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UrduSeveral years ago, planetary scientist Lynnae Quick began to wonder whether any of the more than 4,000 known exoplanets, or planets beyond our solar system, might resemble some of the watery moons around Jupiter and Saturn.
Category: Research Results
New research says displaying fake reviews increases consumer trust in platforms by 80%
Many people are using COVID-19 quarantine to get projects done at home, meaning plenty of online shopping for tools and supplies.
Depression and anxiety rise among new moms amidst the COVID-19 pandemic
Pregnant and postpartum women are already at a high risk of depression and anxiety – one in seven women struggle with symptoms in the perinatal period.
Religion may offer protective role for black adolescent boys who experience police abuse
In the wake of the deaths of George Floyd, Rayshard Brooks and many more, a new study from the Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis finds that religion may offer a protective role for black adolescent boys who experience police abuse.
MMR vaccine could protect against the worst symptoms of COVID-19
Administering the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine could serve as a preventive measure to dampen septic inflammation associated with COVID-19 infection, say a team of experts in this week’s mBio, a journal of the American Society for Microbiology.
Overconsumption and growth economy key drivers of environmental crises
A group of researchers, led by a UNSW sustainability scientist, have reviewed existing academic discussions on the link between wealth, economy and associated impacts, reaching a clear conclusion: technology will only get us so far when working towards sustainability – we need far-reaching lifestyle changes and different economic paradigms.
The relationship between looking/listening and human emotions
A research team from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering and the Electronics-Inspired Interdisciplinary Research Institute at Toyohashi University of Technology has indicated that the relationship between attentional states in response to pictures and sounds and the emotions elicited by them may be different in visual perception and auditory perception.
Coronavirus: a wake-up call to strengthen the global food system
A new commentary in the journal One Earth highlights not only climate-related risks to the global food system, such as drought and floods, but also exposes the coronavirus pandemic as a shock to the system that has led to food crises in many parts of the world. To address the challenges of a globally interconnected food system, a systems approach is required.
Measuring a Tiny Quasiparticle Is a Major Step Forward for Semiconductor Technology
A team of researchers led by Sufei Shi, an assistant professor of chemical and biological engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, has uncovered new information about the mass of individual components that make up a promising quasiparticle, known as an exciton, that could play a critical role in future applications for quantum computing, improved memory storage, and more efficient energy conversion. The team’s research was published today in Nature Communications.
Study Finds Only 2.5 Percent of the World’s Coral Reefs Are Currently Being Actively Protected
A new global study has found that only 2.5 percent of tropical reefs are formally protected and conserved through laws and regulations. These numbers are significantly lower than previous estimates, and highlight an urgent need for governments, communities, and partnering organizations to create and expand marine reserves to protect these ecosystems which support more than 500 million people worldwide.
Researcher’s work a step toward “playlist” for testing neurological disorders
Psychologists and medical researchers for years have used familiar tunes to study brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, but they’ve never had a common set of songs to draw from. A new study by a neuroscientist at Missouri S&T may give those researchers a list of “greatest hits” to aid in their future studies.
COVID19 ANXIETY, JOB LOSS ARE LEADING TO WIDESPREAD SLEEP DEPRIVATION
The COVID19 pandemic is creating unprecedented levels of sleep deprivation, presenting a significant risk to our mental and physical health. Now, a new randomized controlled cross-over pilot trial published online today in Neurophysiology explains that high doses of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) are just as effective as caffeine in raising alertness in sleep deprived men and women. Importantly, this research is the first of its kind to show that hydrogen water and caffeine had an impact on different domains of alertness. Specifically, the study results demonstrate that; hydrogen improves orienting to sensory stimulation, while caffeine alters awareness and executive attention that refers to the ability to control our attention and ongoing cognitive processes, including thoughts and feelings.
Early clinical trial supports tumor cell–based vaccine for mantle cell lymphoma
A phase I/II clinical trial by researchers at Stanford University suggests that vaccines prepared from a patient’s own tumor cells may prevent the incurable blood cancer mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) from returning after treatment. The study, which will be published June 19 in the Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM), reveals that the vaccines are a safe and effective way to induce the body’s immune system to attack any tumor cells that could cause disease relapse.
An ant-inspired approach to mathematical sampling
In a paper published by the Royal Society, a team of Bristol researchers observed the exploratory behaviour of ants to inform the development of a more efficient mathematical sampling technique.
Breakthrough discovery to transform prostate cancer treatment
A novel formulation of the prostate cancer drug abiraterone acetate – currently marketed as Zytiga – will dramatically improve the quality of life for people suffering from prostate cancer, as pre-clinical trials by the University of South Australia show the new formulation improves the drug’s effectiveness by 40 per cent.
