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UrduImprovements to the lab’s “electron camera” use AI and “time stamping” to help reveal nature’s speedy processes more accurately.
Month: July 2024
Transgender adults have double the prevalence of cirrhosis as cisgender adults
A new study from Keck Medicine of USC published in The American Journal of Gastroenterology finds that transgender adults have double the prevalence of cirrhosis compared to cisgender adults (people whose gender identity matches the sex they were assigned at birth), suggesting a need for more supportive, preventive care.
Texas Tech Professor Receives DOE Grant to Advance Clean Energy
The project is part of more than $17 million invested in university-led research.
Researchers find biological clues to mental health impacts of prenatal cannabis exposure
In research published in Nature Mental Health this month, researchers at Washington University in St. Louis outline the intermediate biological steps that could play into how prenatal cannabis exposure leads to behavioral issues down the line.
Climate Change: Rising Temperatures May Impact Groundwater Quality
As the world’s largest unfrozen freshwater resource, groundwater is crucial for life on Earth. Researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have investigated how global warming is affecting groundwater temperatures and what that means for humanity and the environment.
Eyesight from a 3D Printer
Printing a new cornea during an operation to restore a patient’s eyesight: This groundbreaking step in the fight against corneal disorders is set to become reality with a laser based process using personalized bioink. The method was developed by researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in collaboration with Carl Zeiss Meditec AG and Evonik Healthcare.
Advancing Image Generation: Latest AI Model Enhances Precision and Diversity in Text-to-Image Creation
Researchers from Hubei Minzu University and Wuhan University have further advanced CRD-CGAN, an AI model that generates detailed and varied images from text, offering enhanced applications in sectors like digital marketing and virtual reality.
Motivated to disagree: What can be learned about rapid polarization from the Israeli judicial reform?
A newly-published study, conducted in the midst of last year’s widespread protests in Israel, has uncovered extreme polarization in public opinion regarding the judicial reform introduced by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government.
Expert available: Fourth human case of bird flu confirmed in the U.S.
The U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention has confirmed a fourth human case of bird flu. The patient, who has since recovered, worked at a dairy farm in Colorado. Previous cases have been reported in Texas and Michigan. Matthew…
Not So Selfish After All: Viruses Use Freeloading Genes as Weapons
Certain pieces of DNA have been labeled as “selfish genetic elements” due to notions that they don’t contribute to a host organism’s survival. Instead, researchers have now discovered that these elements have been weaponized and play a crucial role by cutting off a competitor’s ability to reproduce.
Tomato timekeeper: NF-YA3b gene’s role in flowering time revealed
Controlling the timing of flowering in crops is crucial for optimizing yields and adapting to climate changes. A recent study has identified a specific gene in tomatoes that regulates this critical phase, providing a significant step forward in the ability to fine-tune agricultural practices and enhance productivity.
Marital status and happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic
Abstract Objective This study examines the long-observed marital advantage in happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Background The COVID-19 pandemic may have altered the marital advantage in happiness due to changes in social integration processes. However, this has not been explored…
Stepfamily variation in parent–child relationship quality in later life
Abstract Objective We use a family systems approach to examine how stepfamily structure is associated with both positive and negative parent–child relationships while considering mothers’ and fathers’ discrepant reports. Background Two in five older couples with children are in stepfamilies.…
Adult sibling relationships: The impact of cohabitation, marriage, separation, and childbearing
Abstract Objective This study explores how life transitions, such as cohabitation, marriage, separation/divorce, and childbearing, affect three dimensions of full-sibling relationships (contact, intimacy, and conflict). Background Sibling relationships shape family dynamics and context, providing enduring support and affection as the…
Extending theoretical explanations for gendered divisions of care during the COVID-19 pandemic
Abstract Objective This article extends pre-pandemic theories, empirically testing the salience of pandemic-based absolute and relative resources and time availability mechanisms for understanding gendered divisions of childcare across the COVID-19 pandemic. Background Multiple cross-sectional studies have examined gender differences in…
Coparenting profiles and children’s socioemotional outcomes in unmarried parents with low-income
Abstract Objective This study aimed to examine patterns of mother–father coparenting relationship quality and their associations with child empathy, emotional insecurity, and behavior problems in families with low income. Background Given the growing number of nonmarital births and the high…
BDS High-precision service: current state, achievements, and future directions
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is undergoing a significant upgrade to meet the burgeoning needs for high-precision positioning across various sectors. The new services aim to provide decimeter-level accuracy within minutes, a substantial improvement over the current capabilities.
