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UrduIn a recent development of the story about wood ants trapped in a post-Soviet nuclear weapon bunker in Poland, scientists, led by Prof. Wojciech Czechowski, with the decisive contribution of Dr. István Maák, both from the Museum and Institute of…
Tag: Physiology
Deep neural networks uncover what the brain likes to see
Opening the eyes immediately provides a visual perception of the world – and it seems so easy. But the process that starts with photons hitting the retina and ends with ‘seeing’ is far from simple. The brain’s fundamental task in…
Potatoes Are as Effective as Carbohydrate Gels as Fuel Source for Athletes
Eating a potato during exercise provides as much fuel and results in similar performance in trained athletes as carbohydrate gels. The study—the first to compare a whole-food source of carbohydrates to a commercially produced sports food—is published ahead of print in the Journal of Applied Physiology.
‘Swimmer’s shoulder,’ common in more than three-quarters of swimmers
Research shows that painful swimmer’s shoulder may be due to heavy training load and a ‘no pain, no gain’ work ethic
Dominant Leg Has More Power during Exercise than Non-dominant Leg
A new study confirms important differences in dominant- versus non-dominant-leg oxygen usage and power output during single-leg exercise. The study is published ahead of print in the American Journal of Physiology—Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology.
Keep quiet or be eliminated: How cell competition modulates morphogen gradients
Osaka University-led study shows that communication between cells with normal and abnormal Wnt/β-catenin activity causes abnormal cells to die through production of reactive oxygen species
Young adult women abused as adolescents report higher levels of pain
CINCINNATI — Young adult women with a documented history of being maltreated as children report higher levels of pain than women not maltreated in childhood, according to a new study. As adults, these young women, who averaged nearly 25 years…
Glucose wears down circadian clocks in obesity, may drive cardiovascular risk
AUGUSTA, Ga. (Oct. 22, 2019) – High glucose in obesity appears to gum up the works of the circadian clocks inside our cells that help regulate the timing of many body functions across the 24-hour day and drive the risk…
A blood factor involved in weight loss and aging
Aging is a process that affects all functions of the human body, particularly brain function. However, aging can be delayed through lifestyle changes (physical exercise, restricting calorie intake, etc.). Researchers at the Institut Pasteur and CNRS have elucidated the properties…
In Alzheimer’s research, MIT scientists reveal brain rhythm role
In the years since her lab discovered that exposing Alzheimer’s disease model mice to light flickering at the frequency of a key brain rhythm could stem the disorder’s pathology, MIT neuroscientist Li-Huei Tsai and her team at The Picower Institute…
Data mining applied to scholarly publications to finally reveal Earth’s biodiversity
At a time when a million species are at risk of extinction, according to a recent UN report, ironically, we don’t know how many species there are on Earth, nor have we noted down all those that we have come…
All is FAIR in biodiversity research: Mandatory data audit at Pensoft’s journals
A thorough data auditing workflow ensures that datasets described in data papers across Pensoft’s OA journal portfolio are fit-to-use prior to peer review
Gimme six! Researchers discover aye-aye’s extra finger
The world’s weirdest little primate has gotten even weirder, thanks to the discovery of a tiny extra digit. A study led by researchers from North Carolina State University has found that aye-ayes possess small “pseudothumbs” – complete with their own…
Research improves understanding of mechanism of atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart arrhythmia in humans. This condition increases the risk of heart failure, stroke, dementia and death, and current treatments have suboptimal efficacy and carry side effects. Looking to identify clues that might lead to…
Your healthcare provider’s expectations on whether a treatment works may impact its effectiveness
Study reveals how placebo effects can be transmitted socially
New NIH BRAIN Initiative awards accelerate neuroscience discoveries
Scientists have been developing astounding new tools for exploring neural circuits that underlie brain function throughout the first five years of the National Institutes of Health’s Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies® (BRAIN) Initiative. Now, the NIH has announced its…
Hope for millions of IBS sufferers as research identifies cause of pain as ‘gut itch’
Australian researchers identify a link between itchy skin and gut pain, caused by identical receptors
How hunger makes food tastier: a neural circuit in the hypothalamus
Researchers at the National Institute for Physiological Sciences in Okazaki identify the neural pathways that cause hunger-induced increases in the preference for sweet foods and the decreased sensitivity to aversive tastes in mice
Dr. Manel Esteller is recognized by Stanford University for its scientific impact worldwide
