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UrduPeople who are HIV positive and living in high tuberculosis-transmission regions of the world are much more likely to finish a TB-prevention regimen lasting just three months – half as long as the standard treatment, a large clinical trial in Africa has found.
Tag: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Water resources: Defusing conflict, promoting cooperation
Rivers are lifelines for many countries. They create valuable ecosystems, provide drinking water for people and raw water for agriculture and industry. In the Global South in particular, there is strong competition for access to freshwater resources. The increasing use…
Informing policy for long-term global food security
More than 820 million people in the world don’t have enough to eat, while climate change and increasing competition for land and water are further raising concerns about the future balance between food demand and supply. The results of a…
Blocking how the malaria parasite suppresses the immune response
The parasites that cause severe malaria are well-known for the sinister ways they infect humans, but new research may lead to drugs that could block one of their most reliable weapons: interference with the immune response.
Association between COVID-19 exposure, self-reported compliance with public health guidelines among essential employees at an institution of higher education
What The Study Did: This study at an institution of higher education in Colorado evaluated the association between self-reported protective behaviors and how common SARS-CoV-2 infection was among essential in-person employees during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic…
Medical debt in US
What The Study Did: Credit reports were analyzed to estimate the amount of medical debt in collections nationally and by geographic region and income group and its association with Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act. Authors: Neale Mahoney, Ph.D.,…
The Indus basin: Untapped potential for long-term energy storage
Hydropower has massive potential as a source of clean electricity, and the Indus basin can be a key player in fulfilling long-term energy storage demands across Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. IIASA researchers explored the role the Indus…
The seeds that give: retired WVU plant pathologist donates tomato seeds to developing nations
Mannon Gallegly, professor emeritus of plant pathology at West Virginia University, is donating tomato seeds to the World Vegetable Center, a global nonprofit institute for vegetable research and development.
COVID-19-related immigration concerns among Latinx immigrants in US
What The Study Did: T hese results suggest that substantial proportions of Latinx immigrants have immigration concerns about engaging in COVID-19-related testing, treatment and contact tracing. Authors: Carol L. Galletly, J.D., Ph.D., Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, i s…
Disparities in outpatient visit rates
What The Study Did: Researchers examined racial/ethnic disparities in outpatient visit rates to 29 physician specialties in the United States. Authors: Christopher Cai, M.D., of the Internal Medicine Residency Program at Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School in Boston, is…
Evaluation of India’s ‘Mission Indradhanush’ finds improvements in vaccination outcomes
Researchers at CDDEP evaluated the performance of India’s Mission Indradhanush (MI) child vaccination campaign to find an increase in vaccination rates and timeliness of vaccination.
Exploring gap between excess mortality, COVID-19 deaths in 67 countries
What The Study Did: N ational health care systems have different capacities to correctly identify people who died of COVID-19. Researchers in this study analyzed the gap between excess mortality and COVID-19 confirmed mortality in 67 countries to determine the…
Outcomes of patients treated by female vs male physicians
What The Study Did: Researchers investigated whether death, other hospital outcomes and processes of care differed between patients cared for by female and male physicians at hospitals in Canada. Authors: Fahad Razak, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Toronto in…
Diversity of US health care workers
What The Study Did: Researchers examined the diversity and representation by race/ethnicity and sex in select health care occupations in the United States from 2000 to 2019. Authors: Anupam B. Jena, M.D., Ph.D., of Harvard Medical School in Boston, is…
The GovLab launches free online course on “Open Justice”
BROOKLYN, New York, Thursday, July 15, 2021 – Today, The GovLab in partnership with the Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judiciary of Mexico (TEPJF) , launched a first of its kind, online course on Open Justice through the edX MOOC…
Cocoa bean DNA testing offers path to end slavery and child labour in chocolate industry
Research shows low-cost DNA biomarker technique can trace cocoa from a specific farm to the chocolate bar in your hand
Association of socioeconomic characteristics with disparities in COVID-19 outcomes in Japan
What The Study Did: This study found an unequal pattern of COVID-19 outcomes that was associated with the socioeconomic circumstances in regions of Japan, suggesting that these disparities in COVID-19 outcomes aren’t unique to the United States and Europe. Authors:…
Just 25 mega-cities produce 52% of the world’s urban greenhouse gas emissions
New research published by the open access publisher Frontiers inventories greenhouse gas emissions of 167 globally distributed cities. The study shows that just 25 mega-cities produce 52% of the greenhouse gas emissions from the studied cities.
