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UrduOHSU lead author finds lessons to apply in rural counties across Oregon
Tag: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Pioneering technique paves way for fast and cheap fabrication of rapid medical diagnostic tools
New technology developed by the University of Bristol has the potential to accelerate uptake and development of on-chip diagnostic techniques in parts of the world where rapid diagnoses are desperately needed to improve public health, mortality and morbidity.
Changes in economic prosperity, cardiovascular mortality
What The Study Did: County-level mortality and economic data were used to investigate the association between changes in economic prosperity and rates of cardiovascular mortality among middle-age U.S. adults from 2010 to 2017. Authors: Sameed Ahmed M. Khatana, M.D., M.P.H.,…
South Africa: the rising temperatures will cost up to 20% of per capita GDP
Temperature rise due to climate change has negatively affected labour productivity in the past decades and will keep damaging it, potentially at a higher extent than what has been estimated in the literature up to now. In South Africa, a…
Assessment of suicide in Japan during COVID-19 pandemic compared with previous years
What The Study Did: Researchers assessed potential changes in suicide rates associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan through November 2020 and performed analyses by sex, age group, and occupational status. Authors: Peter Ueda, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of…
Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections among people entering China
What The Study Did: Researchers assessed the proportion of international entrants to China with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Since April, people entering China via air, sea or land have been mandatorily tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by PCR test at border checkpoints. Those…
Much to glean when times are rough
Scientists say stable seafood consumption amongst the world’s poorer coastal communities is linked to how local habitat characteristics influence fishing at different times of the year. In the coastal communities of low-income countries, the seafood people catch themselves is often…
Apps help integration and health of migrants
New study finds apps aided by artificial intelligence also improve mental health
Racial, ethnic differences in diagnostic imaging at children’s hospitals emergency departments
What The Study Did: Researchers examined if the use of diagnostic imaging for children receiving care in pediatric emergency departments in the United States differs by race and ethnicity. Authors: Jennifer R. Marin, M.D., M.Sc., of the University of Pittsburgh School…
Food export restrictions by a few countries could skyrocket global food crop prices
Global shocks such as COVID-19 call for improved political decisions and accountability to secure food for everyone
Prevalence, risk factors associated with self-reported psychological distress among children, adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic in China
What The Study Did: Survey data from school-age children and adolescents in Guangdong province, China, were used to assess self-reported psychological distress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Authors: Chichen Zhang, M.D., and Ruibin Zhang, Ph.D., of Southern Medical University in Guangzhou,…
SARS-CoV-2 infection in children, their parents in southwest Germany
What The Study Did: In this observational study, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection during a period of lockdown in southwest Germany was particularly low in children ages 1 to 10 years old. Overall, this large SARS-CoV-2 prevalence study in children is…
Advances in modeling and sensors can help farmers and insurers manage risk
When used appropriately, satellite data is rapidly expanding the potential to customize insurance for smallholder farmers, potentially increasing the resilience of marginalized rural communities
The downward trend: Nature’s decline risks our quality of life
Scientists conducted a sweeping review of nature’s contributions to humans in order to present a clear breakdown of global trends since 1970. Not surprisingly, the results are grim
Association of obstructive sleep apnea with risk of male infertility
What The Study Did: A large health insurance database in Taiwan was used to investigate whether obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor in male infertility and if treatment for sleep apnea is associated with risk. Authors: Ping-Ying Chang, M.D.,…
Suicide-related internet searches during early stages of COVID-19 pandemic
What The Study Did: This study monitored suicide-related internet search rates during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States and researchers report searches for suicide decreased during that time. Although this study cannot independently confirm that…
A mobile app against food waste
Today, data.org announced the eight global winners of the $10 million Inclusive Growth and Recovery Challenge, which aims to address major societal challenges through computer and data science. Among the winners is a project by BASE (Basel Agency for Sustainable Energy) and Empa that aims to give smallholder farmers in India access to sustainable cooling facilities through a mobile app to reduce food waste.
Associations of government-mandated closures, restrictions with mobility, SARS-CoV-2 infections in Nigeria
What The Study Did: This observational study examined how COVID-19-related government-mandated closures and restrictions were associated with changes in mobility and the spread of COVID-19 in Nigeria. Author: Daniel O. Erim, M.D., Ph.D., M.Sc., of Parexel International in Durham, North Carolina,…
Association of social, economic inequality with COVID-19 across US counties
What The Study Did: This investigation analyzed U.S. county-level associations of income inequality, racial/ethnic composition and political attributes with COVID-19 cases and mortality. Author: Tim F. Liao, Ph.D., of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, is the corresponding author. To access…
Cancer screening tests, cancer diagnoses during COVID-19 pandemic
What The Study Did: The number of patients undergoing cancer screening tests and of subsequent cancer diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic in the largest health care system in the northeastern United States was assessed in this study. Authors: Toni K.…
Progression of myopia in children after COVID-19 home confinement
What The Study Did: Researchers investigated the association of home confinement during the COVID-19 outbreak with myopia (nearsightedness) development in school-age children in China. Authors: Xuehan Qian, M.D., Ph.D., of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital in Tianjin, China, is the corresponding…
Rate of neonatal abstinence syndrome, maternal opioid-related diagnoses in US
What The Study Did: Variations and changes in national and state rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome and maternal opioid-related diagnoses were examined in this observational study. Authors: Ashley H. Hirai, Ph.D., of the Health Resources and Services Administration in Rockville,…
Suicide among individuals with autism spectrum disorder
What The Study Did: National register data from Denmark were used to examine if people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher rates of suicide attempts and suicide compared to those without ASD and to identify potential risk factors. Author:…