Dr. Manel Esteller, director of the Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, is recognized by Stanford University for its scientific impact worldwide
Human medicines affect fish behavior
Human medicines that act on important signal systems in the brain make fish bolder, shows a new study on three-spined sticklebacks by researchers at Linköping University. The results reinforce that the signal substances serotonin and dopamine play important roles in…
Startled fish escape using several distinct neuronal circuits
A fast knee-jerk “ballistic” escape response and a more considered “delayed” escape response are mediated by distinct and parallel neuronal pathways in zebrafish, according to a study published October 15 in the open-access journal PLOS Biology by Harold Burgess of…
Frailty: The rising global health burden for an aging society
October 15, 2019 — Despite the evidence on risk factors for frailty, and the substantial progress that has been made in frailty awareness, the biological mechanisms underlying its development are still far from understood and translation from research to clinical…
Gene mutation in the chloride channel triggers rare high blood pressure syndrome
When the adrenal gland produces too much aldosterone, this often leads to high blood pressure and kidney damage (hyperaldosteronism). It has only recently emerged that several patients harbor a mutation in the gene for the ClC-2 chloride channel. Researchers led…
Learning motor skills requires the ‘feeling’ part of the brain
The somatosensory cortex, but not motor cortex, is needed for consolidation of motor memories
Study questions ‘cross-transfer’ benefits of special exercise technique
A paper recently published by researchers from the Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI) at the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine questions the effectiveness of a patented exercise system for relieving lower back pain. In a study published in the…
Sox9 reshapes the biliary tree in Alagille syndrome
Alagille syndrome is a rare pediatric genetic disorder that can affect the liver, heart, kidneys, blood vessels, skeleton and other tissues. One major characteristic of this condition is abnormalities in the ducts that carry bile, a yellowish liquid that helps…
Vaccine to Block Digestive Hormone May Slow Growth of Pancreatic Cancer
New research suggests a vaccine that blocks a digestive hormone may slow the spread of pancreatic cancer, potentially increasing survival rates. The study, published ahead of print in the American Journal of Physiology—Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, was chosen as an APSselect article for October.
Neurofeedback increases self-esteem by rebalancing brain circuits in depression
A multi-institutional study discovered that neurofeedback training can alter guilt-related brain wirings in patients with Major Depression Disorder
Light-based strategy effectively treats carbon monoxide poisoning in rats
BOSTON – Carbon monoxide (CO)–which is produced by cars and trucks, as well as fires and explosions–is a toxic, colorless, and odorless gas, and there are more than 50,000 admissions to US emergency rooms due to CO poisoning each year,…
‘Sticky’ gene may help Valium calm nerves
NIH mouse study could prompt scientists to rethink how benzodiazepines work
Biomedical Engineering Society names Weiqiang Chen a 2019 Young Innovator
BROOKLYN, New York, Thursday, October 10, 2019 – The Biomedical Engineering Society has named Weiqiang Chen, assistant professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering and of biomedical engineering at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering, a 2019 Young Innovator of Cellular…
Deep3DFly: the deep-learning way to design fly-like robots
“Just think about what a fly can do,” says Professor Pavan Ramdya, whose lab at EPFL’s Brain Mind Institute, with the lab of Professor Pascal Fua in EPFL’s Institute for Computer Science, led the study. “A fly can climb across…
Scientists find gender-distinct circuit for depression
EAST LANSING, Mich. – Depression affects women nearly twice as much as men, but unraveling the brain’s blueprint that regulates this behavior, let alone identifying specific molecular differences between sexes, has proven difficult. Michigan State University researchers, however, have found…
New study supports nervous system’s role in age-related weakness
A study recently published by researchers from the Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI) at the Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, in collaboration with a colleague from outside Ohio University, finds new evidence to support the belief that…
Morris Animal Foundation awards more than $1 million for small animal studies
DENVER/Oct. 8, 2019 – Morris Animal Foundation, a leader in advancing animal health, is awarding more than $1 million in grants for 16 canine and feline research projects. The studies will help veterinary scientists improve the health and quality of…
2019 Nobel Prize: APS Congratulates New Laureates Kaelin, Ratcliffe and Semenza
The 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza for their work on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability. The American Physiological Society (APS) congratulates the winners for their discoveries and contributions to the understanding of the use and regulation of oxygen.
