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UrduResearchers at Hebrew University combine quantum dot ‘atoms’ and create new ‘molecules’
Month: December 2019
Planetary boundaries: Interactions in the Earth system amplify human impacts
What we do to one part of our Earth system does not just add to what we do to other parts: “We found a dense network of interactions between the planetary boundaries,” says Johan Rockström, Director of the Potsdam Institute…
Climate change and penguin diversification
Analysis of population genomic datasets for 11 penguin species indicates that species that currently breed in areas within the limits of Antarctic sea ice during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), 18,000-25,000 years ago, underwent near-simultaneous population expansions at the end…
Fossil shells reveal both global mercury contamination and warming when dinosaurs perished
ANN ARBOR–The impact of an asteroid or comet is acknowledged as the principal cause of the mass extinction that killed off most dinosaurs and about three-quarters of the planet’s plant and animal species 66 million years ago. But massive volcanic…
Cold-flu interactions
In a study of 44,230 cases of respiratory illness tested for 11 respiratory viruses over 9 years, researchers examined the statistical evidence for interactions between respiratory viruses and found that competition with seasonal flu may explain why common cold infections…
Decoding mathematical mystery of interlocking shells
A mathematical model explains how geometry and mechanical forces combine to generate the interlocking shells of oysters and other bivalves, according to a study. The 2 sides of oyster shells and those of other bivalves fit together seamlessly, protecting the…
Social media and career profiling
A study of Twitter text from 128,279 users representing 3,513 occupations finds that people in similar occupations exhibit similar personality profiles, as assessed from linguistic information, which suggests that personality profiles developed from social media fingerprints may help people find…
Splice-altering mutations and human disease
Researchers report how mutations may contribute to inherited predisposition to cancer by altering RNA splicing. Certain genetic mutations can cause disease by altering splicing of RNA transcripts, but such mutations can be difficult to identify and characterize. Mary-Claire King and…
Women need professional emotional support during high-risk pregnancies, study finds
Urging women to think positive is only helpful when providing coping guidance and support
Visual neurons don’t work the way scientists thought, study finds
Less than 10% of neurons in the mouse visual system behave the way scientists thought most such cells work to perceive the outside world
The effect of taking antidepressants during pregnancy
Early exposure to antidepressants changes sensory processing in the brain
Dominique Baker receives AERA and Spencer Foundation Grants
DALLAS (SMU) – Dominique J. Baker, assistant professor of education policy at SMU’s Simmons School of Education & Human Development, has been awarded an American Educational Research Association (AERA) research grant and a Spencer Foundation small research grant. The AERA…
Leptons help in tracking new physics
Electrons with ‘colleagues’ – other leptons – are one of many products of collisions observed in the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. According to theorists, some of these particles may be created in processes that extend beyond standard…
PET/CT plays role in lung adenocarcinoma management
AJR finds fluorodeoxyglucose PET, combined with high-resolution CT, has value for predicting invasive histopathologic subtypes of early lung adenocarcinoma
New way to make biomedical devices from silk yields better products with tunable qualities
Using methods common to plastics manufacturing, properties of silk-based devices can be tuned for strength, flexibility, molecular function and biodegradability
Connecting the prehistoric past to the global future
Research on global biodiversity has long assumed that present-day biodiversity patterns reflect present-day factors, namely contemporary climate and human activities. A new study shows that climate changes and human impacts over the last 100,000 years continue to shape patterns of…
From cancer medication to antibiotic
Modified cancer drug effective against multi-resistant bacteria
Reporters invited to attend Crohn’s & Colitis Congress®
Dec. 16 2019 — The Crohn’s & Colitis Congress®, the premier conference for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) health care providers and researchers, invites media to register for the 2020 meeting. A partnership of the Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation and the…
How do silt and sand differ when going with the flow?
