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UrduA healthy system of gut bacteria, or microbiota, is crucial to health: Gut bacteria not only aid with digestion, but also play an important role in the body’s immune response. Infants, however, are not born with full-fledged gut microbiota, which…
Tag: DEVELOPMENTAL/REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
Mouse sperm generated in rats
Researchers from the National Institute for Physiological Sciences in Japan successfully grow mouse stem cells into sperm in the body of the rat
Root cause: Plant root tips are constrained to a dome shape common to arch bridges
Researchers from Osaka University, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, and Kobe University find that plant root tips are constrained to a dome shape, similar to that of an arched bridge, because of one-directional and localized tissue growth
The key to proper muscle growth
When a muscle grows, because its owner is still growing too or has started exercising regularly, some of the stem cells in this muscle develop into new muscle cells. The same thing happens when an injured muscle starts to heal.…
Oahu marine protected areas offer limited protection of coral reef herbivorous fishes
Marine protected areas (MPAs) around O?ahu do not adequately protect populations of herbivorous reef fishes that eat algae on coral reefs. That is the primary conclusion of a study published in Coral Reefs by researchers from the University of Hawai?i…
A-maze-ing pheasants have two ways of navigating
Pheasants fall into two groups in terms of how they find their way around – and the different types prefer slightly different habitats, new research shows. University of Exeter scientists tested whether individual pheasants used landmarks (allocentric) or their own…
Male lyrebirds create an “acoustic illusion” to snare potential mates
Researchers discover unexpected role for mimicry
A cat of all trades
Large carnivores are generally sensitive to ecosystem changes because their specialized diet and position at the top of the trophic pyramid is associated with small population sizes. This in turn leads to lower genetic diversity in top predators compared to…
From melody to language
In the first few months of their lives, babies cry, babble, gurgle and make a variety of other peculiar sounds. It can be difficult to imagine that they are actually laying the foundations for later speech with these utterances. However,…
Red light put moths in the mood
Do you dim the lighting and turn on the red light for a romantic night in with your partner? It turns out moths aren’t so different in that regard. A new study published in Frontiers in Genetics shows that dim…
Bearded seals are loud — but not loud enough
Vocal threshold may hamper survival of this Arctic species
Building a brain: Pioneering study reveals principles of brain tissue structure, assembly
WOODS HOLE, Mass. — Understanding how the brain works is a paramount goal of medical science. But with its billions of tightly packed, intermingled neurons, the human brain is dauntingly difficult to visualize and map, which can provide the route…
Study finds human-caused North Atlantic right whale deaths are being undercounted
As recent sightings of entangled whales raise alarm, scientists say annual counts of right whale carcasses do a poor job of indicating true death toll
Scientists map the brain of a nematode worm
Researchers have mapped the physical organization of the brain of a microscopic soil-living nematode worm called Caenorhabditis elegans , creating a new model for the architecture of the animal’s brain and how it processes information. In a surprise twist, they…
‘Good bacteria’ in breast milk changes over time
Scientists discover complex and dynamic bacterial ecosystem in human breast milk using genomic technology pioneered for the International Space Station
New model helping identify pregnant women whose previous kidney injury puts them, babies at risk
Young pregnant women, who appear to have fully recovered from an acute injury that reduced their kidney function, have higher rates of significant problems like preeclampsia and low birthweight babies, problems which indicate their kidneys have not actually fully recovered.…
Cancer control: Non-DNA changes induce metabolism variations in hepatocellular carcinomas
Study reveals that m6A RNA modifications can differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma into sub-types with distinct metabolic profiles that can influence patient prognosis
Discovery of a mechanism by which epithelial tumours cause developmental delays
The systemic balance that coordinates the growth of an organism and its progress through the different stages of development occurs across the animal world and is regulated by internal and external signals. Examples of this balance are puberty in humans…
Stem cells provide hope for dwindling wildlife populations
A paper recently published in the scientific journal Stem Cells and Development shares an important advancement in conservation — one that may make the difference between survival and extinction for wildlife species that have been reduced to very small population…
How a gene called HAND2 may impact the timing of labor
A study explores the role of HAND2 in human and mammalian pregnancy
Vilcek Foundation video celebrates developmental geneticist Ruth Lehmann
Ruth Lehmann is the recipient of the 2021 Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science
Spina bifida can be caused by uninherited genetic mutations
Peer reviewed; experimental study; animals
Sex that is not for reproduction
Scientists have described mating-type determination mechanisms in Paramecium
Light and genetic probes untangle dynamics of brain blood flow
Understanding how the brain’s vast capillary network regulates blood flow could hold key to new treatments for neonatal and childhood neurologic conditions
Is odor the secret to bats’ sex appeal?
