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UrduTendons are what connect muscles to bones. They are relatively thin but have to withstand enormous forces. Tendons need a certain elasticity to absorb high loads, such as mechanical shock, without tearing. In sports involving sprinting and jumping, however, stiff…
Tag: genes
Scientists discover gene signature for plaque-eating microglia in Alzheimer’s Disease
SINGAPORE, 21 May 2021 – Alzheimer’s Disease is the most common form of dementia and is characterised by the build-up of amyloid plaques in the brain. Microglia, the immune sentinels of the brain, are not only responsible for eliminating foreign…
Researchers identify a gene that causes canine hereditary deafness in puppies
Finnish researchers have been the first to determine the cause for the nonsyndromic early-onset hereditary canine hearing loss in Rottweilers. The gene defect was identified in a gene relevant to the sense of hearing. The study can also promote the…
Immune genetics and previous common cold infections might help protect Japan from COVID-19
A highly immunogenic HLA-A*24:02-restricted T cell epitope is shared between COVID-19 and common cold coronaviruses
Skoltech team completes a large-scale study into the role of RNA maturation for organ development
Researchers from Russia and Germany have created a genome-wide atlas of developmental alternative splicing changes of seven organs in six mammal species and chicken. The research was published in the journal Nature Genetics . As the protein encoding RNA matures…
UVA Children’s joins National Autism Care Network
One of 20 leading centers working to deliver the best care sooner
A plant-fungi partnership at the origin of terrestrial vegetation
450 million years ago, the first plants left aquatic life. Researchers from the CNRS and the Université de Toulouse III – Paul Sabatier, in collaboration with INRAE, have succeeded in demonstrating that this colonisation of land by plants was made…
How plants leave behind their parents’ genomic baggage
Passing down a healthy genome is a critical part of creating viable offspring. But what happens when you have harmful modifications in your genome that you don’t want to pass down? Baby plants have evolved a method to wipe the…
Coronavirus transmission in Queens drove the first wave of New York city’s pandemic
The most populous boroughs in New York City, Queens and Brooklyn, likely served as the major hub of COVID-19 spread in the spring of 2020, a new study finds. Led by researchers at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, the new…
New AI-based tool can find rare cell populations in large single-cell datasets
Computational approach enables analysis of meaningful data that otherwise may be lost in the noise
New report indicates annual economic impact of human genetics/genomics
Grew over $200 billion since 2010, outlines new areas of promising application
Long search finds grain of hope in the glume
Researchers have found the elusive genetic element controlling the elongated grains and glumes of a wheat variety identified by the renowned botanist Carl Linnaeus more than 250 years ago. The findings relating to Polish wheat, Triticum polonicum, could translate into…
Metabolic inhibitor IACS-6274 shows early antitumor effects in underserved patients
Drug developed by MD Anderson’s Therapeutics Discovery division is well-tolerated with effective glutaminase inhibition in Phase I trial
The importance of DNA compaction in tissue formation
Scientists led by Dr. Salvador Aznar-Benitah, head of the Stem Cells and Cancer laboratory at IRB Barcelona, have described the alterations that occur during mammary gland formation when heterochromatin (the part of DNA that does not actively produce proteins) is…
Discovery increases likelihood of growing food despite drought
Genes to keep plants green
Of mice and men: Mutation linked to autism impairs oxytocin-mediated social behavior
Mutations associated with autism can inhibit the release of the bonding hormone oxytocin and cause abnormal social behavior in mice
Scientists map gene changes underlying brain and cognitive decline in aging
Personalised models of cognitive decline offer novel insights into the multiscale alterations in the elderly and diseased brain, with important implications for identifying future treatment targets
Gut Check
At a glance:
Researchers identify links between genetic makeup of bacteria in human gut and several human diseases
Clusters of bacterial genes present in conditions including cardiovascular illness, inflammatory bowel disease, liver cirrhosis, and cancer
Work brings scientist closer to developing tests that could predict disease risk or identify disease presence based on a sampling of the genetic makeup of a person’s microbiome
Epitranscriptomics, Xenobiotic Nuclear Receptors, Arsenic Exposure, and More Featured in May 2021 Toxicological Sciences
Research on biomarkers, carcinogenesis, regulatory science, and more is available in the latest issue of Toxicological Sciences.
Chemical ‘nose’ sniffs critical differences in DNA structures
Detection innovation could enhance drug development and cancer research
Circadian rhythm research could turn early birds into night owls
Understanding the complex network of genes controlling sleep cycles in people, animals, plants can lead to advances in human health, crop production
Do people aged 105 and over live longer because they have more efficient DNA repair?
