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UrduNo evidence of extensive savannah formations during the current Holocene period
Month: December 2020
AI reduces computational time required to study fate of molecules exposed to light
Light-induced processes are critical in transformative technologies such as solar energy harvesting, as well as in photomedicine and photoresponsive materials. Theoretical studies of the dynamics of photoinduced processes require numerous electronic structure calculations, which are computationally expensive. Scientists from the…
Obesity increases the risk of early hip fracture in postmenopausal women
Obese women have an increased risk of hip fracture earlier than others, already well before the age of 70, a new study from the University of Eastern Finland shows. The study followed 12,715 women for a period of 25 years.…
Drug reverses age-related cognitive decline within days
Rapid mental rejuvenation in old mice suggests age-related losses may be broadly reversible
Meningococcus B vaccine prevents disease with 79 per cent effectiveness in under-18s
Meningococcus B vaccine prevents disease with 79 per cent effectiveness in children and young people under 18, real-world case-control study finds
European colonization accelerated erosion tenfold
Rates of soil erosion and alluvium accumulation in North America accelerated 10-fold after Europeans colonized the continent, according to new research carried out by scientists from China, Belgium and USA. In a paper published today in Nature Communications , the…
Army researchers look to reduce rotorcraft noise
Experimental, simulation results reveal how coaxial, co-rotating rotors may lead to a quieter hover
Scientists warn of the social and environmental risks tied to the energy transition
A new international study by the ICTA-UAB and the McGill University (Canada) maps resistance movements’ associated with green energy and fossil fuel projects
A semiconductor chip detects antigen concentrations at 1 parts per quadrillion molar mass
For use as an at-home IoT biosensor
New study links number of menopause symptoms with job performance
Results additionally show correlation between lack of exercise and job-related stress with higher number of symptoms
Rock-a-bye fly: Why vibrations lead to sleepiness
Researchers discover that gentle vibration can induce sleep in flies through a simple form of learning
Seismic activity of New Zealand’s alpine fault more complex than suspected
A rupture along the full length of the fast-slipping Alpine Fault on New Zealand’s South Island poses the largest potential seismic threat to the southern and central parts of the country. But new evidence of a 19th century earthquake indicates…
AI-based ‘OxyGAN’ is a robust, effective method to measure tissue oxygen levels
New AI-based algorithm processes tissue oxygenation data faster and more accurately than conventional techniques
Multi-center, multi-tracer PET studies harmonized to detect neuroinflammation in ALS
Reston, VA–A novel ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) study has pooled data from multiple sites to effectively visualize neuroinflammation, which is key to developing drugs to treat the disease. Pooling data acquired from different scanners, different neuroinflammation positron emission tomography (PET)…
New method sees fibers in 3D, uses it to estimate conductivity
As a vehicle travels through space at hypersonic speeds, the gases surrounding it generate heat at dangerous temperatures for the pilot and instrumentation inside. Designing a vehicle that can drive the heat away requires an understanding of the thermal properties…
Engaging family caregivers key to coordinated home health care
MU researcher identifies resources to support overburdened family caregivers
Graphene: The building block for sustainable cities
Advanced materials could help us to literally build life-enhancing technology into smart cities
Glucosamine may reduce overall death rates as effectively as regular exercise
Glucosamine supplements may reduce overall mortality about as well as regular exercise does, according to a new epidemiological study from West Virginia University. “Does this mean that if you get off work at five o’clock one day, you should just…
System-on-chip design: From system to transistor
A must-read for system and circuit designers, technologists and physicists from the World Scientific Advanced Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering
During the coronavirus pandemic, radio has proved to be the medium of reference
So affirms an article by the researchers Emma Rodero and María Blanco-Hernández, in which they demonstrate the influence of radio in crisis situations and especially during the COVID-19 epidemic
Environmental exposures affect therapeutic drugs
High-resolution mass spectrometry promotes new methods for analysis
How automated vehicles can impede driver performance, and what to do about it
University of Toronto Engineering study reveals some in-vehicle displays, such as takeover displays, leads to driver overreliance.
