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UrduIn a co-authored paper published online in the journal Anthropocene, University of Illinois at Chicago paleontologist Roy Plotnick argues that the fossil record of mammals will provide a clear signal of the Anthropocene era.
Month: December 2019
UNMC study: Marijuana use in e-cigarettes increases among youth
A study published today online in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) found marijuana use in electronic cigarettes has been increasing among U.S. middle and high school students from 2017 to 2018.
Air travel reduces local investment bias, benefits investors and firms, study shows
Easy access to air travel has not only flattened the world, it also has flattened the bias toward investing locally, according to new research from the University of Notre Dame.
Innovative Partnership Will Help 6,000 Students Have a Smoother College Commute
Transportation costs and limited transit accessibility restrict students’ capabilities to access college campuses, which can hinder their progress and the likelihood of successfully graduating. Florida Atlantic University is leading a first-time transportation collaboration to improve southeast Florida’s transit ecosystem for college students and ultimately student success and retention.
Forty Percent of People with Peanut Allergies Can Eat Tree Nuts but Choose to Avoid Them
Nearly 90 percent of peanut-allergic individuals in the study could potentially tolerate almonds, but 33 percent preferred strict avoidance due to fear of an allergic reaction.
NASA’s Webb Telescope to Search for Young Brown Dwarfs and Rogue Planets
A nearby stellar nursery will be the subject of study with NASA’s upcoming James Webb Space Telescope. Astronomers will peer into the stellar cluster NGC 1333 to examine its tiniest, faintest residents, including the smallest brown dwarfs and “rogue planets.”
Case Western Reserve researchers to lead Northeast Ohio initiative to prevent, detect and treat lung cancer in underserved communities
With a $2.75 million, three-year grant from the Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) Foundation, researchers from Case Western Reserve University will lead a community wide initiative to create and apply innovative methods to prevent and detect lung cancer in underserved residents in Northeast Ohio.
Star fruit could be the new “star” of Florida agriculture
Cover crops may increase sustainability of carambola groves
Paper-based test could diagnose Lyme disease at early stages
Researchers reporting in ACS Nano have devised a blood test that quickly and sensitively diagnoses the disease at early stages.
Storing medical information below the skin’s surface
Specialized dye, delivered along with a vaccine, could enable ‘on-patient’ storage of vaccination history
A soft robotic insect that survives being flattened by a fly swatter
Imagine swarms of robotic insects moving around us as they perform various tasks. It might sound like science fiction, but it’s actually more plausible than you might think. Researchers at EPFL’s School of Engineering have developed a soft robotic insect,…
PPPL invention could improve efficiency of engines while reducing pollutants
When it comes to car and truck engines, not much has changed since Nikolaus Otto invented the modern internal combustion engine in 1876. But the internal combustion engine could, at least theoretically, be in for a big change. Researchers at…
Together you’re less alone
Pair living as stepping stone from solitary life to complex societies
Case Western Reserve social sciences researchers develop new tool to assess exposure to childhood violence, trauma
Designed in response to high exposure rates, new screening measure expected to be implemented nationally
First images of an ‘upgraded’ CRISPR tool
NEW YORK, NY (Dec. 18, 2019)–Columbia scientists have captured the first images of a new gene editing tool that could improve upon existing CRISPR-based tools. The team developed the tool, called INTEGRATE, after discovering a unique “jumping gene” in Vibrio…
In global south, urban sanitation crisis harms health, economy
ITHACA, N.Y. – Cities in the “global south” – densely populated urban areas that are part of low-income countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America – should phase out pit latrines, septic tanks and other on-site methods of human waste…
Global urban growth typified by suburbs, not skyscrapers
Analysis of 478 cities finds that much urban expansion is horizontal — and unsustainable
Membrane inspired by bone and cartilage efficiently produces electricity from saltwater
Inspired by membranes in the body tissues of living organisms, scientists have combined aramid nanofibers used in Kevlar with boron nitride to construct a membrane for harvesting ocean energy that is both strong like bone and suited for ion transport…
Watered down biodiversity: sample type is critical in environmental DNA studies for biomonitoring
DNA-based biomonitoring relies on species-specific segments of organisms DNA for their taxonomic identification and is rapidly advancing for monitoring invertebrate communities across a variety of ecosystems. The analytical approaches taken vary from single-species detection to bulk environmental sample analysis, depending…
Grain traits traced to ‘dark matter’ of rice genome
Domesticated rice has fatter seed grains with higher starch content than its wild rice relatives — the result of many generations of preferential seed sorting and sowing. But even though rice was the first crop to be fully sequenced, scientists…
Study shows risks for additional procedures after bariatric surgery
WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. – Dec. 18, 2019 – Which of the two most common bariatric surgeries – gastric sleeve or gastric bypass – has the highest subsequent risk of additional operations or procedures? According to a study published in the current…
IncludeHealth gets licensing agreement from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
IncludeHealth will commercialize breakthrough technology for movement correction and rehabilitation, helping children, seniors, and athletes of all ages
National clinical trial provides mastectomy alternative for recurrent breast cancer
Mastectomy has historically been the standard treatment for breast cancer patients experiencing recurrence after an initial lumpectomy and whole-breast radiation. Now, a phase 2 clinical trial led by Douglas W. Arthur, M.D., chair and professor in the Department of Radiation…
CRI scientists discover metabolic feature that allows melanoma cells to spread
