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UrduISPOR—The Professional Society for Health Economics and Outcomes Research announced the publication of a special themed section of research papers in Value in Health that offer insights into facets of economic evaluation aimed to incorporate well-being into decision making.
Month: July 2024
LGNet Revolutionizes Plant Disease Detection for Enhanced Crop Protection
A research team has developed LGNet, a dual-branch network that combines convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and visual transformers (VTs) for plant disease identification.
Exemplar-Based Data Generation and Leaf-Level Analysis for Phenotyping Drought-Stressed Poplar Saplings
A research team has developed a novel method combining computer vision and deep learning to phenotype drought-stressed poplar saplings, achieving 99% accuracy in variety identification and 76% accuracy in stress-level classification.
Synchrotron-Based Imaging Techniques Enhance Understanding of Soybean Nodule Structures for Improved Nitrogen Fixation Efficiency
A research team used synchrotron-based X-ray microcomputed tomography (SR-μCT) to non-invasively obtain high-quality 3D images of fresh soybean root nodules, quantifying the volumes of the central infected zone (CIZ) and vascular bundles (VBs).
Tomato triumph: genetic key to chill-proof crops unveiled
In a significant advancement for agricultural biotechnology, researchers have identified a genetic mechanism that enhances the cold tolerance of tomatoes. This breakthrough is pivotal for cultivating crops in cooler climates, ensuring stable yields and bolstering global food security.
Tomato triumph: genetic key to chill-proof crops unveiled
In a significant advancement for agricultural biotechnology, researchers have identified a genetic mechanism that enhances the cold tolerance of tomatoes. This breakthrough is pivotal for cultivating crops in cooler climates, ensuring stable yields and bolstering global food security.
Tomato triumph: genetic key to chill-proof crops unveiled
In a significant advancement for agricultural biotechnology, researchers have identified a genetic mechanism that enhances the cold tolerance of tomatoes. This breakthrough is pivotal for cultivating crops in cooler climates, ensuring stable yields and bolstering global food security.
Tomato triumph: genetic key to chill-proof crops unveiled
In a significant advancement for agricultural biotechnology, researchers have identified a genetic mechanism that enhances the cold tolerance of tomatoes. This breakthrough is pivotal for cultivating crops in cooler climates, ensuring stable yields and bolstering global food security.
Tomato triumph: genetic key to chill-proof crops unveiled
In a significant advancement for agricultural biotechnology, researchers have identified a genetic mechanism that enhances the cold tolerance of tomatoes. This breakthrough is pivotal for cultivating crops in cooler climates, ensuring stable yields and bolstering global food security.
Tomato Time capsule: postharvest treatments and their role in ripening dynamics
Tomato fruit ripening, a process initiated by key gene demethylation, is significantly influenced by postharvest handling practices. These practices, while extending shelf life, can alter ripening dynamics and affect fruit quality.
Blossoming insights: genetic mechanisms behind flower form
A cutting-edge study has uncovered the pivotal role of the APETALA3–3 ortholog in shaping the diverse morphologies of petals in Delphinium anthriscifolium. This gene, previously known for its function in petal identity, is now revealed to be a key player in the intricate process of petal differentiation, offering a profound understanding of floral evolution and opening avenues for future botanical research and breeding innovations.
From doubt to trust: the journey of Cameroonian software developers in open source
A recent study delves into the trust and engagement of Cameroonian software developers in open-source projects, offering critical insights into the collaborative software development landscape.
Decoding consumer hearts: advanced algorithms enhance brand loyalty
A new study introduces a user preference mining algorithm that leverages data mining and social behavior analysis to bolster brand building efforts. This innovative approach aims to assist small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in understanding and engaging with their consumer base more effectively.
Texas Tech Researcher Finds Lithium Ion Batteries a Growing Source of Pollution
The use of certain substances in the batteries is polluting air and water, according to a peer-reviewed study.
Pennsylvania’s Opioid Prescriptions Plunge 38% After State Monitoring Program Implementation
In 2016, nearly 2 million opioid prescriptions were given to patients across the state. However, by the end of the study period in 2020, there was a 38 percent decrease in opioid prescriptions written, according to this study by Dr. Asif Ilyas.
Physician-scientist awarded two grants to develop immune therapies for ovarian cancer
Dr. Sanaz Memarzadeh has received two grants totaling $4.1 million to develop advanced cell based immune therapies for high-grade serous ovarian cancers that have become resistant to conventional treatments.
From fields to policy: Conserving China’s agricultural heritage systems
Agricultural heritage systems, the custodians of ancient farming practices, face unprecedented challenges from climate change and urbanization. This study presents a detailed geographical analysis coupled with strategic management approaches to conserve these invaluable systems.
