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UrduAstronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) found a young star surrounded by an astonishing mass of gas. The star, called 49 Ceti, is 40 million years old and conventional theories of planet formation predict that the gas should…
Year: 2019
SFU research points to unprecedented and worrying rise in sea levels
A new study led by Simon Fraser University’s Dean of Science, Prof. Paul Kench, has discovered new evidence of sea-level variability in the central Indian Ocean. The study, which provides new details about sea levels in the past, concludes that…
Can brain injury from boxing, MMA be measured?
MINNEAPOLIS -For boxers and mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters, is there a safe level of exposure to head trauma? A new study shows different effects in the brain for younger, current fighters compared to older, retired fighters. The study is…
2019 Breakthroughs in Gerontology (BIG) awards announced
Ursula Jakob, Ph.D. and Norbert Perrimon, Ph.D. receive prestigious BIG awards
2019 Glenn Foundation for Medical Research postdoctoral fellowships
Ten fellowships awarded this year to advance aging research
Glenn Foundation for Medical Research and AFAR announce 2019 grants for junior faculty
Fifteen early career scientists awarded
Nanoparticle therapeutic restores tumor suppressor, sensitizes cancer cells to treatment
In preclinical experiments, investigators restored p53 using synthetic mRNA nanoparticles, making lung and liver cancer cells susceptible to available cancer drugs
Cultural evolution caused broad-scale historical declines of large mammals across China
Extirpations of 5 megafauna taxa from much of China over the past 2 millennia were found to be closely linked to filtering effects driven by cultural evolution rather than climate change
New book series aims to provide frontier reviews on anti-infective agents
Frontiers in Anti-Infective Agents is a book series that focuses on antibiotics and vaccines, both current and new.
‘Tweezer clock’ may help tell time more precisely
Atomic clocks are used around the world to precisely tell time. Each “tick” of the clock depends on atomic vibrations and their effects on surrounding electromagnetic fields. Standard atomic clocks in use today, based on the atom cesium, tell time…
Benefits of electrification don’t accrue equally for women, finds survey of homes in India
Increasing access to clean and affordable energy and improving gender equality are two major sustainable development goals (SDGs) that are believed to be strongly linked. With electricity access, less time and effort in the developing world is needed for tasks…
A new tomato ideal for urban gardens and even outer space
Farmers could soon be growing tomatoes bunched like grapes in a storage unit, on the roof of a skyscraper, or even in space. That’s if a clutch of new gene-edited crops prove as fruitful as the first batch. The primary…
Parents: Turkey makes great leftovers — opioids do not
ANN ARBOR–Leftover prescription opioids pose big risks to kids, yet most parents keep their own and their child’s unused painkillers even after they’re no longer medically necessary for pain. But a new University of Michigan study suggests that convenient disposal…
Resurrected protein reveals structure of important enzyme
To disarm toxic substances, many organisms – including humans – possess enzymes called flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs). Despite their importance, the structure of the enzymes has not been resolved, as the protein is too unstable to study in detail. University of…
New polymer material may help batteries become self-healing, recyclable
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — Lithium-ion batteries are notorious for developing internal electrical shorts that can ignite a battery’s liquid electrolytes, leading to explosions and fires. Engineers at the University of Illinois have developed a solid polymer-based electrolyte that can self-heal after…
Scientists develop gentle, microscopic hands to study tiny, soft materials
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — Handling very soft, delicate items without damaging them is hard enough with human hands, let alone doing it at the microscopic scale with laboratory instruments. Three new studies show how scientists have honed a technique for handling…
Electronics at the speed of light
Contemporary electronic components, which are traditionally based on silicon semiconductor technology, can be switched on or off within picoseconds (i.e. 10-12 seconds). Standard mobile phones and computers work at maximum frequencies of several gigahertz (1 GHz = 109 Hz) while…
Gone fishin’ — for proteins
Using a new microscopic “fishing” technique, scientists at the Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM) and Université de Montréal have successfully snagged thousands of proteins key to the formation of the cell skeleton. Led by UdeM cell biologist Jean-François Côté, the…
Climate change not the only threat to vulnerable species, habitat matters
UMass Amherst ecologist and team: Madagascar’s rainforest could be lost this century, threatening endangered lemurs
The global reef expedition: French Polynesia
Scientists complete largest comprehensive study of French Polynesia’s coral reefs
OU geoscientists document 300 million year old atmospheric dust
OU geoscientists document the role of atmospheric dust on marine ecosystems 300 million years ago
OU K20 Game receives Students’ Choice Award
OU K20 Center’s real-world simulation game receives Students’ Choice Award at international competition
New nano-barrier for composites could strengthen spacecraft payloads
The University of Surrey has developed a robust multi-layed nano-barrier for ultra-lightweight and stable carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) that could be used to build high precision instrument structures for future space missions. CFRP is used in current space missions,…
Socioeconomic inequalities are decisive in the health of the elderly
A study by the UPV/EHU-University of the Basque Country concludes that health inequalities could be reduced by improving the socioeconomic situation of the elderly
NIH grant to study biomolecular interactions in hopes of informing drug design
Biomolecules — carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids — form the foundation of life and are responsible for carrying out every process that occurs in our bodies. Miniscule changes in how these biomolecules fold and interact can lead to severe…
