Systematic Review
Fatigue is experienced by 40-78% of older adults in the United States and often the origin of the fatigue is unknown. By reviewing twenty-two different articles, this study was sought to clarify some of the ambiguity behind fatigue and determine…
Burdens and Educational Needs of Informal Caregivers of Older Adults with Urinary Incontinence: An Internet-Based Study
Among individuals with a high level of physical and cognitive disability, urinary incontinence (UI) is very common and is seen as a burden to informal caregivers. This internet-based study was designed to describe the burden and educational needs of informal…
Emotional acknowledgment: How verbalizing others’ emotions fosters interpersonal trust
People often respond to others’ emotions using verbal acknowledgment (e.g., “You seem upset”). Yet, little is known about the relational benefits and risks of acknowledging others’ emotions in the workplace. In this research, Justin M. Berg, Assistant Professor of Organizational…
Fighting Bacteria that Exacerbate Eczema with Same Bacteria
In a new study from UC San Diego School of Medicine, researchers identified a unique strain of bacteria derived from individuals with atopic dermatitis, or eczema, that may treat their skin condition. Staphylococcus aureus has been strongly associated with eczema…
Association between childhood consumption of ultra-processed food, weight in early adulthood
What The Study Did: Researchers examined the association between the amount of ultra-processed food consumed by children and their weight in early adulthood. Authors: Kiara Chang, Ph.D., of Imperial College London, is the corresponding author. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For…
Organ Rejection Drug Rapamycin May Improve Cellular Health, Function in Myopathy Patients
Article title: Effect of rapamycin on mitochondria and lysosomes in fibroblasts from patients with mtDNA mutations Authors: Nashwa J. Cheema, Jessie M. Cameron, David A. Hood From the authors: “Treatment of [mitochondrial encephalopathy lactic acidosis stroke-like episodes] fibroblasts with rapamycin for…
Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 in an Asymptomatic Pediatric Allergic Cohort
Abstract: Disease-specific COVID-19 pediatric comorbidity has not been studied effectively todate. Atopy and food anaphylaxis disease states require improved characterization of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk. To provide the first such characterization, we assessed serum samples of a highlyatopic, food anaphylactic, asymptomatic…
System analysis of wildfire-water supply risk in Colorado, U.S.A. with Monte Carlo wildfire and rainfall simulation
Water supply impairment from increased contaminant mobilization and transport after a wildfire is a major concern for communities that depend on surface water from fire prone watersheds. This work demonstrates the importance of considering water system characteristics when assessing wildfire…
Assessing the Risk of Robbery in Bank Branches to Reduce Impact on Personnel
Although bank robbery has been declining over the last decades, there are still offenders willing to rob bank branches, even if economic benefits are small. The impact from bank robberies goes well beyond the direct economic loss with considerable human toll and possible psychological after-effects on employees, customers or police officers. Sometimes, the consequences are fatal.
Hepatic lipid signatures of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) and big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) at early stages of white-nose syndrome
Abstract White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emergent wildlife fungal disease of cave-dwelling, hibernating bats that has led to unprecedented mortalities throughout North America. A primary factor in WNS-associated bat mortality includes increased arousals from torpor and premature fat depletion during…
Using New Approaches to Screen Chemicals for Potential Thyroid Effects
The thyroid system regulates many important cellular processes of a baby’s development during pregnancy and metabolic processes through-out life. Understanding how exposure to chemicals can disrupt those processes is an increasingly important challenge for chemical safety decision makers. EPA scientists…
Collaboration controls killers
St. Jude immunologists are researching how effector and killer T cells can be controlled to destroy cancer cells that resist treatment.
Measuring Teaching Practices at Scale: A Novel Application of Text-as-Data Methods
Abstract Valid and reliable measurements of teaching quality facilitate school-level decision-making and policies pertaining to teachers. Using nearly 1,000 word-to-word transcriptions of fourth- and fifth-grade English language arts classes, we apply novel text-as-data methods to develop automated measures of teaching…