Matching-commitment agreements to incentivize climate action
A new study highlights a different approach to designing an international climate agreement that would incentivize countries to cooperate.
The Rate We Acquire Genetic Mutations Could Help Predict Lifespan, Fertility
Differences in the rate that genetic mutations accumulate in healthy young adults could help predict remaining lifespan in both sexes and the remaining years of fertility in women, according to University of Utah Health scientists. Their study, believed to be the first of its kind, found that young adults who acquired fewer mutations over time lived about five years longer than those who acquired them more rapidly.
Stroke survival rates worse in rural areas, study says
A major U.S. study reveals large gaps between urban and rural patients in quality of care received after a stroke and rates of survival. In more rural areas, the ability of hospitals to deliver advanced stroke care is lower and mortality rates substantially higher, the research shows. The analysis, involving nearly 800,000 patients, was led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.
Stigma of broken family relationships compounded by lockdown
The report, by researchers at the University of Cambridge, Edge Hill University and the UK-based charity Stand Alone, brings together over 800 responses to a survey sent out to the charity’s UK community.
Ankle monitors could stigmatize wearers, research says
Electronic ankle monitors – increasingly used as an alternative to incarceration – are bulky and difficult to conceal, displaying their wearers’ potential involvement with the justice system for all to see, according to a new article by a Cornell researcher.
Study explores how multiple organs end up the same size
New research that looked at the development of Arabidopsis flowers addressed the fundamental question of how two or more organs or plant parts grow to the same size and shape, which is essential for proper function.
The Parkinson’s disease gut has an overabundance of opportunistic pathogens
A 2003 hypothesis says Parkinson’s disease is caused by a gut pathogen that could spread to the brain through the nervous system. No evidence was found until now; researchers report for the first time a significant overabundance of a cluster of opportunistic pathogens in the PD gut.
Mayo Finds Convalescent Plasma Safe for Diverse Patients with COVID-19
Mayo Clinic researchers and collaborators have found investigational convalescent plasma to be safe following transfusion in a diverse group of 20,000 patients. The findings — from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Expanded Access Program for COVID-19 — are reported in Mayo Clinic Proceedings.
Claiming Journalism Is ‘Fake News’ May Satisfy a Personal Need for an Orderly World
People who use the term “fake news” to discredit information from largely legitimate news sources may do so partly to satisfy their need to see the world as an orderly and structured place.
UCSF, St. Jude Identify Key Culprit Driving Treatment Resistance in Deadly Immune Disorder
A new study by researchers at UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospitals and St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital has identified what they believe to be a key reason behind patients’ treatment-resistance in the rare inflammatory disorder HLH. The finding could offer additional insights into other immune conditions, including a type of childhood leukemia and the severe inflammation response in some children with COVID-19.
COVID-19 One-Step Saliva Test Is Born in Columbia Fertility Clinic
Columbia fertility experts have developed a one-step saliva test for COVID-19 that could expand access to testing.
Study links financial hardship to more ED visits; less preventive care
A new American Cancer Society study finds higher medical and nonmedical financial hardships are independently associated with more emergency department visits, lower receipt of some preventive services, and worse self-rated health in cancer survivors.
Academic Achievement isn’t the Reason There are More Men than Women Majoring in Physics, Engineering and Computer Science
While some STEM majors have a one-to-one male-to-female ratio, physics, engineering and computer science (PECS) majors consistently have some of the largest gender imbalances among U.S. college majors – with about four men to every woman in the major. In a new study published today in the peer-reviewed research journal, Science, NYU researchers find that this disparity is not caused by higher math or science achievement among men. On the contrary, the scholars found that men with very low high-school GPAs in math and science and very low SAT math scores were choosing these math-intensive majors just as often as women with much higher math and science achievement.
Scientists Decode How the Brain Senses Smell
Scientists have further decoded how mammalian brains perceive odors and distinguish one smell from thousands of others.
9 in 10 Americans concerned pharma will use COVID-19 pandemic to raise drug prices
Nearly 9 in 10 U.S. adults are “very” (55%) or “somewhat” (33%) concerned that the pharmaceutical industry will leverage the COVID-19 pandemic to raise drug prices.
Antioxidant agent may prevent chronic kidney disease and Parkinson’s disease
Oxidative stress is the result of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and can be damaging to cells and tissues.
Expanding protected areas is not likely to safeguard biodiversity in the long-term due to climate change
A new WCS co-authored study in Science Advances assesses how climatic conditions within global terrestrial protected areas (PAs) may change over time and the resulting impacts on species protection.