Whole-genome sequencing of people who live beyond 105 and 110 years reveals unique genetic signatures linked to protective processes such as DNA repair
Prenatal environmental contaminants and childhood disease
A state of the art plenary session during the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) 2021 Virtual Meeting discussed prenatal environmental contaminants and childhood disease, and the latest evidence for epigenetic mechanisms associated with transgenerational disease and public policy implications. Three generational…
Dogs’ aggressive behavior towards humans is often caused by fear
A study encompassing some 9,000 dogs conducted at the University of Helsinki demonstrated that fearfulness, age, breed, the company of other members of the same species and the owner’s previous experience of dogs were associated with aggressive behaviour towards humans.…
Development of microsatellite markers for censusing of endangered rhinoceros
Today, the Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is critically endangered, with fewer than 100 individuals surviving in Indonesia on the islands of Sumatra and Borneo. To ensure survival of the threatened species, accurate censusing is necessary to determine the genetic diversity…
NYUAD study sequences genome of extinct date palms germinated from 2,000 year-old seeds
This study marks the first time researchers have sequenced the genomes of plants from ancient germinated seeds
Mutant corn gene boosts sugar in seeds, leaves, may lead to breeding better crop
An abnormal build up of carbohydrates — sugars and starches — in the kernels and leaves of a mutant line of corn can be traced to one misregulated gene, and that discovery offers clues about how the plant deals with…
Geisinger awarded $3.6 million to study genetics of cancer
Contract with National Cancer Institute will leverage data from Geisinger’s MyCode Community Health Initiative
Extinct ‘horned’ crocodile gets new spot in the tree of life
New ancient DNA-based study on Madagascar crocodile suggests that modern crocodiles likely originated in Africa
Gene changes might explain long-haul COVID-19 symptoms
Airway cells exposed to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exhibited persisting changes in gene expression
Self-reported daytime sleepiness is associated with telomere shortening
Shorter telomere length was found in people without sleep apnea
Genetic Changes in Head and Neck Cancer, Immunotherapy Resistance Identified
A multi-institutional team of researchers, led by UC San Diego School of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, has identified both the genetic abnormalities that drive pre-cancer cells into becoming an invasive type of head and neck cancer and patients who are least likely to respond to immunotherapy.
Researchers solve puzzle of origin and formation of specialized body plan in flatfishes
The colonization of the seafloor is one of the most important events in evolutionary history, leading to an explosive radiation and large-scale morphological diversification of marine phyla. Flatfishes are one of the most successful groups of seafloor colonizers and have…
Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University find COVID-19 variants may offer clues in predicting patient outcomes as virus evolves
Researchers collaborate on genetic study of SARS-CoV-2 mutations
VR visualization supports research on molecular networks
A new VR platform enables the display of huge amounts of data. This can be helpful in the study of rare genetic defects, among other things.
Flexible diet may help leaf-eating lemurs resist deforestation
Digestive genes and anatomy are adapted to tough leaves, fruit and even pine needles
Genethon announces first patient dosed in clinical trial of gene therapy for DMD
A first participant was dosed at I-Motion, the pediatric clinical trial platform for neuromuscular diseases located at Trousseau hospital in Paris, as part of the gene therapy trial in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) conducted by Genethon. A young boy suffering…
“Molecular Tomographer” algorithm maps gene expression in space
As we accumulate more and more gene-sequencing information, cell-type databases are growing in both size and complexity. There is a need to understand where different types of cells are located in the body, and to map their gene expression patterns…
CNIO researchers explain the toxicity of USP7 inhibitors, under development for cancer treatment
Understanding the components that control cell division is fundamental to understanding how life works and how alterations in this delicate process can cause diseases such as cancer. It was precisely the discoveries of “key regulators of the cell cycle” and…
CityU biologists discover super-enhancers that switch on breast cancer genes
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer with a high fatality rate. Currently, chemotherapy is the major treatment option, but the clinical result is unsatisfactory. A research team led by biologists at City University of Hong…
Researchers demonstrate very high specificity of prime editors in plants
Prime editing (PE), a “search-and-replace” CRISPR-based genome editing technique, has great potential for gene therapy and agriculture. It can introduce desired base conversions, deletions, insertions, and combination edits into target genomic sites. Prime editors have been successfully applied in animals…
Japanese-European research team discovers novel genetic mitochondrial disorder
Team of Japanese and European scientists identify a novel genetic mitochondrial disorder by analyzing DNA samples from three distinct families
Adam Guenzel, PhD is the recipient of the 2021 Richard King Trainee Award
Adam Guenzel, PhD receives the 2021 Richard King Award for Best Publication by a Trainee in Genetics in Medicine
Scientists program microalgae’s ‘oil factory’ to produce various oils
By combining the ‘chassis’ of an oil-producing microalgae with genes from a Cuphea plant, scientists from the Single-Cell Center, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology (QIBEBT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), can turn the algae into a…
Simple genetic modification aims to stop mosquitoes spreading malaria
Genetically modifying mosquitoes to express antimalarial genes and pass them on to their offspring is being tested as a new strategy to eliminate malaria
DNA structure itself is involved in genome regulation
DNA supercoiling is an important contributor to the control of gene expression, and not just collateral damage that cells have to solve
For tomato genes, one plus one doesn’t always make two
Both people and tomatoes come in different shapes and sizes. That is because every individual has a unique set of genetic variations–mutations–that affect how genes act and function. Added together, millions of small genetic variations make it hard to predict…
CNIO scientists discovers a combination therapy for aggressive brain tumors
Glioblastomas are the most common and most aggressive brain tumours. Their survival rate has barely increased over the last 50 years, indicating an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies. In a paper published this week in the journal Molecular…
How to tame a restless genome
Short pieces of DNA–jumping genes–can bounce from one place to another in our genomes. When too many DNA fragments move around, cancer, infertility, and other problems can arise. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) Professor & HHMI Investigator Leemor Joshua-Tor and…
Carnegie Mellon/Yale PNA-based technique an essential part of the gene editing toolkit
In an article published in the April 8 issue of Nature , the National Institutes of Health’s Somatic Cell Gene Editing Consortium provided a detailed update on the progress of their nationwide effort to develop safer and more effective methods…