Icaros: Flight simulator home trainer
The German Sport University carried out research to see whether full-body exergaming in virtual reality can be appropriately applied for training and therapy purposes
Blocking a Hormone’s Action in Immune Cells May Reduce Heart Disease Risk
Blocking the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)—a protein that helps maintain normal levels of salt and water in the body—in immune cells may help reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke by improving blood vessel health. The study will be presented today at the American Physiological Society (APS) Aldosterone and ENaC in Health and Disease: The Kidney and Beyond Conference in Estes Park, Colo.
Study pinpoints Alzheimer’s plaque emergence early and deep in the brain
Long before symptoms like memory loss even emerge, the underlying pathology of Alzheimer’s disease, such as an accumulation of amyloid protein plaques, is well underway in the brain. A longtime goal of the field has been to understand where it…
Researchers discover a new defensive mechanism against bacterial wound infections
Wound inflammation which results in impaired wound healing can have serious consequences for patients. Researchers from Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin have discovered a new defensive mechanism which enables our skin to actively kill bacteria. Central to this mechanism is a…
Short-term Probiotics Regimen May Help Treat Gout, Kidney Disease
New research suggests that an individualized probiotic therapy regimen may improve symptoms of gout, gout-related kidney disease and other signs of metabolic syndrome. The study will be presented today at the American Physiological Society (APS) Aldosterone and ENaC in Health and Disease: The Kidney and Beyond Conference in Estes Park, Colo.
MIT sets out to model Alzheimer’s disease complexity on a chip
The complexity of Alzheimer’s disease, which affects many types of cells in the brain including its blood vessels, has proven difficult to recreate in the lab. With a new $5.6 million, five-year grant from the National Institutes of Health, MIT…
Chair yoga more effective than music therapy in older adults with advanced dementia
Pilot study first to show adults with advanced dementia can participate in non-pharmacological interventions
Sex-based differences in the development of brain hubs involved in memory and emotion
Findings may help researchers understand why mental disorders present differently in males and females during adolescence
TTUHSC researchers use NHANES to search for hypothyroid-sleep apnea link
Study indicates hypothyroidism patients are more likely to develop the sleep disorder
Father’s obesity in puberty doubles the risk of asthma in his future offspring
A Norwegian study shows that boys who are obese in pre-puberty have an over two times higher risk of having children with asthma than those who are not
Amputees merge with their bionic leg
Djurica Resanovic lost his leg in a motorbike accident several years ago which resulted in amputation above the knee. Thanks to novel neuroprosthetic leg technology, Resanovic was successfully merged with his bionic leg during clinical trials in Belgrade, Serbia. “After…
Discovered new regulation for infant growth
Researchers at the University of Bergen in Norway have identified new genetic signals for the regulation of how infants grow; this may be a crucial step in the fight against growth-related diseases
Is this brain cell your ‘mind’s eye’?
Only brain activity involving ‘L5p neurons’ enters conscious awareness, says new theory
AI system accurately detects key findings in chest X-rays of pneumonia patients within 10 seconds
From 20 minutes or more to 10 seconds. Researchers from Intermountain Healthcare and Stanford University say 10 seconds is about how quickly it took a new system they studied that utilizes artificial intelligence to accurately identify key findings in chest…