Why long-suffering hosts grow a thick skin
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have shown that the sclerodermatous skin changes seen in chronic graft-versus-host disease are mediated by transforming growth factor-β1 produced by apoptotic keratinocytes stimulated by interferon-γ
Obesity changes cell response to glucose, uses slower metabolic path in mouse liver
Trans-omic network shows obese mice modeling Type 2 diabetes chart a different path for responding to glucose than healthy peers
Tweaking carotenoid genes helps tomatoes bring their a-game
A research team led by the University of Tsukuba shows that modern gene editing techniques can help tomato breeders introduce diversity and improve the nutrition and environmental impact of tomato crops
Next step in simulating the universe
Researchers led by the University of Tsukuba devise a new approach to show how ghost-like neutrinos helped shape the Universe
Scientists identify new genetic MND risk factor in junk DNA
Researchers from the University of Sheffield have identified a new genetic risk factor for Motor Neurone Disease (MND) A neuroprotective drug which is already in development may be particularly effective for MND patients carrying the newly discovered genetic risk factor,…
Bleach-alternative COVID-19 surface disinfectants may pollute indoor air: USask research
Cleaning surfaces with hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectants has the potential to pollute the air and pose a health risk, according to research led by University of Saskatchewan (USask). The research team found that mopping a floor with a commercially available hydrogen…
Study to address food insecurity and other root causes of insulin resistance in HIV/AIDS
TULSA, OK – Tulsa CARES is partnering with researchers at the Hudson College of Public Health at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and the OU-TU School of Community Medicine at the University of Oklahoma to develop and test…
Breaking the rules of chemistry unlocks new reaction
Scientists have broken the rules of enzyme engineering to unlock a new method for creating chemical reactions that could unlock a wide range of new applications – from creating new drugs to food production. In their paper published today in…
Some primary school-aged children self-harm, prompting calls for earlier intervention
New research reveals that some primary school-aged children have self-harmed, prompting calls for intervention efforts to start earlier
New research reveals ‘megatrends’ that will affect forests in the next decade
A group of experts from academic, governmental and international organisations have identified five large-scale ‘megatrends’ affecting forests and forest communities, published today in Nature Plants . These are likely to have major consequences – both positively and negatively – over…
Learning at your own pace with AI
SMU Office of Research & Tech Transfer – When Singapore emerged from a two-month long COVID-19-imposed Circuit Breaker (CB), AI Singapore, a national Artificial Intelligence (AI) programme set up by the National Research Foundation (NRF) to anchor deep national capabilities…
Blockchain applications: Hype or reality?
SMU Office of Research and Tech Transfer – If you have been following banking and investing in the past decade, you will probably be familiar with ‘blockchain’. Often mentioned in relation to Bitcoin, you may even think that they are…
Hydrogen-powered heavy duty vehicles could contribute significantly to achieving climate goals
Analysis of the climate protection effect of green hydrogen on heavy duty vehicles
The shorter the delay, the more effective the neurofeedback
HSE University scientists have for the first time in the world investigated the impact of delayed reinforcement signals in neurofeedback (NFB) training. They have experimentally proven that reducing the delay in feedback (decreasing feedback latency) can significantly increase the efficacy…
Tackling ethics concerns regarding use of ‘carebots’ to assist older adults
A new analysis from North Carolina State University highlights the realistic pros and cons of apps and other technologies that use artificial intelligence (AI) to benefit older adults, including those facing dementia and cognitive decline. The work focuses on how…
Cost of planting, protecting trees to fight climate change could jump
Planting trees and preventing deforestation are considered key climate change mitigation strategies, but a new analysis finds the cost of preserving and planting trees to hit certain global emissions reductions targets could accelerate quickly. In the analysis, researchers from RTI…
Newest phase of massive slavery database welcomes public contribution
Michigan State University’s searchable database containing millions of records cataloging the lives of enslaved Africans and their descendants — Enslaved.org — is launching a second phase that will accept contributions from the public and from academic researchers. The one-of-a-kind hub,…
More evidence that cellular ‘death by iron’ could be promising avenue of cancer treatment
If there is a silver lining in cancer’s chaotic biology, it’s that the same traits that give cancer cells a growth advantage often present opportunities for sabotaging them. That’s the central idea behind a new research paper published November 23…
For people with certain BRCA mutations, activating the immune system could be promising treatment
Treatments that harness the immune system to fight cancer have greatly improved outcomes for some people with cancer. Scientists are learning more about why some people respond much better than others to these drugs. One major factor is something called…
Shrinking massive neural networks used to model language
A new approach could lower computing costs and increase accessibility to state-of-the-art natural language processing
How are older adults coping with the mental health effects of COVID-19?
Analysis reveals resilience in many individuals and what factors may be driving it
Climate change warms groundwater in Bavaria
Groundwater reservoirs in Bavaria have warmed considerably over the past few decades. A new study by researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) compares temperatures at 35 measuring stations, taken at different depths, with data from the 1990s. Water found…
How the insect got its wings: Scientists (at last!) tell the tale
WOODS HOLE, Mass. – It sounds like a “Just So Story” – “How the Insect Got its Wings” – but it’s really a mystery that has puzzled biologists for over a century. Intriguing and competing theories of insect wing evolution…
LSU Health New Orleans discovers drug development target for retinal dystrophies
New Orleans, LA – A team of LSU Health New Orleans researchers reports for the first time that deleting one of the inhibitors of the RPE65 gene in a mouse model that carries a human disease mutation prevents degeneration of…
Tunable rainbow light trapping in ultrathin resonator arrays
Through the manipulation of quasiparticles known as surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) metallic nanostructures can control light at the nanoscale, confining it to ultrathin gaps and magnifying the light intensity up to 1000 times. This light localization amplifies light-matter interactions and…
KU Leuven vaccine candidate protects against Covid-19 and yellow fever
Virologists at the Rega Institute at KU Leuven (Belgium) have developed a vaccine candidate against Covid-19 based on the yellow fever vaccine, which as a result also works against yellow fever. Results published today in Nature show that the vaccine…
RABus rolls out self-driving busses
New collaboration project to test electrified and autonomous vehicles in regular traffic — KIT studies acceptance and impacts
Post-COVID pain or weakness? Request an ultrasound or MRI
Advanced imaging can diagnose nerve/muscle