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UrduURBANA, Ill. – Pet owners are increasingly treating their “fur-babies” like members of the family. In response, some pet food companies are developing diets that more closely resemble human food, incorporating human-grade meat and vegetable ingredients that pass USDA quality…
Month: December 2019
Differentiating amino acids
A large part of the work inside cells is done by proteins acting as enzymes, transporters, channels, motors, supporting pillars and signaling devices. Proteins are three-dimensionally folded chains of diverse amino acids in a genetically encoded sequence. Whereas scientists have…
How cells get moving
Archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes are what biologists call the three domains of life. Of these three, archaea form an important link within the evolutionary theory. They are the direct ancestors of eukaryotes, but resemble bacteria in structure and organization. Archaea…
Poor sight causes people to overstep the mark
Visually-impaired risk falling by stepping higher and more slowly over objects
Cancer research: molecular machinery critical for cell’s ability to move identified
Many cells in our body constantly change their shape and move within our tissues. For example, wound healing and the immune system depend on migrating cells. On the other hand, uncontrolled cell migration is a hallmark of metastasis during the…
In mice, a high-fat, high-sugar diet remodels the microbiome and endocannabinoid system
Washington, DC – December 17, 2019 – Weight gain and diet have long been known to shuffle the population of gut microbes. More recently, studies have also connected weight gain and diet to changes in the intestinal endocannabinoid system (eCB),…
Healthy diet could save $50 billion in health care costs
Study examining 10 dietary factors finds that unhealthy diets account for almost 20% of heart disease, stroke and diabetes costs in the US
Developing a technique to study past Martian climate
UH Geology student awarded $285,000 NASA grant
Women who live near green space are less likely to be overweight or obese
The findings are presented in a new study of more than 2,300 inhabitants of seven Spanish provinces
Short story collection to entangle readers in the quantum world
Quantum shorts: Collected flash fiction inspired by quantum physics
New metrics needed to evaluate and combat HIV epidemics in the US
A new peer-reviewed commentary published in the January issue of the American Journal of Public Health argues for new metrics to evaluate the public health response to HIV in the United States. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services…
Study: US takes ‘low road’ to growth with adverse impact on wellbeing, future prosperity
Scandinavian countries take ‘high road,’ see positive effects
DOE awards $40M for SBIR & SBTT
U.S. Secretary of Energy Dan Brouillette has issued the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) second Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) for the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs for Fiscal Year (FY) 2020. The Phase I…
Scientists discover how proteins form crystals that tile a microbe’s shell
A new understanding of the nucleation process could shed light on how the shells help microbes interact with their environments, and help people design self-assembling nanostructures for various tasks.
Argonne-led team wins technology challenge at SC19
An extensive collaboration led by Argonne recently won the Inaugural SCinet Technology Challenge at the Supercomputing 19 conference by demonstrating real-time analysis of light source data from Argonne’s APS to the ALCF. Accelerator-based light sources — large-scale instruments used to investigate the fundamental properties of…
Martin, Pappu, Yang among most highly-cited researchers worldwide
Washington University ranks seventh in the world for its number of highly-cited researchers
In breakthrough method of creating solar material, NREL scientists prove the impossible really isn’t
Scientists at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) achieved a technological breakthrough for solar cells previously thought impossible. The scientists successfully integrated an aluminum source into their hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) reactor, then demonstrated the growth of the semiconductors…
NREL, Co-Optima research yields potential bioblendstock for diesel fuel
A novel oxygenate molecule that can be produced from biomass shows promise for use as a blend for diesel fuel, according to researchers at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
Fatty meal interrupts gut’s communication with the body, but why?
If that second helping of prime rib stuns your gut into silence, is that good or bad?
