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UrduA Bayesian statistical analysis of the chronology of life’s emergence and development on Earth suggests that if Earth’s history were to be repeated, life would likely emerge similarly early compared with when life emerged in reality, but that, in contrast,…
How flying insects navigate
Flying insects integrate multiple types of sensory cues to locate and navigate toward virtual objects in a complex 3D landscape, a study finds. Flying insects are remarkable for their ability to rapidly locate objects such as food and mates while…
Changes in the Neoproterozoic phosphorus cycle
A study finds changes to the marine phosphorus cycle in the Ediacaran Period that may have contributed to the development of biological diversity and complexity. A major increase in the deposition of phosphorus-rich phosphorite rocks toward the end of the…
Technology makes tissues elastic and lasting for easier imaging
When there’s a vexing problem to be solved, people sometimes offer metaphorical advice such as “stretching the mind” or engaging in “flexible” thinking, but in confronting a problem facing many biomedical research labs, a team of MIT researchers has engineered…
Study reveals disparity between fibroblasts of different pancreatic diseases
Fibroblasts present in different pancreatic diseases are genetically distinct and their functions are ‘programmed’ by the unique environment of each disease, according to new research from the University of Liverpool (UK). As well as different genetic profiles, the team found…
Mindfulness training shows promise for people with MS
Study shows benefits for emotions, processing speed
For people in diverse areas, community identity supersedes racial, ethnic differences
PRINCETON, N.J.–In an increasingly polarized world, many see people who are different from them as “outsiders,” or even a threat. Yet, around the world, this tends to be more common in traditionally homogenous societies, according to a series of studies…
Early Bird uses 10 times less energy to train deep neural networks
Novel training method could shrink carbon footprint for greener deep learning
UCLA physicists develop world’s best quantum bits
A team of researchers at UCLA has set a new record for preparing and measuring the quantum bits, or qubits, inside of a quantum computer without error. The techniques they have developed make it easier to build quantum computers that…
COVID-19: Lessons to learn about the first 4.0 pandemic
A conjunction of biological and social factors
Liver cancer: Awareness of hepatitis D must be raised
Of all the hepatitis viruses, D is the most poorly known. This small virus, which can only infect people already infected with Hepatitis B, has so far been little studied. Hepatitis D is one of the most dangerous forms of chronic viral…
Coronavirus infections may lead to delirium and potentially PTSD
People taken ill by coronavirus infections may experience psychiatric problems while hospitalised and potentially after they recover, suggests an analysis of past research led by the UCL Institute of Mental Health with King’s College London collaborators. The systematic review paper,…
New study shows persistence of meltwater biodiversity despite glacier loss
GLACIER NATIONAL PARK – Glaciers are retreating in Glacier National Park and across the globe due to climate change. Researchers have long predicted that the shrinkage and disappearance of glaciers will reduce biodiversity in mountain ecosystems as species that live…
Superconductors with ‘zeitgeist’ — When materials differentiate between past and future
What happened yesterday and what will happen tomorrow are usually two different and quite independent matters. The past and the future of human life are not symmetric and therefore not reversible. In physics, this is different. The fundamental forces of…
The Lancet Psychiatry: Study finds few immediate mental health effects of COVID-19, but longer-term impact must be considered
Most people with severe coronavirus infections (ie, SARS, MERS, and COVID-19) appear to recover without experiencing mental illness.
South Asia faces increased threat of extreme heat, extreme pollution, study shows
A report authored by a Texas A&M professor details how often people in the region will be threatened by the hazards of pollution and heat
Location, location, location: The cell membrane facilitates RAS protein interactions
Salk scientists uncover how RAS proteins bind and get destroyed, which may improve cancer therapeutics
The brain’s facial recognition area doesn’t differentiate outgroup members
Difficulty in telling members of an outgroup apart linked to visual processing
How experiencing traumatic stress leads to aggression
Strengthened amygdala pathways increase aggression, may be targets for PTSD treatment
Jurassic stick insect performed mimicry to defend against predators
Phasmatodea , commonly known as stick insects and leaf insects, are icons of crypsis and primary defense specialization, exhibiting a wide range of remarkable morphological and behavioral modifications associated with camouflage. Most of extant stick and leaf insects have the…
Should schools go screen-free
Study reveals significant portion of US middle and high schools do not limit phone use during lunch or recess
Scientists identify promising immunotherapy combination for pediatric brain cancer
Sanford Burnham Prebys researchers find drug that removes the ‘invisibility cloak’ from medulloblastoma
Quantum Hall effect ‘reincarnated’ in 3D topological materials
2D order protects several entangled states that could be used in quantum computing
Stretch and flow: Research sheds light on unusual properties of well-known materials
Toothpaste, face creams, hair gel, mayonnaise, and ketchup are household items that most people don’t think twice about but, in terms of their flow behavior, they have unusual properties. They’re all elasto-visco-plastic (EVP) materials, which behave like solids when at…
Maintaining heart health may protect against cognitive decline
Study suggests increased heart disease risk indicates future memory disorder
ISE — Ongoing support for the scientific research community in the global effort to contain COVID-19
The current COVID-19 pandemic is having a huge impact on people across the globe and in these unprecedented times we consider it more important than ever that we continue to support the publication of relevant and timely research. The ISE…