Noise no more: transforming sound barriers with material optimization
In a bid to combat escalating traffic noise pollution, a novel study presents a semianalytical meshless method to optimize the acoustic performance of sound barriers. The research focuses on enhancing the effectiveness of these barriers by refining their shape and material distribution.
Acoustic radiation and scattering: a new era with BINNs technology
A new method called Boundary Integrated Neural Networks (BINNs) has been developed for analyzing acoustic radiation and scattering.
As FDA Expands Approval of a New Gene Therapy to Treat Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, a CHLA Expert Weighs in
After previously approving its use for a limited population, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has now approved Elevidys, a gene therapy designed to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), for a broader range of child patients.
Achieving High Performance and Stability Simultaneously!
The research team of Dr. Jae Ho Kim and Dr. Myungkwan Song from the Energy and Environmental Materials Research Division at the KIMS, developed hybrid bio-nanostructures.
Case Western Reserve University receives $1.5M grant from Foundation Fighting Blindness to test possible new treatment for inherited retinal disease
There’s only one U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved therapy for an inherited retinal disease, and dozens of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) genes for which no therapy is available.
An invisible mask? Wearable air curtain, treated to kill viruses, blocks 99.8% of aerosols
An air curtain shooting down from the brim of a hard hat can prevent 99.8% of aerosols from reaching a worker’s face. The technology, created by University of Michigan startup Taza Aya, potentially offers a new protection option for workers in industries where respiratory disease transmission is a concern.
Why some abusive bosses get a pass from their employees
Why do employees sometimes accept working for an abusive boss? A new study suggests that when a leader is seen as a high performer, employees are more likely to label abuse as just “tough love.”
Pulsed Field Ablation Procedures Found Safe and Effective for Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Mount Sinai-led study demonstrates significant safety outcomes and could lead to more frequent use of this new technology
Unlocking the frost-defying secrets of the white water lily
In a recent discovery poised to enhance agricultural resilience, scientists have demystified the elaborate cold resistance mechanisms of the white water lily—a plant that flourishes in the frigid climes of Xinjiang’s lofty terrains. A thorough investigation into the lily’s morphological adaptations, strategic resource distribution, and metabolic reactions has unveiled an intricate regulatory framework encompassing phytohormone signaling, amino acid metabolism, and circadian rhythms. This revelation provides invaluable insights for bolstering the cold resistance of crops.
New technique offers unprecedented control over light at terahertz frequencies
Scientists have developed a new method to generate and control terahertz radiation, a type of light useful for various applications. Their device employs magnetic multilayers with programmable magnetization to create different patterns of terahertz waves, including beams with specific twists and rotations.
Time-of-flight resolved stimulated Raman scattering microscopy using counter-propagating ultraslow Bessel light bullets generation
Scientists led by Prof Zhiwei Huang at National University of Singapore have developed a novel time-of-flight resolved Bessel light bullet-enabled stimulated Raman scattering microscopy for deeper tissue 3D chemical imaging with high resolution.
Improving safety of AI research for engineering biology
Hazards posed by using data-centric methods to engineer biology, have been identified by experts at the University of Bristol with the aim of making future research safer.
From plant to pharma: decoding the synthesis of BaiJi’s potent polysaccharides
A pioneering study has shed light on the biosynthesis of glucomannan in Bletilla striata, a plant known as BaiJi with profound medicinal properties. The research meticulously maps the conversion process from sucrose to bioactive glucomannan polysaccharides, pinpointing key genes that orchestrate this transformation.
NA-ROAD Announces 2024 Cohort of 10 Women and Girls in Astronomy for Development Projects
The North American Regional Office of Astronomy for Development (NA-ROAD) is pleased to announce the selection of 10 astronomy for development projects as part of the 2024 cohort. These projects will receive funding as part of the Women and Girls in Astronomy Program (WGAP).
Decoding disease defenses: miRNAs and the battle against apple pathogens
A pivotal study illuminates the genetic dynamics in tissue-specific interactions between apple trees and Valsa mali, a fungus causing severe disease. By examining the adaptive regulation of miRNAs and milRNAs, researchers uncover distinct expression profiles crucial for understanding and potentially manipulating the plant’s defense mechanisms against pathogens.
UNC Researchers Identify Potential Treatment for Angelman Syndrome
Researchers at the UNC School of Medicine have identified a small molecule that could lead to a safe and effective treatment for the neurodevelopmental condition known as Angelman syndrome.
Measuring the doughnut: A good and ecological life is possible for all
Sustainability and quality of life – a contradiction? Not necessarily, shows a new study by Empa researchers. According to their calculations, an ecologically and socially just life is possible for over ten billion people. It will, however, require a paradigm shift.