India national school meal program linked to improved growth in children of beneficiaries
Benefits for next generation demonstrate long term positives of nutrition programs
Changes in care delivery during COVID-19
What The Study Did: Researchers characterized clinical content of ambulatory care among office-based compared with telemedicine visits in the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Authors: G. Caleb Alexander, M.D., M.S., of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of…
Disparities in vaccine acceptance among adults in China
What The Study Did: This survey study examined disparities in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and approaches to improve vaccination rates among adults in China. Authors: Jingjing Ma, Ph.D., of Peking University in Beijing, is the corresponding author. To access the embargoed…
Study: How a large cat deity helps people to share space with leopards in India
The story of the Warli and the Waghoba
Packaged water consumption linked to cholera outbreak in DRC capital
Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by ingestion of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium. In November 2017, a cholera epidemic occurred in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where no outbreak had been recorded for nearly a decade. A study…
Factors associated with deaths in US ICE detention facilities
What The Study Did: The characteristics and factors associated with deaths among individuals detained in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) facilities from 2011 to 2018 were examined in this study. Authors: Parveen Parmar, M.D., M.P.H., of the Keck School…
5 million deaths a year caused by global climate related abnormal temps
More than five million deaths a year can be attributed to abnormal hot and cold temperatures
Seroprevalence, risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care workers in Italy early in pandemic
What The Study Did: This study in the Lombardy region of Italy examined the association of different health care professional categories and operational units, including in-hospital wards and outpatient facilities, with the seroprevalence of positive IgG antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2…
Evaluation of health equity in COVID-19 vaccine distribution plans in US
What The Study Did: Researchers in this study aimed to determine how each state and the District of Columbia planned to ensure equitable COVID-19 vaccine distribution. Authors: Juan C. Rojas, M.D., of the University of Chicago, is the corresponding author.…
Surprise bills for childbirth
What The Study Did: Researchers estimated the frequency and magnitude of surprise bills for deliveries and newborn hospitalizations, which are the leading reasons for hospitalization in the United States, to illustrate the potential benefits of federal legislation that will protect…
Finding pathways for sustainable development in Africa
A new project funded by the Belmont Forum will develop novel tools and capacities to understand and manage interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and support sustainable development pathways for African countries.
Developing countries pay steep economic & health costs because of high car air pollution
Some of the world’s most vulnerable cities suffer disproportionate economic losses because of the health consequences of in-car air pollution, finds a new study.
