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UrduStudy of 853 counties in Minas Gerais state finds counties that voted for Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro in the 2018 election are more likely to have higher incidence and death rates from COVID-19
Year: 2022
International collaboration compares geologic repository assessment tools
Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories and partner U.S. national laboratories will compare their Geologic Disposal Safety Assessment software framework to the safety assessment software of international peers at a late-April workshop.The Sandia-led Geologic Disposal Safety Assessment framework is a computer modeling system designed to answer critical safety assessment questions about future disposal options for spent nuclear fuel deep underground and the system of tunnels, containers and possible concrete-like barriers used to keep the radioactive material contained far from the surface and water sources, said Emily Stein, a Sandia manager overseeing the development of the framework.
Decoding a direct dialog between the gut microbiota and the brain
Gut microbiota by-products circulate in the bloodstream, regulating host physiological processes including immunity, metabolism and brain functions.
Urgent action required to protect world’s coral reefs from disappearing within three decades, warn experts
An international team of environmental scientists have published a series of significant recommendations to protect, conserve and study the world’s coral reefs – the ‘canaries in the coal mine’ of climate change.
Lost South American wildflower named “extinctus” rediscovered (but still endangered)
Scientific names get chosen for lots of reasons– they can honor an important person, or hint at what an organism looks like or where it’s from. For a tropical wildflower first described by scientists in 2000, the scientific name “extinctus” was a warning.
Rilzabrutinib for blood disorder shows promise in phase 1–2 clinical trial
Drug may safely boost platelet levels in patients with immune thrombocytopenia.
Socioeconomic factors affect response to depression treatment
Cross-college collaboration highlights importance of patients’ home environments.
Vax now or vax later – what do parents think of mandatory vaccination?
New research from the Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) at King’s College London has assessed parental preference for a mandatory childhood vaccination scheme and finds that, when rating different options for a mandatory vaccination scheme, the incentives for vaccinating, and penalties for not vaccinating, were the most influential factors in parents’ decisions.
Newly Elected Division Councilors Named for CUR’s 2022-2023 General Council
The Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR) congratulates the 75 new and or re-elected division councilors to the General Council for a three-year term starting on July 1, 2022.
George Mason University’s Bethany Usher Elected as 2023-2024 CUR President
Dr. Bethany Usher, Associate Provost for Undergraduate Education at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, has been elected to serve as president of the Council on Undergraduate Research (CUR). Usher will become president-elect on July 1, 2022, taking a seat on CUR’s Executive Board, and succeeding 2022-2023 CUR president Ruth Palmer (emeritus College of New Jersey) in the summer of 2023.
Newly Elected Representatives to CUR’s 2022-2023 Executive Board
Beth A. Cunningham, PhD (American Association of Physics Teachers), Maria Iacullo-Bird, PhD (Pace University), and Charlotte K. Simmons, PhD (University of Central Oklahoma), have been re-elected to serve as council representatives on the Council on Undergraduate Research’s (CUR) executive board.
Quantum Information Science Initiative Bridges Fundamental Discoveries to Future Technologies
Research happening now within the Office of Science is critical to competing in the quantum-based technologies of the future.
Hubble Sheds Light on Origins of Supermassive Black Holes
Bizarre, Evolutionary Missing Link Uncovered in Hubble Deep Survey of Galaxies
Hubble Confirms Largest Comet Nucleus Ever Seen
4-Billion-Year-Old Relic From The Early Solar System Is Headed This Way
Predicting Methane Dynamics during Drought Recovery
A new model predicts small-scale differences in methane emissions from tropical soils on a hillside during drought and recovery.
Yongqin Jiao: Then and Now / 2011 Early Career Award Winner
Yongqin Jiao investigated how the bacterium Caulobacter crescentus survives in high levels of uranium and its potential use for bioremediation.
NK cells combined with bispecific antibody showed strong response for patients with lymphoma
Researchers from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center showed that natural killer (NK) cells derived from donated umbilical cord blood, combined with a novel bispecific antibody known as AFM13 that targets CD16A and CD30, achieved effective responses in patients with pretreated and refractory CD30+ lymphoma. The study was presented today at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2022.
“Lungs in a Box” Now Offered at Northwestern Medicine
Due to COVID-19 and a rapidly expanding list of conditions for which lung transplantation can be lifesaving, the need for new organs is growing. However, there’s a global shortage of donated lungs, which results in numerous deaths among patients on the waitlist. To help expand the donor pool, Northwestern Medicine is now using a device from XVIVO called XPS™ which is used for ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) – nicknamed “lungs in a box” – to rescue potentially viable lungs and those initially deemed “unacceptable” for transplant. Out of all solid organs, lungs have the lowest utilization, with only one in five donated lungs getting transplanted.