Study shows sedentary behavior independently predicts cancer mortality
In the first study to look at objective measures of sedentary behavior and cancer mortality, researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found that greater inactivity was independently associated with a higher risk of dying from cancer.
Women and men still choose partners like they used to
Women seem to care more about security, whereas good looks matter more to men. It used to be that way, and it still is in most places, regardless of the major social changes that have occurred over time.
Homeless Patients Are More Likely to be Readmitted to a Hospital Within 30 Days of Discharge
Patients who are homeless are far more likely than housed individuals to be readmitted to a hospital within 30 or 90 days of their discharge, according to a new multi-center analysis of inpatient data from Florida, Massachusetts and New York.
Clear signs of brain injury with severe COVID-19
Certain patients who receive hospital care for coronavirus infection (COVID-19) exhibit clinical and neurochemical signs of brain injury, a University of Gothenburg study shows. In even moderate COVID-19 cases, finding and measuring a blood-based biomarker for brain damage proved to be possible.
Hubble Provides Holistic View of Stars Gone Haywire
New images from the Hubble Space Telescope have helped researchers identify rapid changes in material blasting off stars at the centers of two planetary nebulas NGC 6302 and NGC 7027— causing them to reconsider what is happening at their cores.
U.S. cities with pro sports see more flu deaths
Sports leagues may want to consider calling a timeout on reopening their doors to fans, based on new West Virginia University-led research that links an uptick in seasonal flu deaths to U.S. cities with pro sports teams.
Less sleep reduces positive feelings
Sleeping less than normal impacts how we feel the next morning.
AJR: Chest CT can distinguish negative from positive lab results for COVID-19
An open-access American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR) article exploring the diagnostic value of chest CT for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia–especially for patients with negative initial results of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing–found that the less pulmonary consolidation on chest CT, the greater the possibility of negative initial RT-PCR results.
Protecting Earth from asteroid impact with a tethered diversion
Our planet exists within the vicinity of thousands of Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), some of which – ?Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs)? – ?carry the risk of impacting Earth causing major damage to infrastructure and loss of life. Methods to mitigate such a collision are highly desirable.
COVID-19 Incidence in New York Higher Among Non-White Adults
Recent research by the University at Albany and the New York State Department of Health shows that over 2 million adults in New York were infected with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, through late March 2020.
Age discrimination laws don’t protect older women as they do older men
Older women in the workforce should be considered collectively as a unique demographic group that includes both gender and age if they’re to receive adequate protection against workplace discrimination, according to a new paper published by a University at Buffalo economist.
COVID-19 Collaboration Reducing Infections in Long-Term Care Facilities
A collaborative program developed at UVA Health to work with local long-term care facilities to control COVID-19 is saving lives and offers a model for communities across the country, a new scientific paper reports.
UAH’s Baudry Lab finds 125 naturally occurring compounds with potential against COVID-19
The Baudry Lab at The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) has identified 125 naturally occurring compounds that have a computational potential for efficacy against the COVID-19 virus from the first batch of 50,000 rapidly assessed by a supercomputer.
Doing no harm reduces the risk of stroke
For patients with brain arteriovenous malformations, not having surgery or getting radiation therapy can result in an almost 70-per-cent lower risk of having a stroke or dying, reseachers find.
Study: Urban Density Not Linked to Higher Coronavirus Infection Rates—and Is Linked to Lower COVID-19 Death Rates
A new study suggests that denser places, assumed by many to be more conducive to the spread of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, are not linked to higher infection rates.
Two-thirds of African Americans know someone mistreated by police, and 22% report mistreatment in past year
Sixty-eight percent of African Americans say they know someone who has been unfairly stopped, searched, questioned, physically threatened or abused by the police, and 43 percent say they personally have had this experience—with 22 percent saying the mistreatment occurred within the past year alone, according to survey results from Tufts University’s Research Group on Equity in Health, Wealth and Civic Engagement.
Viruses Can Steal Our Genetic Code to Create New Human-Virus Genes
Like a scene out of “Invasion of the Body Snatchers,” a virus infects a host and converts it into a factory for making more copies of itself.
More than 80% of Americans report nation’s future is significant source of stress, survey says
More than 8 in 10 Americans (83%) say the future of our nation is a significant source of stress, according to the American Psychological Association’s most recent survey report, Stress in AmericaTM 2020: Stress in The Time of COVID-19, Volume Two. The previous high was 69%, reported in 2018 as part of APA’s annual Stress in America survey.