Finding pathways for sustainable development in Africa
A new project funded under the Belmont Forum’s joint Collaborative Research Action on Pathways to Sustainability will develop novel tools and capacities to understand and manage interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and support sustainable development pathways for African…
Children with asymptomatic malaria a ‘hidden risk’ to disease control efforts
Study in Uganda highlights potential for school-aged children to be targeted for malaria control interventions
Untapped rice varieties could sustain crop supplies in face of climate change
Local rice varieties in Vietnam could be used to help breed improved crops with higher resilience to climate change, according to a new study published in Rice . Earlham Institute researchers are part of an international collaboration with genebanks and…
Research suggests ways to tackle water security challenges in world’s drylands
The research – published ahead of World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought on 17 June 2021 – examines recent and projected climate change impacts on water security across the world’s drylands up to the year 2100. It concludes that…
Suicidal thoughts, attempts among US adolescents
What The Study Did: Differences by sex and race/ethnicity in suicidal thoughts and nonfatal suicide attempts among U.S. adolescents over the last three decades were assessed in this survey study. Authors: Yunyu Xiao, Ph.D., of Indiana University-Purdue University in Indianapolis,…
International medical graduate physician deaths from COVID-19 in US
What The Study Did: I nternational medical graduates often practice as physicians in locations and specialties less preferred by U.S. medical graduates. This study reports on physician mortality from COVID-19, and on the mortality of international medical graduates in particular.…
As a decade of ecosystem restoration kicks off, don’t forget the people
Global ecosystem restoration efforts are often measured by billions of trees planted or square kilometers of land restored. But there is a critical void in the agenda: The social and political dimensions that make restoration a success
UNESCO report calls for increases in investment in science in the face of growing crises
Paris, June 11 – Spending on science worldwide increased (+19%) between 2014 and 2018, as did the number of scientists (+13.7%). This trend has been further boosted by the COVID crisis, according to UNESCO’s new Science Report, The Race against…
Incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children among people with SARS-CoV-2 infection in US
What The Study Did: T he incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) among people with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the United States was estimated in this study. Authors: Angela P. Campbell, M.D., M.P.H., of the COVID-19 Response Team at…
Laptops, cell phones, e-games defied slump as COVID-19 dented 2020’s electronics sales: UN
Foreseen drop in 2020 sales-related e-waste: 4.9 million metric tonnes or ~6.4%; Pandemic intensified digital divide between high, middle and low income countries
More ‘fairness’ needed in conservation
New research shows what is often assumed to be ‘fair’ in conservation practice may not be considered so by the very people most affected by it–and a new approach is needed if protected areas are to be effective. Lead author…
High blood lead levels found in indigenous peoples in Peruvian Amazonia
The study finds higher concentrations of lead in communities living where oil extraction has been most intense
A novel tuberculosis regimen shortens treatment course for patients
Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina and elsewhere find a new antibiotic regimen that shortens the treatment course for patients with tuberculosis
Harvard Growth Lab launches data viz tool that reveals growth opportunities for 1K cities
Live launch event June 2 @ 12 PM EST | Register on Zoom
Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection 1 year after primary infection in Lombardy, Italy
What The Study Did: Study r esults suggest that reinfections are rare events and that patients who have recovered from COVID-19 have a lower risk of reinfection. However, the observation ended before SARS-CoV-2 variants began to spread, and it is…
Examining well-being, life expectancy with having family member incarcerated
What The Study Did: This survey study examined the associations of having an incarcerated immediate or extended family member with perceived well-being and change in projected life expectancy among adults in the United States. Authors: Ram Sundaresh, M.D., M.S., of…
SARS-CoV-2 antibody status in patients with cancer, health care workers
What The Study Did: This study evaluates whether there are differences in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and antibody levels in patients with cancer compared with health care workers in Japan. Authors: Tatsuya Yoshida, M.D., Ph.D., of the National Cancer Center Hospital in…
Socioeconomic disparities in respiratory health in US
What The Study Did: Socioeconomic disparities in respiratory health over the past six decades in the United States are described in this study. Authors: Adam W. Gaffney, M.D., of the Cambridge Health Alliance in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is the corresponding author.…
Plastic waste has some economic benefit for developing countries
PULLMAN, Wash. – For decades, wealthy nations have transported plastic trash, and the environmental problems that go with it, to poorer countries, but researchers have found a potential bright side to this seemingly unequal trade: plastic waste may provide an…
Raised buildings may help reduce malaria transmission in Africa
There is growing evidence that house design can decrease the force of malaria infection. The world’s most deadly assassin is Africa’s malaria mosquito: Anopheles gambiae. In 2019, the World Health Organisation estimated that malaria killed 386,000 people in sub-Saharan Africa,…