Melting ice caps may not shut down ocean current
Most simulations of our climate’s future may be overly sensitive to Arctic ice melt as a cause of abrupt changes in ocean circulation, according to new research led by scientists at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Climate scientists count the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (or AMOC) among the biggest tipping points on the way to a planetary climate disaster.
Baseball legend, AI pioneer, Marine Corps commandant and comedian/actor to be honored at Tulane Commencement
Four individuals who have made major contributions in fields ranging from sports and entertainment to national defense and artificial intelligence will receive honorary degrees at Tulane University’s 2022 Commencement.
Henry “Hank” Aaron, one of baseball’s greatest players; Gen. David H. Berger, a Tulane graduate and commandant of the United States Marine Corps; Ken Jeong, a medical doctor who became one of the country’s most sought-after comedic actors and Dr. Rosalind Picard, an inventor, engineer, scientist and pioneer in artificial intelligence, will receive honorary degrees at the May 21 ceremony. Aaron will receive Tulane’s first-ever posthumous honorary degree.
Simple changes in care reduced heart exposure during lung cancer radiation treatment
A team at the University of Michigan Health Rogel Cancer Center, in partnership with the statewide Michigan Radiation Oncology Quality Consortium (MROQC) lung cancer collaborative, found that raising awareness about the risk of radiation exposure to the heart and standardizing cardiac exposure limits reduced the average dose to the heart by 15% and reduced the number of patients receiving the highest heart doses by half without minimizing tumor treatment or increasing dosage to other at-risk organs in the chest
STUDY FINDS DECREASE IN RACIAL DISPARITY AND INCREASE IN SURVIVAL RATES IN METASTATIC BREAST CANCER PATIENTS DUE TO MEDICAID EXPANSION
Findings from Study Led by Susan G. Komen Scholars Published in JAMA Oncology
Tacking the Mesh: It’s the Anatomy That Matters!
In a study published in the May 2022 issue of Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, investigators from the Medical University of Vienna, Austria, provide insight in the anatomical position of the mesh in relation to the sacrum during a laparoscopic procedure. They studied 18 fresh cadavers and performed laparoscopic sacral mesh fixation as surgeons would do during laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy.
Is Multidisciplinary Team Management for Polyps the Way to Go?
The aim of this study was to analyze decision-making strategies and proportion of patients who had organ preservation and secondary treatment after 2 years of implementation of a dedicated significant polyp and early colorectal cancer multidisciplinary team. A secondary aim was to assess the recurrence rate at 2 years.
Senate Introduces Bill to Provide Full Chiropractic Coverage in Medicare
The U.S. Senate has introduced a bill, S. 4042, to modernize Medicare coverage and better meet the needs of today’s seniors by increasing access to services provided by doctors of chiropractic.
Study Shows Important Change in B-Cells in Women with PPD
A study published in Molecular Psychiatry is the first to look at multiple levels of biology within women with postpartum depression (PPD) to see how women with the condition differ from those without it.
Crowning a quest into a very well-guarded secret: Structure of the kinetochore corona finally revealed
Cell division builds our bodies, supplying all cells in our tissues and organs, from the skin to the intestine, from the blood to the brain.
Women worldwide underrepresented in economics
Women are underrepresented in many academic professions.
Faces of dominance: why the faces of women and men are perceived differently by liberals and conservatives
A new U of T Scarborough study finds that liberals and conservatives differ in how they perceive dominance in women, which may influence their likelihood to vote them into political office.
True or false: studying work practices of professional fact-checkers
Online misinformation has developed into a critical societal threat that can lead to disastrous societal consequences. Researchers at NYU Tandon and NYU Abu Dhabi interviewed professional fact-checkers from 19 countries to gather information about the fact-checking profession, fact-checking processes and methods, the use of computation tools for fact-checking, and challenges and barriers to fact-checking.
The study, “True or False: Studying the Work Practices of Professional Fact-Checkers,” found that most of the fact-checkers felt they have a social responsibility of correcting harmful information to provide “a service to the public,” emphasizing that they want the outcome of their work to both educate and inform the public. Some fact-checkers mentioned that they hope to contribute to an information ecosystem providing a “balanced battlefield” for the discussion of an issue, particularly during elections.
Researchers have developed a Russian-language method for the preoperative mapping of language areas
Neurolinguists from HSE University, in collaboration with radiologists from the Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Centre, developed a Russian-language protocol for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that makes it possible to map individual language areas before neurosurgical operations.
Better Clouds than Ever with New Exascale Computing-Ready Atmosphere Model
Scientists demonstrate the value of a new global atmosphere model for the Energy Exascale Earth System Model.