‘Lost crops’ could have fed as many as maize
Experimental cultivation of seed crops lost to history reveals much higher yields than expected
Chimpanzees more likely to share tools, teach skills when task is complex
Study has implications for evolution of technology and culture in humans
Overuse of herbicides costing UK economy £400 million per year
Widespread use of herbicides leading to resistant black-grass is costing UK millions in profit
High-performance anode for all-solid-state Li batteries is made of Si nanoparticles
Large volume expansion during charging, the obstacle to using Si anodes in conventional liquid electrolytes, helps a Si anode composed of nanoparticles in solid electrolytes has high-rate discharge capability approaching those of Si films
Untangling links between nitrogen oxides and airborne sulfates helps tackle hazy air pollution
Dense, hazy fog episodes characterized by relatively high humidity, low visibility and extremely high PM2.5 have been a headache to many megacities including those in Mainland China. Among pollutants that are less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), airborne sulfate…
How cells relieve DNA replication stress
ATAD5 raised its profile as an active tumor suppressor by promoting DNA replication restart under replication stress
For CRISPR, tweaking DNA fragments before inserting yields highest efficiency rates yet
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — University of Illinois researchers achieved the highest reported rates of inserting genes into human cells with the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system, a necessary step for harnessing CRISPR for clinical gene-therapy applications. By chemically tweaking the ends of the…
Where do baby sea turtles go? New research technique may provide answers
A team of Florida researchers and their collaborators created a first-of-its-kind computer model that tracks where sea turtle hatchlings go after they leave Florida’s shores, giving scientists a new tool to figure out where young turtles spend their “lost years.”…
Delivery of healthy donor cells key to correcting bone disorder, UConn researchers find
Osteogensis imperfecta (OI) is a group of genetic disorders that mainly affect the bone. Patients with OI have bones that break easily, sometimes with no apparent cause. The disorder is commonly caused by mutations associated with type 1 collagen or…
People think marketing and political campaigns use psychology to influence their behaviors
A new study has shown that whilst people think advertising and political campaigns exploit psychological research to control their unconscious behaviours, ultimately they feel the choices they make are still their own. The research, led by Dr Magda Osman from…
New rules illuminate how objects absorb and emit light
Princeton researchers have uncovered new rules governing how objects absorb and emit light, fine-tuning scientists’ control over light and boosting research into next-generation solar and optical devices. The discovery solves a longstanding problem of scale, where light’s behavior when interacting…
Researchers to develop a theory of transients in graphene
The research considers behavior of graphene in the moment of its transition from the state of thermal equilibrium and the process of returning to this state.
Tool sharing in wild chimpanzees
Researchers examine tool-sharing behaviors in wild chimpanzee populations. The social underpinnings of tool development in early human evolution are unclear, but understanding related behaviors in chimpanzees may provide insight. Stephanie Musgrave and colleagues compared how wild chimpanzees in the Goualougo…
Threshold for Greenland ice sheet collapse
Researchers reconstruct the climate near southern Greenland during late Pleistocene interglacials. The complete melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) could contribute up to 7 m of global sea-level rise. Understanding the GIS response to past interglacial periods could help…
Rhythmic movement in chimpanzees
A study explores how sound induces rhythmic movement in chimpanzees. Music influences rhythmic movement in humans, suggesting a link between the brain’s auditory and motor areas. Understanding chimpanzees’ predisposition to music could shed light on the evolutionary origins of humans’…
On-skin, passive-cooling electronics
Researchers report the development of breathable, waterproof, and recyclable on-skin electronics with passive-cooling capabilities. On-skin electronics with thermal management capabilities for body temperature regulation can improve user comfort and reduce energy consumption. Most such devices rely on joule heating, with…
Locomotion in late Miocene hominoid
A study provides insights into the locomotion of the late Miocene hominoid Oreopithecus bambolii. The skeleton of O. bambolii, a hominoid from Europe dating from 8.3 to 6.7 million years ago in the Late Miocene, is more complete than that…
Buckyballs release electron-positron pairs in forward directions
Theoretical calculations reveal that when impacted by positrons of particular energies, spherical nanoparticles release unstable electron-positron pairs, with signals dominating in the same direction as the incoming positrons.
High fat diet impairs new neuron creation in female mice
Sex differences in adult neurogenesis may underlie dementia risk for women
Barring nonmedical exemptions increases vaccination rates, study finds
2016 California law helped restore ‘herd immunity,’ which prevents outbreaks, researchers say
2D materials: arrangement of atoms measured in silicene
Silicene consists of a single layer of silicon atoms. In contrast to the ultra-flat material graphene, which is made of carbon, silicene shows surface irregularities that influence its electronic properties. Now, physicists from the University of Basel have been able…
A new method for boosting the learning of mathematics
UNIGE researchers oversaw a new system of math learning whose purpose is to promote the use of arithmetic formulas at an early age; after a year, they observed a leap in students’ performance
Scientists create thin films with tantalizing electronic properties
As predicted by theorists, experiments show that barium zirconium sulfide thin films hold great promise for solar cells, LEDs
Asian black bears’ smart strategy for seasonal energy balance
Energy balance of Asian black bears
Home for the holidays — But will grandpa remember me?
Now there’s hope; Hebrew University team finds TB vaccine lowers rates of Alzheimer’s disease in cancer patients