Taking an X-ray of an atomic bond
Understanding the behavior of materials at their interfaces – where they connect to and interact with other materials – is central to engineering a variety of devices used to process, store and transfer information. Devices such as transistors, magnetic memory…
Suicide plays smaller role in opioid deaths than thought
Columbia researchers, analyzing national data on opioid overdose deaths, have found that only 4% of opioid-related overdose deaths are due to suicide–far below recent estimates of 20-30%. The findings were published today in JAMA . “Our findings suggest that the…
Malaria under arrest: New drug target prevents deadly transmission
Australian researchers have found a new drug target for stopping the spread of malaria, after successfully blocking the world’s deadliest malaria parasite — Plasmodium falciparum — from completing the ‘transmission stage’ of its lifecycle
Study identifies way for employers to retain casual workers
Job enrichment may be an important tool for retaining seasonal frontline staff, according to a new University of Waterloo study. “Managers can use job enrichment to make work more engaging and to develop a bond between staff and the organization,”…
Effects of natural gas assessed in study of shale gas boom in Appalachian basin
Natural gas has become the largest fuel source for generating electricity in the United States, accounting for a third of production and consumption of energy. However, the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of natural gas have not been considered comprehensively. A…
Newly discovered protein gives signal for virus infection
Viruses have been part of animals and humans for eons. When viruses invade a cell, they can infiltrate the nucleus with their genome and become part of the genome of the infected organism. Viruses transfer their genes between various organisms,…
Consider marine life when implementing offshore renewable power
With countries such as Iceland, Costa Rica, New Zealand, and Norway adopting green energy practices, renewable energy now accounts for a third of the world’s power. As this trend continues, more and more countries are looking to offshore energy sources…
Scientists reveal the neural basis of confirmation bias
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC neuroscientists show why it is difficult to re-evaluate past judgments
Shifting the balance of growth vs. defense boosts crop yield
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) scientists are figuring out how to pack more kernels onto a corn cob. One way to boost the productivity of a plant, they say, is to redirect some of its resources away from maintaining an…
Clemson materials research may advance quantum computing
CLEMSON, South Carolina — An emerging technology called quantum computing may soon be capable of solving incredibly complex problems that are beyond the capacity of today’s most powerful supercomputers. When this eventually happens, quantum computing will revolutionize a range of…
Wiley and Bibsam sign open access agreement to include 45 Swedish institutions
HOBOKEN, N.J.–December 17, 2019– John Wiley & Sons Inc. (NYSE: JW-A) (NYSE: JW-B), a global leader in research and education, and Bibsam, a consortium of 85 higher education and research institutions, announced a combined open access and subscription agreement that…
In ancient Scottish tree rings, a cautionary tale on climate, politics and survival
A 1600s famine with echoes in the age of Brexit
High-def mapping of moisture in the soil
New method enhances predictions, even in areas where no data has been available
Interest in presidential eating habits may affect the public’s food choices
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — From presidential physicals to sudden health scares, the health of the commander in chief garners a lot of media attention in the United States. A recent study by a Penn State researcher examined how President Donald…
Filtered coffee helps prevent type 2 diabetes, show biomarkers in blood samples
Coffee can help reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes – but only filtered coffee, rather than boiled coffee. New research from Chalmers University of Technology and Umeå University, both in Sweden, show that the choice of preparation method…
Limiting global warming would relieve populations from wet and dry extremes in China
Limiting global warming to a lower level, such as the 1.5°C Paris Agreement target, would substantially relieve populations from precipitation extremes in China, according to a study recently published in Science Bulletin . The research, which is an extension of…
Genomic insights: How female butterflies alter investment in attractiveness vs. fecundity
By analyzing the genomes of orange and white females of the clouded yellow butterfly, researchers have identified the location and key components of an alternative life history switch that is only expressed in females
New animal model shows effective treatment for latent tuberculosis
Top clinicians call the results ‘dramatic’
MIPT researchers close in on new nonvolatile memory
Researchers from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, along with their colleagues from Germany and the U.S., have achieved a breakthrough on the way to new types of nonvolatile memory devices. The team came up with a unique method…
HIIT timing matters for increasing fitness
60-second intervals with 60-second breaks are effective whereas 30-second ones and 120-second rests aren’t
Compound in green tea plant shows potential for fighting TB, finds NTU-led research team
An antioxidant found in the green tea plant could become key to tackling tuberculosis one day, a team of international scientists led by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) has found. Through laboratory investigations, the team led by NTU Professor…
Blue mushroom dye used to develop new fluorescent tool for cell biologists
A new fluorescent tool for detecting reactive oxygen species based on a chemical found in mushrooms has been developed by scientists at the University of Bath. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as free radicals and peroxides, are produced in cells…
AI improves breast cancer risk prediction
OAK BROOK, Ill. – A sophisticated type of artificial intelligence (AI) can outperform existing models at predicting which women are at future risk of breast cancer, according to a study published in the journal Radiology . Most existing breast cancer…
RIT and IAR observe pulsars for the first time from South America
Upgraded radio telescopes enable scientists to study pulsars from the southern hemisphere
Sexual harassment may be reduced at fun work events, study finds
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — The office holiday party loses its luster in light of new study findings from researchers at Penn State and Ohio State demonstrating that incidences of unwanted sexual attention are increased at these and other “fun” work…
Large study links sustained weight loss to reduced breast cancer risk
Results show that higher breast cancer risk from excess body weight can be reversed with weight loss
Newly discovered retinal structure may enhance vision for some birds
A newly discovered retinal structure in the eyes of certain kinds of songbirds might help the animals find and track insect prey more easily. The foundation of avian vision rests on cells called cone and rod photoreceptors. Most birds have…
Researchers uncover genetic mystery of infertility in fruit flies
Findings may lead to better understanding of human genomes
Brain waves in mice change based on memory age
Researchers have discovered signatures in brain activity that allow them to tell old and new memories apart. A team at Japan’s RIKEN Center for Brain Science (CBS) analyzed recordings from mouse brains using a machine-leaning algorithm, which was able to…
Regenstrief VP co-authors National Academy report on AI’s potential to improve health
Seminal report focuses on hope, hype, promise, and peril of AI use in medical arena
Seasonal forecasts challenged by Pacific Ocean warming
CSIRO research has found global warming will make it more difficult to predict multi-year global climate variations, a consequence of changes to long-term climate variability patterns in the Pacific Ocean. The results, published today in Nature Climate Change , shed…