Coronaviruses do not readily induce cross-protective antibody responses
Patients infected with either severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) or SARS-CoV-2 produce antibodies that bind to the other coronavirus, but the cross-reactive antibodies are not cross protective, at least in cell-culture experiments, researchers report May 17 in the journal…
Smokers more likely to express ACE2 protein that SARS-COV-2 uses to enter human cells
Previous data from COVID-19 patients suggests that cigarette smokers are more likely to have health complications. One possible reason, researchers report May 15 in the journal Developmental Cell , is that smoking increases the gene expression of ACE2–the protein that…
Smoking increases SARS-CoV-2 receptors in the lung
New research from CSHL scientists suggests that cigarette smoke spurs the lungs to make more ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), the protein that the coronavirus responsible for COVID-19 grabs and uses to enter human cells. The findings, reported May 16, 2020…
Exoplanet climate ‘decoder’ aids search for life
ITHACA, N.Y. – After examining a dozen types of suns and a roster of planet surfaces, Cornell University astronomers have developed a practical model – an environmental color “decoder” – to tease out climate clues for potentially habitable exoplanets in…
New study by Clemson scientists could pave way to cure of global parasite
CLEMSON, South Carolina – Clemson University scientists have taken another step forward in their quest to find a cure for a notorious parasite that has infected more than 40 million Americans and many times that number around the world. A…
New study estimates the odds of life and intelligence emerging beyond our planet
Columbia astronomer uses Bayesian statistics to shed light on how extraterrestrial life might evolve in alien worlds
Global study confirms influential theory behind loss aversion
A new global study offers a powerful confirmation of one of the most influential frameworks in all of the behavioral sciences and behavioral economics: prospect theory, which when introduced in 1979 led to a sea change in understanding the irrational…
Efficient, ‘green’ quantum-dot solar cells exploit defects
Quantum-dot approach shows promise for a new type of toxic-element-free, inexpensive, defect-tolerant solar cells
CUNY SPH weekly COVID-19 survey update week 10
Before the economy reopens, New Yorkers need more testing and assurances of safety in the workplace
BrainHealth Research advances understanding of differences in effects of cannabis use
Addressing differences will increase efficacy of treatments through personalized approaches
New study shows wildfires increasing in size and frequency across Victoria
A new study by researchers at The Australian National University (ANU) has shown for the first time the full extent of the areas burned by Victorian bushfires over the past two decades. Co-author Professor David Lindenmayer says the results indicate…
Scientists discover mutation that enhances plant defense
Sometimes scientists begin research and find exactly what they expected. Other times they discover something unexpected. Such was the case for a group of scientists studying plant stress responses who stumbled upon a new mutation. “The discovery of this mutation…
Dairy-rich diet linked to lower risks of diabetes and high blood pressure
And cluster of factors that increase heart disease and stroke risk (metabolic syndrome)
Yoga eases depressive symptoms in people with other mental health issues
And the more weekly sessions completed, the greater the effects, the findings show
Accurate mapping of human travel patterns with global smartphone data
Aggregated movement data from more than 300 million mobile phone users provide fine-grained insights into local behavior
The malaria parasite P. vivax can remain in the spleen upon expression of certain proteins
This could represent an additional challenge for eliminating the parasite
Comparison of early postoperative pain after first vs second total knee arthroplasty
This article by Dr. Yoshinori Ishii et al. is published in The Open Orthopaedics Journal, Volume 14, 2020
Mars: Where mud flows like lava
The surface of the planet Mars bears probable traces of ‘sedimentary volcanism’, a geological phenomenon that leads to the eruption of mud from underground. But how does a mixture of sediment and water behave in the open air on the…
Northern Italy — Official COVID-19 deaths underestimate the full impact of the pandemic
According to a study by Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, the northern Italian city of Nembro recorded more deaths during March 2020 than between January and December 2019. However, only approximately half of all deaths recorded this spring were classified as…
Probing materials at deep-Earth conditions to decipher Earth’s evolutionary tale
Learning how liquid silicates behave at these extreme temperatures and pressures has been a longstanding challenge in the geosciences.
Story tips: Mining for COVID, rules to grow by and the 3D connection
Computing – Mining for COVID-19 connections Scientists have tapped the immense power of the Summit supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to comb through millions of medical journal articles to identify potential vaccines, drugs and effective measures that could suppress…
Characteristics of adolescents, adults with e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury
What The Study Did: Following an outbreak of electronic cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) linked to hospitalizations and deaths, this study used data reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to compare demographic and clinical…
Factors associated with firearm suicide risk
What The Study Did: Researchers compared the risk of suicide by firearm based on sociodemographic characteristics of U.S. adults. Authors: Mark Olfson, M.D., M.P.H., of Columbia University in New York, is the corresponding author. To access the embargoed study: Visit…
Lack of insects in cities limits breeding success of urban birds
Urban insect populations would need to increase by a factor of at least 2.5 for urban great tits to have same breeding success as those living in forests according to research published in the British Ecological Society’s Journal of Animal…