DALLAS – Dec. 18, 2019 – Researchers at Children’s Medical Center Research Institute at UT Southwestern (CRI) have uncovered why certain melanoma cells are more likely to spread through the body. The discovery opens up a potential new avenue of…
Genes and family are biggest predictor of academic success, study suggests
Whether children will enjoy academic success can be now predicted at birth, a new study suggests. The study, led by the University of York, found that parents’ socioeconomic status and children’s inherited DNA differences are powerful predictors of educational achievement.…
Scientists identify harmful bacteria based on its DNA at a very low cost
The detection of food poison outbreaks caused by bacteria takes time and is expensive, but now researchers have found a cheap method for the precise identification of bacteria in just a few hours on a mobile-phone-sized device
Ancient Mediterranean seawall first known defense against sea level rise and it failed
7,000-year-old seawall in Tel Hreiz, Israel reveals earliest known structure built against sea level rise and provides new insights into current battle with flooding threat
Successful satellite launch for Graz University of Technology, Austria
ESA’s OPS-SAT mission to test new space technology in orbital flight
Pregnant women with HIV often not given recommended treatment
BOSTON – Women living with HIV who are also pregnant don’t always receive recommended antiretroviral medications, according to a recent study of prescribing patterns carried out by a MassGeneral Hospital for Children (MGHfC) researcher in collaboration with other members of…
Working women healthier even after retirement age
Study shows that women who worked consistently during their prime midlife working years had better physical health than non-working women later in life
Tracking thermodynamic fundamentals
Kiel physicists determine the barely measurable property entropy for the first time in complex plasmas
Researchers support new strategies for HIV control
The search for a cure to AIDS has partly focused on ways to eradicate infected cells. Now, new research from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden and the University of Pennsylvania in the U.S. shows that this approach may not be necessary…
Stevia remains the most discussed low/zero-calorie sweetener
Helping to make diet resolutions successful in the new year
Were greener areas around schools associated with lower likelihood of ADHD symptoms?
Bottom Line: Attending schools in greener areas appears to be associated with a lower likelihood of having symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in this observational study of children in China. There were 59,754 children (ages 2 to 17) included, of…
Heart transplants from donors positive for hepatitis C
What The Study Did: Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee, report in this case series on 80 patients who had heart transplants using hearts from donors positive for hepatitis C. To access the embargoed study: Visit our…
How common are concussions not related to sports among college undergrads?
What The Study Did: Researchers in this observational study looked at the number of concussions(both sports-related and not related to sports) experienced by undergraduate students at a large U.S. public university over three academic years. To access the embargoed study:…
Association of household with risk of first psychiatric hospitalization in Finland
What The Study Did: National registry data for 6.2 million people in Finland from 1996 to 2014 were used to examine how household income was associated with risk for a first admission to a psychiatric hospital for treatment of a mental…
New space image reveals cosmic ‘candy cane’
Center of milky way galaxy stitched together by new wavelength data
Study suggests early-life exposure to dogs may lessen risk of developing schizophrenia
Findings do not link similar contact with cats to either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
SUCCESS identifies potentials for promoting refugee students’ access to higher education
Diverse access requirements hinder refugees’ successful integration into higher education in 66 host countries
A new concept of future robot manipulators will be developed from studying elephants
The project PROBOSCIS has been funded by the European Commission with 3.5 million euros and it is coordinated by IIT-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; the project represents a completely new approach in the field of bioinspired robotics
Close to half of US population projected to have obesity by 2030
Boston, MA – About half of the adult U.S. population will have obesity and about a quarter will have severe obesity by 2030, according to a new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The study also…
Topological materials for information technology offer lossless transmission of signals
New effects in solid-state physics are often first discovered at temperatures near absolute zero (0 Kelvin or -273 °C). Further research can then determine whether and how these phenomena can be induced at room temperature as well. So it was…
Research provides new design principle for water-splitting catalysts
PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — Scientists have long known that platinum is by far the best catalyst for splitting water molecules to produce hydrogen gas. A new study by Brown University researchers shows why platinum works so well — and…
Alzheimer’s study shows promise in protecting brain from tau
Researchers discover impact of MSUT2 gene and binding protein, offering others a starting point for new therapeutics
Drops of liquid crystal molecules branch out into strange structures
Shaped by surface tension and elasticity, University of Pennsylvania researchers find that spherical drops of chain-like liquid crystal molecules transform upon cooling into complex shapes with long-reaching tendrils
OU study uses genetics and menthol to examine how the skin senses irritation
NORMAN, OKLA. – A new University of Oklahoma study could have implications on our understanding of how certain sensory signals are transmitted through the body. An OU experiment led by neuroscientist Christian Lemon, Ph.D., Department of Biology, set out to…
APS tip sheet: Modeling supermarket traffic jams
Modeling supermarket layouts could help reduce aisle congestion
Tel Aviv University study finds widespread misinterpretation of gene expression data
But bias can be removed from data to filter out false results, researchers say
Saccharin derivatives give cancer cells a not-so-sweet surprise
Saccharin received a bad rap after studies in the 1970s linked consumption of large amounts of the artificial sweetener to bladder cancer in laboratory rats. Later, research revealed that these findings were not relevant to people. And in a complete…