English
Arabic
Chinese (Simplified)
Dutch
Esperanto
French
German
Greek
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Portuguese
Russian
Spanish
UrduDiscovery of a metabolic pathways that inhibit memory T cell production has potential for enhancing the immune system’s ability to fight infections and cancers.
Category: Research Results
Freshwater outflow from Beaufort Sea could alter global climate patterns
The Beaufort Sea, the Arctic Ocean’s largest freshwater reservoir, has increased its freshwater content by 40 percent over the last two decades, putting global climate patterns at risk.
European unions’ support varies for precarious workers
In many cases, unions in Europe have helped nonunionized workers whose jobs are precarious, according to new Cornell University research.
Study Shows Mother’s Diet May Boost Immune Systems of Premature Infants
Medical researchers have long understood that a pregnant mother’s diet has a profound impact on her developing fetus’s immune system and that babies — especially those born prematurely — who are fed breast milk have a more robust ability to fight disease, suggesting that even after childbirth, a mother’s diet matters. However, the biological mechanisms underlying these connections have remained unclear.
Weakness is strength for this low-temperature battery
Nanoengineers at the University of California San Diego have discovered new fundamental insights for developing lithium metal batteries that perform well at ultra-low temperatures; mainly, that the weaker the electrolyte holds on to lithium ions, the better. By using such a weakly binding electrolyte, the researchers developed a lithium metal battery that can be repeatedly recharged at temperatures as low as -60 degrees Celsius—a first in the field.
Overlooked Cilium Could Be Genetic Key to Common Diseases
Long thought a vestigial part of human cells, new genetic analysis of the primary cilium shows that it may be tied to common conditions like diabetes and kidney failure
Risk Communication Experts Analyze Visual Responses to Tornado Warning Graphics
The analysis used a combination of eye-tracking methods and “think aloud” interviews to investigate what visual features attract attention and/or cue a call to action around an emerging threat.
Patients on a Low-Calorie Diet along with Intensive Behavioral Therapy Lost Nearly Three Times as Much Weight When Taking New Anti-Obesity Medication, Semaglutide, than When Taking Placebo
A second study of the injectable anti-obesity medication, semaglutide, has confirmed the large weight losses reported in a study earlier this month, establishing the reliability and robustness of this new drug. With obesity affecting more than 40 percent of American adults, the findings could have a major impact on weight management in primary care and other settings.
Guideline for reducing opioid use post-surgery leads to high pain management satisfaction and disposal rates
A prescribing guideline tailored to patients’ specific needs reduced the number of opioid pills prescribed after major surgery.
Argonne National Laboratory climate model helps Pacific Gas and Electric Company combat climate change impacts, including wildfires
Scientists at Argonne developed a climate model that projects future conditions at neighborhood-level scale across the entire United States to help PG&E plan for extreme weather events in California.
WHOI and NOAA Fisheries Release New North Atlantic Right Whale Health Assessment Review
North Atlantic right whales are critically endangered and declining. Climate change, vessel strikes, entanglements and noise engender poor health and reproductive failure, and are major threats to individuals and the species. Trauma reduction measures and applying new tools to assess and enhance their health, are critically important.
Obesity may affect puberty timing and hormones in girls
Puberty looks different, in terms of both reproductive hormones and breast maturation, in girls with excess total body fat, according to a new study published in the Endocrine Society’s Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
Study Estimates Two-Thirds of COVID-19 Hospitalizations Due to Four Conditions
A new study estimates 64% of adult COVID-19 hospitalizations in the U.S. may have been prevented if there were less obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and heart failure. The model suggests notable differences by age and race/ethnicity in COVID-19 hospitalizations related to these conditions.
Model Identifies Risk of Serious Complications Following Surgery
A web-based tool developed by Jefferson researchers predicts individualized risk for stroke, other grave post-surgical complications
Roadmap Will Enable Health Professional Societies to Address Critical Care Clinician Burnout
A new paper published online in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society provides a roadmap that critical care clinicians’ professional societies can use to address burnout. While strongly needed prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the roadmap has taken on even greater urgency due to reports of increasing pandemic-related burnout.
Current Liver Cancer Screenings May Leave African Americans at Greater Risk
Early detection could reduce the number of African Americans dying from liver cancer, but current screening guidelines may not find cancer soon enough in this community, according to a study published in Cancer in February.
Scientists Reveal Details of Antibodies that Work Against Zika Virus
ROCKVILLE, MD – The Zika outbreak of 2015 and 2016 is having lasting impacts on children whose mothers became infected with the virus while they were pregnant.