Rice-led scientists show grain size, not speed of water, sets silt and sand transport
Study finds flirting among coworkers can reduce stress
PULLMAN, Wash.–Casual flirting with colleagues at work is relatively harmless and can even be beneficial, new research from Washington State University shows. The study, published in Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , focuses on what the researchers describe as…
Evolutionarily novel genes work in tumors
Scientists studied the tumor specifically expressed, evolutionarily novel (TSEEN) genes
Home hospital care proves an effective and cost-effective alternative to hospital care for selected
Below please find summaries of new articles that will be published in the next issue of Annals of Internal Medicine . The summaries are not intended to substitute for the full articles as a source of information. This information is…
Climate change could make RSV respiratory infection outbreaks less severe, more common
One of the first studies to examine the effect of climate change on diseases such as influenza that are transmitted directly from person to person has found that higher temperatures and increased rainfall could make outbreaks less severe but more…
Peer support program can help surgeons deal with adverse events that happen during surgery
A surgeon-specific peer support program has the potential to support well-being, improve patient safety, and decrease burnout, according to Journal of the American College of Surgeons article
Hospital patient portals lack specific and informative instructions for patients
INDIANAPOLIS — Most hospitals in the United States, but not all, have secure online websites called patient portals that give patients access to their personal health information. However, many hospitals fail to inform patients fully about using the portals, according…
Ancient events are still impacting mammals worldwide
Researchers find signatures of deep past in biodiversity patterns today
Scientist breaks down chemistry in iconic cartoons: SpongeBob SquarePants and Popeye
WASHINGTON, Dec. 16, 2019 — Are bananas actually that slippery? Could spinach give you superhuman strength? And what the heck is Toon Acid? This week, watch some cartoons alongside our writer and host, Sam Jones, and learn whether their chemistry…
Hydrogels control inflammation to help healing
Rice, Texas Heart Institute scientists model how synthetic gels can tune body’s inflammatory response
Immunotherapy: A promising alternative
Sophie Lucas, a researcher at the University of Louvain (UCLouvain) de Duve Institute, studies the immune responses that cancer patients can develop against their own tumour. ‘In the long run,’ Prof. Lucas says, ‘the goal is to try to manipulate…
Combination of chemo and diabetes drugs shows potential for treating Ewing sarcoma
Ewing sarcoma, an aggressive tumor that commonly affects bones in adolescents and young adults, is diagnosed in about 225 American children and teens every year, accounting for about 1 percent of pediatric cancers. Although Ewing sarcoma has been studied for…
Simple tool shows life expectancy after dementia diagnosis
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet and from the Netherlands have developed a simple tool that shows the survival probability of a person with dementia disease over three years. This, they hope, will facilitate dialogue with the most seriously affected and help…
Uranium chemistry and geological disposal of radioactive waste
New insights using the diamond light
London researchers first in world to use new device for feeding tube insertion
PUMA-G System could improve patient safety and reduce cost of health services
Physics of Living Systems: How cells muster and march out
Many of the cell types in our bodies are constantly on the move. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich physicists have developed a mathematical model that describes, for the first time, how single-cell migration can coalesce into coordinated movements of cohorts of…
Three quarters of teens who vape report using nicotine, marijuana, or multiple substances
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine provides data that highlight disturbing trends in teen e-cigarette use
Having to defend one’s sexuality increases fear of childbirth
In order to help people with fear of childbirth, there must be trust between the patient and the healthcare staff. But for many lesbian and bisexual women and transgender people, this trust never develops. These are the results of a…
Lazy moths taste disgusting
Scientists find that unappetizing moths make less effort to escape attacking bats
Evidence suggests previously unrecognized latex allergies may play role in equine asthma
DENVER/December 16, 2019 – Latex exposure could be detrimental to a horse’s respiratory health. That’s the surprising discovery from Morris Animal Foundation -funded research at the Royal Agricultural University and University of Nottingham. While further investigation is needed, researchers say…
E-cigarettes significantly raise risk of chronic lung disease, first long-term study finds
‘Dual use’ of both e-cigarettes and smoked tobacco is riskiest, say authors
Researchers explore factors affecting money management skills in multiple sclerosis
Kessler Foundation research team identifies executive dysfunction and depression as factors affecting the ability of a subsample of individuals with multiple sclerosis to manage money efficiently
Plastic biosensor finds sweet success
An electronic biosensor powered using the glucose in bodily fluids has been developed by KAUST researchers. The device pairs an electron-transporting polymer with an enzyme that extracts electrons from its reaction with glucose to drive its circuitry. The plastic biosensor…
Oil-catching sponge could soak up residue from offshore drilling
Drilling and fracking for oil under the seabed produces 100 billion barrels of oil-contaminated wastewater every year by releasing tiny oil droplets into surrounding water. Most efforts to remove oil from water focus on removing large oil slicks from industrial…
$1M Schmidt Futures grant awarded to accelerate computer modeling of the cosmos at IAS
James M. Stone, professor of computational astrophysics at the Institute for Advanced Study, heads IAS project on the Dynamics of Neutron Star Mergers, Star & Planet Formation, and the Interstellar Medium
All roads lead to migraine
An experimental human model of migraine found redundant molecular pathways mediating migraine attacks and their clinical features
Collective memory shapes the construction of personal memories
In the last century, French sociologist Maurice Halbwachs declared that personal memories are influenced by their social contexts. From this perspective, the memory function of individuals cannot be understood without taking into account the group to which they belong and…
Consumption of chili pepper cuts down the risk of death from a heart or cerebral attack
An Italian study, conducted on twenty-three thousand people and published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, shows that regular consumption of this spice is linked to a reduction of death risk for cardiac and cerebrovascular causes
Exploring associations between ultraprocessed food consumption, type 2 diabetes
What The Study Did: Associations between consumption of ultraprocessed foods and risk of type 2 diabetes were explored among a large group of participants in a web-based study cohort in France. Ultraprocessed foods generally contain food additives and have longer…
New estimates of neonatal abstinence syndrome, associated costs
What The Study Did: Neonatal abstinence syndrome is withdrawal that happens in infants who were exposed to opioids in utero during pregnancy. This study gives new national estimates of neonatal abstinence syndrome and associated health care costs. To access the…
Opioid prescribing patterns, overdose risk in teens, young adults
What The Study Did: Researchers used a private insurance claims database in the U.S. to examine opioid prescribing patterns and how they were associated with overdose risk among 2.7 million adolescents and young adults without cancer. To access the embargoed…
Review of studies on cigarette smoking, multiple sclerosis
What The Study Did: Researchers conducted a literature review of studies to summarize outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis who smoke cigarettes and who are exposed to smoke. To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at…