Study Examines Gender Disparity in Science Research Funding
Researchers’ findings include junior women scientists receive less NIH funding and face lower tenure rates, with only 20% achieving tenure compared to nearly 40% of men, underscoring ongoing inequities in biomedical research careers.
Innovative Use of Hyperspectral Data and DCGANs Enhances Rice Protein Content Estimation
A research team used hyperspectral data and deep convolution generative adversarial networks (DCGANs) to improve the accuracy of rice grain protein content (GPC) estimation. By generating simulated data, they enhanced the model’s performance, achieving an R² of 0.58 and RRMSE of 6.70%.
Innovative Deep Learning Model Enhances Maize Phenotype Detection and Crop Management
A research team developed the Point-Line Net, a deep learning method based on the Mask R-CNN framework, to automatically recognize maize field images and determine the number and growth trajectory of leaves and stalks.
New DEKR-SPrior Model Revolutionizes High-Throughput Phenotyping of Soybean Pods and Seeds
A research team developed the DEKR-SPrior model to improve high-throughput phenotyping of soybean pods and seeds.
Potential of floating, parking, and agri photovoltaics in Germany
Abstract The innovative use of photovoltaics (PV) on parking lots, water bodies, or agricultural areas reduces land use conflicts by co-using land with renewable PV production. In contrast to conventional open-field PV, their potential role in future energy systems has…
A decision support system for assessing the barriers and policies for wind energy deployment
Abstract Addressing Africa’s energy infrastructure gap, including generation, distribution, and transmission, demands substantial investment, with a portion allocated to renewable energy technologies like wind energy. The significant scale-up of wind energy can yield substantial socioeconomic benefits for countries. However, there…
Multi-period hydrogen supply chain planning for advancing hydrogen transition roadmaps
Abstract The global commitment to the Paris Agreement has triggered the development of national hydrogen strategies and roadmaps in numerous countries. For seamless execution of a hydrogen strategy, the model employed in roadmap optimization must consider intricate operational details. This…
Opting out or left out? The gendered determinants of marriage in South Korea
Abstract Objective This study examines the determinants of marriage decline in South Korea, a representative case of the “demographic crisis” sweeping East Asia. Background The major theories accounting for marriage and family trends are for the most part based on…
Keeping us young? Grandchild caregiving and older adults’ cognitive functioning
Abstract Objective This study investigates longitudinal associations between providing care to grandchildren and cognitive functioning. It also examines heterogeneity in these relationships. Background Grandchild caregiving may support older adults’ cognitive functioning by providing social engagement and emotional meaning. However, studies…
The doubly disadvantaged: The motherhood penalty for internal migrants in China
Abstract Objective This study examines hourly earnings differentials among internal migrants in urban China according to motherhood status and child coresidence. It also contemplates the potential mediation of family support and flexible work arrangements. Background Existing research has primarily studied…
Family and religion in flux: Relationship complexity, type of religiosity, and race/ethnicity
Abstract Objective This study examines the links between family formation, relationship history, and multiple types of religiosity in early–middle adulthood, as well as racial/ethnic heterogeneity of these associations. Background Family and religion have long been recognized as linked institutions. However,…
Between-sibling inequality in inheritances: Intergenerational support and patrilineality in South Korea
Abstract Objective This study examines sibling inequality in inheritances and investigates the associations between inheritance share, intergenerational support, and patrilineality, as well as the potential interplay between support and patrilineality. Background While Western studies take an exchange perspective linking inheritance…
Stepfamily formation and the educational outcomes of children in Sweden
Abstract Objective We examine the impact of stepfamily exposure on the educational outcomes of children, considering factors such as age at stepfamily formation, gender of the stepparent, presence of step/half-siblings, and the stepparent’s socioeconomic resources. Background The prevalence of stepfamilies…
Adolescents’ experiences with ambiguity in postdivorce stepfamilies
Abstract Objective Investigating what contributes to perceptions of ambiguity in stepfamily relationships among adolescents, and which strategies adolescents use to deal with ambiguity. Background Relational losses or acquisitions marked by ambiguity (i.e., ambiguous losses and gains) are taxing as they…
Ab Initio Methods Help Scientists Make Sense of Complex Particle Collisions
New research finds that ab initio methods using effective field theory can be used to study the scattering of protons and neutrons off atomic nuclei. The research specifically examined the scattering of protons from carbon-12 and oxygen-16 at low energies.
Take summer heat health risks seriously, UTSW experts caution
The scorching heat can be inescapable this time of year, and as temperatures hover around triple digits, experts at UT Southwestern Medical Center caution that uncomfortable weather can escalate to dangerous health conditions.