Why Some Coronavirus Strains are More Infectious Than Others May be Due to Spike Protein Movements
ROCKVILLE, MD – Coronavirus outbreaks have occurred periodically, but none have been as devastating as the COVID-19 pandemic.
How SARS-CoV-2’s Sugar-Coated Shield Helps Activate the Virus
ROCKVILLE, MD – One thing that makes SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, elusive to the immune system is that it is covered in sugars called glycans.
Antibodies Recognize and Attack Different SARS-CoV-2 Spike Shapes
ROCKVILLE, MD – The virus that causes COVID-19 belongs to the family of coronaviruses, “corona” referring to the spikes on the viral surface.
Scientists Uncover New Details of SARS-CoV-2 Interactions with Human Cells
ROCKVILLE, MD – If the coronavirus were a cargo ship, it would need to deliver its contents to a dock in order to infect the host island.
A Canadian success story: world-first to treat Fabry disease with gene therapy
Results of a world-first Canadian pilot study on patients treated with gene therapy for Fabry disease show that the treatment is working and safe.
NUS-led team creates nanocrystals for high-resolution X-ray imaging of curved 3D objects
X-ray imaging is widely used in areas such as healthcare and forensic science, but existing X-ray machines are unable to capture curved three-dimensional (3D) objects at high resolution, and they are also relatively expensive. Now, an international team of researchers led by chemists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has demonstrated a potential solution to overcome these limitations by using nanocrystals that can trap X-rays.
HOW COULD RISING SEA LEVEL IMPACT THE NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM?
Insurance policy premiums from the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) allow policyholders to maintain a lower, grandfathered rate even when the risk escalates. But as coastal flooding increases due to rising sea level and more intense storms, new research published in the journal Risk Analysis suggests this grandfathered policy could lead to big losses for the NFIP.
A team of experts led by Carolyn Kousky, executive director of the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center, studied the effect of sea level rise on a New York City neighborhood to illustrate how grandfathered rates could impact both policyholder premiums and program revenue for the NFIP over the next 30 years. Their results project losses to the NFIP as flood risk grows in the coming decades.
WHAT MOTIVATES NATURAL RESOURCE POLICYMAKERS IN AFRICA TO TAKE ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE?
Climate services are vital tools for decision makers addressing climate change in developing countries. Science-based seasonal forecasts and accompanying materials can support climate risk management in agriculture, health, water management, energy, and disaster risk reduction.
But in East Africa, natural resource managers have been slow to use climate information services, partly because they are difficult to understand and may not feel relevant for their local planning purposes. A new study published by the journal Risk Analysis suggests that one way to encourage policymakers in East Africa to use climate services more often is to appeal to the motivational factors that influence their professional actions on climate change.
Record-high Arctic freshwater will flow through Canadian waters, affecting marine environment and Atlantic ocean currents
An unprecedented bulge of fresh water in the Arctic Ocean will travel through the Canadian Archipelago to the Labrador Sea, affecting local marine environments and global ocean circulation.
University of Chicago study uncovers inhibitory role of ‘Ter cells’ in cancer therapies
Targeted radiation is often used to study and treat diverse cancer types. A multidisciplinary research team based at the University of Chicago Medicine has recently focused on a type of cell that releases a protein that enhances resistance to cancer therapies and promotes tumor progression.
Global study finds diet high in poor quality carbohydrates increases heart disease and death
A total of 137,851 people aged 35 to 70 years old were followed for a median of 9.5 years through the Population Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study run by the Population Health Research Institute (PHRI) of McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences.
New shape-changing 4D materials hold promise for morphodynamic tissue engineering
New hydrogel-based materials that can change shape in response to psychological stimuli, such as water, could be the next generation of materials used to bioengineer tissues and organs, according to a team of researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago.
Bearded Seals Are Loud—But Not Loud Enough
A study conducted by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology’s Center for Conservation Bioacoustics aims to understand how resilient bearded seals can be to changes in ambient underwater noise.
People with Depression, Anxiety May Develop Alzheimer’s at Younger Age
Having depression is known to increase your risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease. Now a new, preliminary study released today, February 24, 2021, reports that if people do develop Alzheimer’s disease, those with depression may start experiencing dementia symptoms about two years earlier than those who do not have depression. People with anxiety who develop Alzheimer’s may start experiencing dementia symptoms about three years earlier than those who do not have anxiety, according to the study that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology’s 73rd Annual Meeting being held virtually April 17 to 22, 2021.
Does It Matter What Position You Play When It Comes to CTE?