When falling in love, humans often pay attention to looks. Many non-human animals also choose a sexual partner based on appearance. Male birds may sport flashy feathers to attract females, lionesses prefer lions with thicker manes and colorful male guppies…
Handcuffing the culprit cancer: Immunotherapy for cold tumors with trispecific antibody
A new protein is developed to bring the tumor cells and cells of the immune system together and effectively kill tumor cells
One in 10 Ohio women thought abortion illegal amid attempts to ban at 6 weeks
Confusion further blocks access to reproductive health care, researchers say
Study discovers safe, effective oral treatment for uterine fibroids
A University of Chicago Medicine researcher-led team finds daily oral combination therapy could help some women avoid surgery for this common condition.
New study reports activated B. infantis EVC001 improves health outcomes in preterm infants
Study quantifies unprecedented reduction in enteric inflammation, diaper rash and antibiotic use via beneficial gut remodeling
Mother’s heart health in pregnancy impacts child’s heart health in adolescence
Previous research found 90% of US mothers have suboptimal heart health in pregnancy
Perceiving predators: Understanding how plants ‘sense’ herbivore attack
How ‘elicitors’ can initiate defense responses in plants against herbivores, and can potentially lead to development of pesticide-free agriculture
A boost for plant research
It is almost ten years since the scientific journal Science called optogenetics the “breakthrough of the decade”. Put simply, the technique makes it possible to control the electrical activity of cells with pulses of light. With its help, scientists can…
Common weed killers favour antibiotic resistant bacteria, new study shows
The use of weed killers can increase the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in soil, a new study from the University of York shows. Herbicides are one of the most widely used chemicals in agriculture and while these compounds are…
Avian insights into human ciliopathies
Ciliopathic micrognathia in a chick model results from abnormal skeletal differentiation and remodelling
Lower testosterone during puberty increases the brain’s sensitivity to it in adulthood
For men with lower levels during puberty, higher testosterone increases brain response to faces
Lemurs show there’s no single formula for lasting love
Brain imaging reveals that not all monogamous mammals are ‘wired for love’ in the same way
‘Sex, lasers and male competition:’ fruit flies win genetic race with rivals
Males with most impressive adornments have sperm that outcompetes rivals who mate first
Family ties explain mysterious social life of coral gobies
The strange social structure of tiny fish called emerald coral gobies may be explained by family loyalty, new research shows. Coral goby groups contain a single breeding male and female and – as “sequential hermaphrodites” – the subordinate gobies can…
Misuse of opioid drugs during pregnancy could have lasting impact on child’s development
Landmark animal study provides alarming new evidence on permanent damage caused by opioid use during pregnancy
Bone marrow ‘map’ opens path to organoid-like blood stem cell production
CINCINNATI–Imagine a day when clinicians treating people with blood diseases such as leukemia or multiple myeloma can send in requests for laboratories to custom-produce specific types of blood cells to replace those affected by the disease. That day became one…
Novel protein could reverse severe muscle wasting in disease, aging and trauma
Factor found that triggers muscle stem cells to regenerate: complete muscle replacement and movement achieved in mouse models
Known tumour suppressor gene found essential for development, regeneration&stress-response
Adult progenitor cells are present in the Drosophila fly as early as its larvae stage. These cells are the only ones that are maintained throughout development and they are responsible for giving rise to adult tissues and organs. Headed by…
Children’s finger length points to mothers’ income level
– links with diseases that begin in the womb
Registration is open for ISSCR 2021 Virtual Annual Meeting June 21-26
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Specific genes in placenta may predict size of baby’s brain and risk for schizophrenia
Study provides further confirmation of placenta’s role in early life development of schizophrenia, lays groundwork for preventing the brain disorder
Brain changed by caffeine in utero, study finds
New research finds caffeine consumed during pregnancy can change important brain pathways in baby
Tiny sensor technique reveals cellular forces involved in tissue generation
PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — A new technique developed by Brown University researchers reveals the forces involved at the cellular level during biological tissue formation and growth processes. The technique could be useful in better understanding how these processes work,…
Today’s stem cell special: Small intestine on a plate!
Enterocytes, which line the epithelium of the small intestine, are the sites of absorption and metabolism of most orally consumed medications. For this reason, studies on the absorption of novel oral drugs rely on in vitro or animal models to…
Genes for face shape identified
Genes that determine the shape of a person’s facial profile have been discovered by a UCL-led research team. The researchers identified 32 gene regions that influenced facial features such as nose, lip, jaw, and brow shape, nine of which were…
Hidden world just below the surface
Ocean surface slicks are pelagic nurseries for diverse fishes