Oxford Brookes University hosts £5 million project to document endangered wooden buildings
The School of Architecture’s grant-giving worldwide programme will make records freely available online
Trained medical staff can perform safe, effective hernia surgery
Single blind, randomized clinical trial in Sierra Leone showed that task sharing can expand access to medical care without compromising quality
Examining association of age, household dysfunction, outcomes in early adulthood
What The Study Did: Population data from Denmark were used to examine whether age at exposure to negative experiences in childhood and adolescence (parents’ unemployment, incarceration, mental disorders, death and divorce, and the child’s foster care experiences) was associated with outcomes…
Public mobility, social media attention in response to COVID-19 in Sweden, Denmark
What The Study Did: Denmark was one of the first countries to enforce lockdown to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and subsequent gradual reopening, whereas Sweden has had few restrictions, largely limited to public recommendations. Researchers assessed public mobility and…
Risk of substance use disorder among patients with autism
What The Study Did: Researchers used health insurance data from Taiwan to investigate the risk of substance use disorder among patients with autism spectrum disorder and its associations with risk of death. Authors: Chih-Sung Liang, M.D., of the National Defense…
Comparing health outcomes of privileged Americans with residents of other developed countries
What The Study Did: Researchers looked at whether health outcomes of white citizens living in the richest U.S. counties were better than that of average individuals in other developed countries. Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel, M.D., Ph.D., of the University of…
Gates Foundation helps UC study sexual health of South African youth
Researchers show that rural girls look to social and cultural influences, not modern medicine, to prevent pregnancy and disease
‘Poverty line’ concept debunked by new machine learning model
New mathematical model uses machine learning to challenge conventional notions of a fixed international poverty line
Self-managed abortion attempts among US women
What The Study Did: Researchers used nationally representative survey data to estimate the proportion of women of reproductive age in the United States who have ever attempted to end an unwanted pregnancy on their own without medical assistance. Authors: Lauren…
US public attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccine mandates
What The Study Did: Researchers assessed the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine mandates in the U.S. public. Authors: Emily A. Largent, J.D., Ph.D., R.N., of the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine in Philadelphia, is the corresponding author. To access the…
SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with cancer undergoing antitumor treatment
What The Study Did: The rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients in Italy receiving antitumor treatment was evaluated in this study. Authors: Carlo Aschele, M.D., Ph.D., of Ospedale Sant’Andrea in La Spezia, Italy, is the corresponding author. To access the embargoed…
COVID-19 escalated armed conflicts in several war-torn countries
India, Iraq, Libya, Pakistan and Philippines all saw an escalation of civil wars
COVID-19 as leading cause of death in US
What The Viewpoint Says: This Viewpoint uses Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data to compare the COVID-19 mortality rate in 2020 with prior leading causes of death (heart disease, cancer, lung disease and injury) to put into context the…
intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor use in France during COVID-19 pandemic
What The Study Did: This study quantified changes in the use of intravitreal (IVT) anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGF), the main treatment for retinal vascular abnormalities, since the COVID-19 pandemic started in France. Authors: Sophie Billioti de Gage, Pharm.D., P.D., of…
A no-meat diet everywhere will not solve the climate crisis
Livestock are globally criticized for adverse environmental impacts; but promoting a no-meat diet is not a blanket solution to the climate crisis and ignores the role livestock play in low- and middle-income countries
How much greenhouse gas emission comes from tropical deforestation and peatland loss?
New research on forest loss and degradation in Cameroon and Indonesia, and peatland degradation in Peru, can help countries better quantify greenhouse gas emissions. The research can guide emission-reduction targets under the Paris Agreement
Suicide risk among patients with Parkinson disease
What The Study Did: Researchers investigated whether Parkinson disease was associated with an increased risk of suicide among a large group of patients in Taiwan. Authors: Pei-Chen Lee, Ph.D., of the National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences in…
Balancing climate and development goals
Delaying less developed countries’ efforts to reduce carbon emissions would have a minimal impact on global temperature change
Change in use, perceptions of nicotine vaping among US youth 2017-2020
What The Study Did: This study estimates how common nicotine vaping is, its perceived harm and the accessibility of nicotine vaping products among U.S. adolescents from 2017 to 2020. Authors: Richard Miech, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor,…
Empowering women could help address climate change
Current and future damages of climate change depend greatly on the ability of affected populations to adapt to changing conditions. According to an international group of researchers, building capacity to adapt to such changes will require eradicating inequalities of many…
Cooperation across boundaries and sectors could boost sustainable development
A new analysis of food, energy, water, and climate change in the Indus Basin shows how a cross-boundary and multi-sectoral perspective could lead to economic benefits and lower costs for all countries involved. Countries in South Asia’s Indus River Basin…
Pioneering research and innovation through the Nairobi Alliance
The Nairobi Alliance is a strategic partnership between the Universities of Leicester, Nairobi (Kenya), Malawi, Rwanda and Witwatersrand (South Africa). Developed from the friendship and co-operation of academics across the five universities, the partnership builds on the strengths of each…
New report finds global health research infrastructure imperiled by COVID-19
Interviews with experts reveal funding, staff diversions and delayed clinical trials undermining fight against many threats–but also optimism for new era of innovation
Six environmental trailblazers honoured as UNEP Champions of the Earth
The Champions of the Earth award is the UN’s highest environmental honour
High-tech fixes for the food system could have unintended consequences
New technology is needed for our failing food systems; but anticipating trade-offs is crucial to making sure fixes do not create unmanageable new problems
Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality in us national sample of patients with COVID-19
What The Study Did: Patients with COVID-19 who were treated in U.S. hospitals are described in this study that examines risks factors associated with in-hospital death. Authors: Ning Rosenthal, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., of Premier Applied Sciences in Charlotte, North Carolina,…
$20.6 billion to help women, newborns, young children and adolescents
Funding secured to recover health and social services lost to COVID-19