Hubble Probes Extreme Weather on Ultra-Hot Jupiters
Sizzling Worlds Vaporize Most of the Dust in Their Atmospheres
Cancer Countermeasures on a Column
University researchers produce a novel method of shipping the promising medical isotope Astatine-211
Hubble Finds a Planet Forming in an Unconventional Way
Evidence shows violent collapse responsible for formation of Jupiter-like protoplanet
Exercise Could Help Reduce Severity of Serious Cancer Complication
A new study has identified yet another benefit of keeping up your exercise routine. In experiments performed with mice, researchers found that exercising prior to developing cancer was associated with slower tumor growth and helped reduce the effects of a cancer complication known as wasting syndrome, or cachexia.
Cardamonin Shows Promise for Treating Aggressive Breast Cancer
Cardamonin — a natural compound found in the spice cardamom and other plants — could have therapeutic potential for triple-negative breast cancer, according to a new study using human cancer cells. The findings also show that the compound targets a gene that helps cancer cells elude the immune system.
Few Patients Have Infected Heart Devices Removed Despite Lifesaving Benefits
Medicare patients whose implantable heart devices became infected were less likely to die from the complication if they had the hardware removed compared to patients who only received antibiotics, according to the largest study on the topic, led by the Duke Clinical Research Institute.
Investigational Anti-Clotting Drug Reduces Bleeding Risk Among AF Patients
A new type of anti-clotting drug caused fewer bleeding incidents among patients with atrial fibrillation than the commonly prescribed apixaban, according to results from a head-to-head comparison of the two.
Mineral Supplement Could Stop Fatty Liver Disease Progression
Results from a preclinical study add new evidence that a multi-mineral dietary supplement known as Aquamin could be a simple and effective way to reduce the long-term health consequences of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Aquamin, which is derived from calcified red marine algae, is rich in calcium, magnesium and 72 other minerals and trace elements.
Investigational Drug for Heart Failure has Little Impact on Exercise Tolerance
Heart failure patients taking the investigational drug omecamtiv mecarbil, which has been previously shown to improve long-term outcomes, see little impact on their ability to exercise compared to a placebo, according to a study supported by the Duke Clinical Research Institute.
Cleveland Clinic-Led Trial Finds That Experimental ‘Gene Silencing’ Therapy Reduces Lipoprotein(a), an Important Risk Factor of Heart Disease, By Up To 98%
Findings from a new Cleveland Clinic-led phase 1 trial show that an experimental “gene silencing” therapy reduced blood levels of lipoprotein(a), a key driver of heart disease risk, by up to 98%.
Findings from the “APOLLO Trial: Magnitude and Duration of Effects of a Short-interfering RNA Targeting Lipoprotein(a): A Placebo-controlled Double-blind Dose-ranging Trial” were presented today during a late-breaking science session at American College of Cardiology’s 71st Annual Scientific Session and simultaneously published online in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Major bleeding reduced in patients having non-cardiac surgery
The drug tested, tranexamic acid (TXA), was given to patients at risk of bleeding or vascular complications. The study found that TXA did not increase deep vein clotting known as VTE, heart attack, non-hemorrhagic stroke, or other major vascular complication in the 30 days after surgery.
In the study, half of 9,535 patients in 22 countries were randomly assigned TXA, half placebo. Patients were 45 years or older (average age 69 years); 44% of them were female.
Cleveland Clinic-Led Trial Shows Drug Effective in Nearly 80% of Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Findings from a Cleveland Clinic-led clinical trial showed that the use of an experimental drug in severely symptomatic, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients significantly reduced the need for invasive procedures.
High Caffeine Consumption Disrupts Heart Rhythms in Middle-aged Rats
New research finds that excess caffeine is more likely to cause irregular heart rhythms in middle aged rats than in young adult rats. The study will be presented this week at the American Physiological Society annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2022 in Philadelphia.
Five Minutes of Daily Breath Training Improves Exercise Tolerance in Middle-aged and Older Adults
New research finds potential for high-resistance inspiratory muscle strength training to help sedentary middle-aged and older adults transition to a healthier lifestyle. The study will be presented this week at the American Physiological Society annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2022.
Exercise Improves Health Markers in Young Female Survivors of Childhood Trauma
New research shows a progressive exercise training program mitigates some physiological and psychological effects of adverse childhood experiences in otherwise healthy young women. The study will be presented at the American Physiological Society annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2022.
Smokers Less Likely to Survive a Heart Attack
Smokers have a lower chance of surviving a heart attack than non-smokers, according to new data compiled by researchers at Jordan University of Science and Technology in Irbid.
Hope Builds for New Therapeutics to Reverse or Prevent Alzheimer’s
A new study from the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson finds that (Aβ) accumulation in AD is associated with reduced blood flow to the brain, known as cerebral hypoperfusion.
A Prune—Or Six—a Day May Keep Inflammation at Bay
A study in postmenopausal people suggests eating nutrient-rich prunes every day may be beneficial to bone health, reducing inflammatory factors that contribute to osteoporosis. The research will be presented this week in Philadelphia at the American Physiological Society’s (APS) annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2022.