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UrduCameras aboard NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft captured close-up shots of material being ejected from the surface of the near-Earth asteroid Bennu. The images offer a detailed look at small-scale mass loss events on an active asteroid, whereas before, observations have been…
Month: December 2019
Warm-sector heavy rainfall in China: Studies and challenges
Warm-sector heavy rainfall (WSHR) is a type of rainstorm proposed by Chinese meteorologists that had been found to only occur in South China. However, WSHR has also been found in other regions of China, according to Prof. Jianhua Sun from…
Insilico publishes a review of deep aging clocks and announces the issuance of key patent
Insilico Medicine announced the publication of a comprehensive review of the deep biomarkers of aging and the publication of a granted patent
New early Cretaceous mammal fossils bridge a transitional gap in ear’s evolution
Fossils of a previously unknown species of Early Cretaceous mammal have caught in the act the final steps by which mammals’ multi-boned middle ears evolved, according to a new study. The new species the study unearths – based on fossil…
Biochemical model enhances power to predict MicroRNA targeting
Through millions of affinity measurements, researchers have developed a biochemical model that reveals novel insights into microRNAs, which function in part to silence gene expression, but other biological functions of which are unknown. The new model also enables a more…
Animals that evolved in low-disturbance areas more ‘sensitive’ to modern disruption
Animal species that have evolved, and survived, in low-disturbance environments – with little interruption from glaciation, fires, hurricanes, or anthropogenic clearing – are more sensitive to modern forest fragmentation, report Matthew Betts and colleagues. Using information from more than 70…
Wildlife in tropics hardest hit by forests being broken up
Tropical species are six times more sensitive to forests being broken up for logging or farming than temperate species, says new research. A team led by Oregon State University and including Imperial College London scientists found that sensitivity to forest…
New study hints at complex decision making in a single-cell organism
A freshwater protist exhibits a heirarchy of avoidance behaviors, suggesting it can in effect ‘change its mind’ when responding to an environmental irritant
New tool to detect blackleg disease in potato has widespread application
Potatoes are important. They rank fourth among the world’s staple crops. In the United States, they are grown commercially in 30 states and valued at $4 billion annually. Potatoes are also susceptible to 160 different fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases,…
Physical forces affect bacteria’s toxin resistance, study finds
A random conversation between two Cornell researchers at a child’s birthday party led to a collaboration and new understanding of how bacteria resist toxins, which may lead to new tools in the fight against harmful infections. Physical forces have been…
New tool to detect blackleg disease in potato has widespread application
Potatoes are important. They rank fourth among the world’s staple crops. In the United States, they are grown commercially in 30 states and valued at $4 billion annually. Potatoes are also susceptible to 160 different fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases,…
Press registration opens for ACS’s spring 2020 national meeting in Philadelphia
WASHINGTON, Dec. 5, 2019 — Journalists may now apply for press credentials for the American Chemical Society’s (ACS’) Spring 2020 National Meeting & Exposition, one of the largest scientific conferences of the year, at https:/ / bit. ly/ 33Hd9TD .…
Older adults who ‘train’ for a major operation spend less time in the hospital
A preoperative rehabilitation program also reduces Medicare costs for care, according to new Journal of the American College of Surgeons study findings
OSIRIS-REx cameras capture particle ejection from asteroid Bennu
Cameras aboard NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft captured close-up shots of material being ejected from the surface of the near-Earth asteroid Bennu. The images offer a detailed look at small-scale mass loss events on an active asteroid, whereas before, observations have been…
New early Cretaceous mammal fossils bridge a transitional gap in ear’s evolution
Fossils of a previously unknown species of Early Cretaceous mammal have caught in the act the final steps by which mammals’ multi-boned middle ears evolved, according to a new study. The new species the study unearths – based on fossil…
Biochemical model enhances power to predict MicroRNA targeting
Through millions of affinity measurements, researchers have developed a biochemical model that reveals novel insights into microRNAs, which function in part to silence gene expression, but other biological functions of which are unknown. The new model also enables a more…
Animals that evolved in low-disturbance areas more ‘sensitive’ to modern disruption
Animal species that have evolved, and survived, in low-disturbance environments – with little interruption from glaciation, fires, hurricanes, or anthropogenic clearing – are more sensitive to modern forest fragmentation, report Matthew Betts and colleagues. Using information from more than 70…
Gene expression regulation in Chinese cabbage illuminated
Doctoral student Ayasha Akter (Kobe University’s Graduate School of Agricultural Science) and technical staff member Satoshi Takahashi (from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science) have revealed the important role played by the histone modification H3K27me3 in regulating gene expression…
Obesity surgery improves the heart
Bariatric surgery provides much more than weight loss
Changing wildfires in the California’s Sierra Nevada may threaten northern goshawks
New study in Biological Conservation shows majority of the species’ foraging and roosting habitat is at high risk of severe wildfire
Kidney patients report positive experiences with novel approach to dialysis access
Landmark study reports greater success with minimally invasive vascular access procedure
New report: Teacher effectiveness has a dramatic effect on student outcomes
Teacher effectiveness has a dramatic effect on student outcomes — how can it be increased?