Contrary to popular belief, a position played in collision sports like football and hockey may not raise an athlete’s risk for developing brain disease later, a new study finds. Researchers also found no link between the length of their career, and their risk of degenerative brain disease, according to a study published in the February 24, 2021, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Additionally, only about half of the athletes studied showed evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).
Chicago’s racial wealth gap examined in new UIC report
Interviews by the University of Illinois Chicago’s Institute for Research on Race and Public Policy highlight the precarity of many Black and Latino families who have ‘made it’
‘Trending’ doctors’ notes could help hospitals predict COVID-19 surges
A new study, published today in Nature Digital Medicine, found that ‘natural language processing’ (NLP) of information routinely recorded by doctors – as part of patients’ electronic health records – reveal vital trends that could help clinical teams forecast and plan for surges in patients.
Abnormal sodium levels in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 predict death or respiratory failure
Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and abnormal sodium levels in the blood have an increased risk of experiencing respiratory failure or dying, according to a study published in the Endocrine Society’s Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
New study suggests supermassive black holes could form from dark matter
A new theoretical study has proposed a novel mechanism for the creation of supermassive black holes from dark matter.
COVID-19 VACCINE ACCEPTANCE FALLING GLOBALLY AND IN THE U.S., SURVEY FINDS
The percentage of people globally who say they will get a COVID-19 vaccine has fallen in recent weeks, even as tens of millions of doses have been administered around the world, new survey data suggest.
CAR T-cell therapy generates lasting remissions in patients with multiple myeloma
In a major advance in the treatment of multiple myeloma, a CAR T-cell therapy has generated deep, sustained remissions in patients who had relapsed from several previous therapies, an international clinical trial has found.
The impact of face masks on heart rate and oxygenation
Researchers at University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital published new findings today that wearing a face mask – either a cloth mask or a surgical mask – did not impair the ability of subjects to get air in and out of their bodies.
Do atheists have a moral compass?
University of Illinois Chicago social psychologist examines what values people view as relevant for morality
Researchers Use Machine Learning to Identify Autism Blood Biomarkers
DALLAS – Feb. 24, 2021 – Using machine learning tools to analyze hundreds of proteins, UT Southwestern researchers have identified a group of biomarkers in blood that could lead to an earlier diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and, in turn, more effective therapies sooner.
Scientists describe earliest primate fossils
A new study published Feb. 24 in the journal Royal Society Open Science documents the earliest-known fossil evidence of primates. These creatures lived less than 150,000 years after the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction event that killed off non-avian dinosaurs and saw the rise of mammals.
Reddit shows people with kidney stones have been less likely to seek treatment during pandemic
UCLA researchers found that patients’ decision-making about how and when to seek treatment for kidney stones was driven by logistical barriers and patients’ reluctance to risk exposure to COVID-19 in health care facilities.
Bearded seals are loud – but not loud enough
But in the rapidly changing Arctic soundscape, where noise from industrial activities is predicted to dramatically increase in the next 15 years, bearded seals may need to adjust their calling behavior if they are going to be heard above the noise generated by ships and commercial activities.
Flu vaccination this season likely to be highest ever
More U.S. adults reported receiving or planning to receive an influenza vaccination during the 2020-2021 flu season than ever before, according to findings from a December 2020 national survey.
COVID-19 Risk Factors for Healthcare Workers: Race, Ethnicity
Healthcare workers might not be so different from the general population in the factors that determine their risk of getting COVID-19. A new study led by Cedars-Sinai shows that healthcare workers are more likely to have antibodies to COVID-19 in their blood if they are African American or Latino or have hypertension.
World’s first video of a space-time crystal
A German-Polish research team has succeeded in creating a micrometer-sized space-time crystal consisting of magnons at room temperature. With the help of the scanning transmission X-ray microscope Maxymus at Bessy II at Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, they were able to film the recurring periodic magnetization structure in a crystal.
Alternating lockdown strategy can help defeat COVID-19 and sustain socio-economic activity
Social distancing – from mobility restrictions to complete lockdowns — can take many weeks, possibly even months, a potentially devastating outcome for social and economic stability.
COVID-19 vaccination axillary adenopathy detected during breast imaging
An open-access article in ARRS’ American Journal of Roentgenology (AJR) describes the clinical and imaging features of axillary adenopathy detected during screening or diagnostic breast imaging after recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination to inform the development of follow-up recommendations.
Losing Obamacare protections during pandemic could increase health disparities
If Affordable Care Act protections for pre-existing condition coverage are no longer available, the coronavirus pandemic would leave many Americans – a disproportionate number of whom are people of color – without health insurance, a new Oregon Health & Science University study indicates.