Cohabiting couple’s economic organization and marriage patterns across social classes
Abstract Objective Empirically examine whether different economic theories of marriage formation predict the transition from cohabitation to marriage differently across social classes. Background Less-educated individuals marry their cohabiting partners at lower rates than their college-educated peers, but the reasons for…
Pear-derived discovery: a genetic mechanism to fortify crops against drought
A pivotal study has shed light on a critical genetic mechanism that boosts plants’ ability to withstand drought. The research uncovers the role of the transcription factor PbERF3, native to wild pears, which works in concert with the protein PbHsfC1a to regulate genes key to drought tolerance.
Governance considerations and non-linear international scale-up behaviour among INVs
Abstract Underpinning this instrumental case study is an effectuation lens. It investigates how a firm’s governance affects decision-making within international new ventures (INVs), which rapidly withdrew from markets abroad, regarding their re-internationalisation activities. Interviews with founding owners, exhibiting growth-oriented objectives,…
Intergenerational and digital solidarity: Associations with depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic
Abstract Objective We aimed to explore dyadic latent classes of intergenerational solidarity with digital communication (texting, video call, and social media interaction) among older parent and adult child pairs during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether derived dyadic latent classes were…
State-level safety net spending and educational gaps in maternal time with children
Abstract Objective We examine how state spending on children is associated with the size of socioeconomic gaps in maternal childcare time. Background Persistent socioeconomic divides in the amount and nature of parental time with children have prompted consideration of the…
“The panic stays in your mind…concentrating more on the worries than the relationship”: Intimate partnerships during COVID-19 for immigrant women in New York City
Abstract Objective This study examines perceptions of change in intimate relationships among partnered, immigrant women in New York City during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We pay close attention to how structural oppression, particularly related to undocumented immigration…
The life course boat: A theoretical framework for analyzing variation in family lives across time, place, and social location
Abstract Objective We propose a life course theoretical framework for understanding variation in family life courses between birth cohorts (historical time), societies (place), and social groups (social location). Building on the life course paradigm, we explain how key predictors on…
Heterogenous causal effects: Potentials and pitfalls as illustrated with fatherhood and earnings
Abstract Objective To discuss how methods to estimate heterogenous causal effects can be applied in Family Science and to supply empirical examples using the case of fatherhood and earnings. Background Many questions important to family scientists do not focus on…
How gender shapes sibling tension in adulthood following parental death
Abstract Objective This study investigates gender differences in the effect of parents’ deaths on sibling tension among bereaved adult children. Background Previous scholarship on adult sibling relations following the deaths of parents presents inconsistent results. These disparate findings may stem…
How gender shapes sibling tension in adulthood following parental death
Abstract Objective This study investigates gender differences in the effect of parents’ deaths on sibling tension among bereaved adult children. Background Previous scholarship on adult sibling relations following the deaths of parents presents inconsistent results. These disparate findings may stem…
Advancing cervical cancer prevention in China: new insights and future strategies
Recent findings highlight significant advancements and challenges in cervical cancer prevention in China, particularly focusing on rising incidence and mortality rates in rural areas. The study underscores the effectiveness of the HPV vaccine and emphasizes the necessity for comprehensive public health strategies.
On-ramp or speed bump? How boards influence the internationalisation of international new ventures
Abstract This article aims to explore how the boards of international new ventures (INVs) develop throughout the internationalisation and growth phases of the firm. Specifically, the study explores how the nature and extent of the board’s role changes over time…
The role of political connections in rapid internationalisation: A study among Chinese international new ventures
Abstract Drawing upon the attention-based view, we examine whether political connections facilitate or hinder the speed of new venture internationalisation. Given the limited managerial attention and information-processing capacities of decision-makers, international new ventures (INVs) need to make a trade-off between…
A mistake in the diagnosis of mania can be fatal
Psychiatrists have revealed acute delirious mania. The condition is a severe psychiatric syndrome, the clinical signs of which develop rapidly and force the patient to require emergency care.
Experto de Mayo Clinic comparte cuatro pilares de la salud intestinal
Un intestino sano ayuda a reducir el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades inflamatorias como la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII), una afección crónica que causa inflamación en el tracto digestivo. Victor Chedid, M.D., gastroenterólogo y experto en EII de Mayo Clinic en Rochester, comparte cuatro pilares de la salud intestinal que las personas pueden seguir para ayudar a mantener el intestino sano y las enfermedades inflamatorias a raya.
Especialista da Mayo Clinic compartilha 4 pilares da saúde intestinal
Um intestino saudável ajuda a diminuir o risco de desenvolver doenças inflamatórias, como a doença inflamatória intestinal (DII), uma condição crônica que causa inflamação no trato digestivo.