Researchers: Put a brake on bioenergy by 2050 to avoid negative climate impacts
Los Altos, California (5 DECEMBER 2019)–The burgeoning bioenergy sector must peak and decline in the next 30 years to alleviate extreme pressure on land, warns researchers in a new analysis published today in Global Change Biology . They assert that…
Smart, self-powered patch to put an end to €2.3 trillion bill caused by rust worldwide
The cost of corrosion runs to 3-4% of the gross world product annually, and therefore there is increasing focus on monitoring infrastructure; Danish researchers are developing a smart patch that can cut huge amounts off the costs of rust
Study finds wide county-level variation in rates of surgery for early-stage lung cancer
Socioeconomic and healthcare delivery factors appear to contribute to the gap
Preterm births more likely when dads live in lower income areas
Father’s lifelong lower economic status associated with three times higher rate of early preterm births regardless of mother’s age, marital status, education and race/ethnicity
Finding meaning in ‘Rick and Morty,’ one burp at a time
Acoustic analysis of belching during speech showcases the cartoon’s rich array of nonword sounds
Anti-hepatitis medicine surprises
A new effective treatment of hepatitis C not only combats the virus, but is also effective against potentially fatal complications such as reduced liver functioning and cirrhosis. This is the result of a new study from Aarhus University.
Concordia research shows that using green products leads to a warm glow in shoppers
The ‘greenconsumption effect’ can change the way retailers provide goods and services, says Onur Bodur
A solution for cleaning up PFAS, one of the world’s most intractable pollutants
Treatment train for a PFAS compound known by its trade name, GenX
Pilot study finds time-restricted eating has benefits for people at risk for diabetes
Previous studies have looked at employing time-restricted eating (TRE), a form of intermittent fasting, as a way to lose weight and improve health measures such as blood sugar and blood pressure in mice and healthy people. But in a study…
Dull teeth, long skulls, specialized bites evolved in unrelated plant-eating dinosaurs
Herbivorous dinosaurs evolved many times during the 180 million-year Mesozoic era, and while they didn’t all evolve to chew, swallow, and digest their food in the same way, a few specific strategies appeared time and time again. An investigation of…
Can a single-celled organism ‘change its mind’? New study says yes
More than 100 years ago, a zoologist by the name of Herbert Spencer Jennings described surprisingly complex and varied avoidance behaviors in a single-celled freshwater protist known as Stentor roeseli . When later experiments in a related organism failed to…
NeutroCure: Exploiting the dual nature of neutrophils to cure inflammatory diseases
The project has received European funding of €3 million for 5 years in the category H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2020 – FET Open — novel ideas for radically new technologies
Janus bases among The Scientist’s Top Innovations of 2019
Invented at Carnegie Mellon, the bivalent nucleic acid recognition platform is being used to develop treatments for rare genetic diseases
Using lungs from increased-risk donors expands donor pool, maintains current survival rates
Currently, there are nearly 1,500 people waiting for a lung transplant in the US
Scientists at the California Academy of Sciences describe 71 new species in 2019
From geckos to goblin spiders, flowering plants, and Mediterranean ants — spanning five continents and three oceans — these discoveries grow Earth’s tree of life
New cretaceous mammal provides evidence for separation of hearing and chewing modules
A joint research team led by MAO Fangyuan from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and MENG Jin from the American Museum of Natural History reported a new symmetrodont, Origolestes lii, a…
How extreme environmental conditions affect the human brain
Study from the Antarctic Neumayer-Station III
Water animation gets easier thanks to BYU professors
From early story concepts to a theatrical release, full-length animated films can take years to create. One of the biggest time commitments comes during the animation process when the animators are simulating fluid materials, like water or hair. Think about…
Immune checkpoint therapy for ER+ breast cancers, a missed opportunity?
In the United States, apart from some forms of skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It is also the most common cause of death from cancer among Hispanic women and the second most common among…
A potential Diamond-Blackfan anemia treatment swims into view
A new clinical trial will test trifluoperazine, currently used as an antipsychotic, based on findings in zebrafish
Can Arctic ‘ice management’ combat climate change?
A new AWI study shows that a radical geo-engineering concept could potentially slow sea-ice retreat, but not global warming
Cancer treatment for patients with HIV
What The Study Did: For patients with HIV, CD4 counts reflect the health of their immune system and HIV RNA levels indicate their viral load. This observational study focused on how cancer treatments were associated with those two important clinical…
Scientist identify new marker for insecticide resistance in malaria mosquitoes
Researchers at LSTM have genetically modified malaria carrying mosquitoes in order to demonstrate the role of particular genes in conferring insecticide resistance. For the first time the team characterised three genes (Cyp6m2, Cyp6p3 and Gste2) most often associated with insecticide…
Study shows first signs of cross-talk between RNA surveillance and silencing systems
A recent study by a team of scientists in Korea reveals new findings about how various systems involved in cellular surveillance interact. This research is the first to identify a “cross-talk” molecule between these systems. Because these pathways are involved…
Conferring leaf rust resistance in cereal crops
Genes have been identified that confer resistance to multiple leaf rust species in barley. The findings by an international team, led by KAUST researchers, could transform the breeding of durable disease-resistant cereal crops and help support efforts to improve global…
Cancer treatment for patients with HIV
What The Study Did: For patients with HIV, CD4 counts reflect the health of their immune system and HIV RNA levels indicate their viral load. This observational study focused on how cancer treatments were associated with those two important clinical…
Cell phone injuries
What The Study Did: Cell phones are mainstays of daily life. This observational study analyzed 20 years of data on people who went to emergency departments with head and neck injuries from cell phone use to estimate the number of…
First ‘lab in a field’ experiment reveals a sunnier side of climate change
Pioneering experiments using heated field plots to test the responses of crops to temperature have revealed an unexpected plus side of climate change for farmers. The field trial experiment – the first of its kind – was set up to…