تنبيه من خبير: حافظ على صحة أمعائك وتجنب الإصابة بالأمراض الالتهابية
مدينة روتشستر، ولاية مينيسوتا — تساعد الأمعاء الصحية على تقليل خطر الإصابة بالأمراض الالتهابية مثل داء الأمعاء الالتهابي، وهو حالة مزمنة تسبب حدوث التهاب في السبيل الهضمي. يقدم فيكتور شديد، دكتور في الطب، طبيب الجهاز الهضمي وخبير داء الأمعاء الالتهابي في مايو كلينك في مدينة روتشستر، نصائح يمكن للأشخاص اتباعها للحفاظ على صحة أمعائهم وتجنب الإصابة بالأمراض الالتهابية.
Getting bacteria into line
Researchers at Finland’s Aalto University have found a way to use magnets to line up bacteria as they swim. The approach offers more than just a way to nudge bacteria into order – it also provides a useful tool for a wide range of research, such as work on complex materials, phase transitions and condensed matter physics.
Like mother, like daughter: How caterpillars pass down food preferences to their offspring
Researchers from the National University of Singapore conducted smell tests with caterpillars and discovered that caterpillars’ preferences for certain types of plants are determined by factors, or substances, present in their blood.
UK government-backed start-up loans: Tackling disadvantage and credit rationing of new entrepreneurs
Abstract In 2012, the UK government made the decision to offer loans to new entrepreneurs who were excluded from the credit market through the start-up loan (SUL) scheme. By 2021, loans totalling £759 million have been issued to 85,809 new…
Revision needed? A social constructionist perspective on measurement scales for assessing gender role stereotypes in entrepreneurship
Abstract This article compares contemporary views of who and what constitutes entrepreneurship with dimensions captured in established scales for determining gender role stereotypes associated with entrepreneurship. In so doing, we respond to ongoing debates about the timeliness, contextualisation and predetermination…
How political connections affect entrepreneurial risk-taking in SMEs: A symmetric assessment and a configurational approach
Abstract Drawing on resource dependency theory and the resource-absorbing perspective of risk-taking, this article examines how political connections provide firms with opportunities to gain government funding support to enhance financial slack, which can in turn benefit their entrepreneurial risk-taking. We…
It’s all about identity: The identity constructions of LGBT entrepreneurs from an intersectionality perspective
Abstract This article illustrates how lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) entrepreneurs engage in identity construction from an intersectionality perspective. Our empirical findings suggest that the sexual identities of our interviewees are essential aspects of their daily business lives in…
Predictors of job crafting in SMEs working in an ICT-based mobile and multilocational manner
Abstract This article extends the discussion of the predictors of job crafting to include small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) working in an information and communication technologies (ICT)-based mobile and multilocational manner. Based on a survey (N = 412) conducted in 43…
Do enterprise education competitions have gendered outcomes amongst STEM early-career researchers?
Abstract This article examines whether an enterprise education competition is gendered and so, may have unintended gendered outcomes for male and female Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) early-career researcher participants. Sex-based differences in entrepreneurial intentions (EI) and entrepreneurial self-efficacy…
Corporate governance in international new ventures and born global firms
Abstract International new ventures (INVs) and born globals (BGs) play a significant role in the global economy. These firms have rapidly expanded into foreign markets offering unique products and services. Despite the role such ventures play in the global economy,…
Bringing the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship to circular economies: Knowledge and values in entrepreneurial ecosystems
Abstract Transitioning from a linear economy to a circular economy (CE) supports the realisation of societal values towards more sustainable development. This article identifies mechanisms by which circularity can be embedded in entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) through the flow of relevant…
Dynamic capabilities and employment during COVID-19: The moderating effect of government support
Abstract Although small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were particularly hard hit by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, some performed relatively well, maintaining or increasing employment growth. We study these differences in performance through the lens of dynamic capabilities (DCs)…
The creation of collective enterprises for social impact: An agency perspective
Abstract There is growing recognition of the important role that collective enterprises for social impact can play in resolving grand challenges. New forms of collective organisation are appearing on a global basis, yet we still know little about the process…
Start-ups and entrepreneurial ecosystems in the circular economy: A multi-level approach for safe and just planetary boundaries
Abstract A circular economy (CE) addresses the shift in economic systems from an unsustainable linear approach to a sustainable circular approach through start-ups and entrepreneurial ecosystems (EE). A single level of focus on CE research limits an understanding of the…
The creation of collective enterprises for social impact: An agency perspective
Abstract There is growing recognition of the important role that collective enterprises for social impact can play in resolving grand challenges. New forms of collective organisation are appearing on a global basis, yet we still know little about the process…
Innovative Program May Reduce Substance Use Among Formerly Incarcerated Men
A new study at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign School of Social Work has shown significant reductions in alcohol and substance use among formerly incarcerated men through a unique combination of critical dialogue and capacity-building projects.
Can Inflammation in Early Adulthood Affect Memory, Thinking in Middle Age?
Having higher levels of inflammation in your 20s and 30s may be linked to having memory and thinking problems at middle age, according to a study published in the July 3, 2024, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. The study looked at levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood.