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UrduCNS 2021: Exploring the mind and the brain
Tag: DECISION-MAKING/PROBLEM SOLVING
Neuroscientists identify brain circuit that encodes timing of events
Findings suggest this hippocampal circuit helps us to maintain our timeline of memories.
Self-controlled children tend to be healthier middle-aged adults
Benefits include younger brains and bodies, better outlook on the years ahead
A pursuit of better testing to sort out the complexities of ADHD
Review of cognitive testing studies reveals how adding computer simulations could help
New studies suggest vaping could cloud your thoughts
Two new studies from the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) have uncovered an association between vaping and mental fog. Both adults and kids who vape were more likely to report difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions than their non-vaping,…
In shaky times, focus on past successes, if overly anxious, depressed
Emotionally resilient people better at exercising sound judgment when things get chaotic
Do I know you? Researchers evaluate how masks disrupt facial perception
Study conducted by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev researchers
Social media use by young people in conflict-ridden Myanmar
New Rochelle, NY, December 21, 2020–Myanmar youth rely heavily on Facebook for news and information. This can be a platform for disseminating fake news and hate speech. With poor digital literacy skills, these youths may be susceptible to disinformation campaigns…
Doctors should change the way that they ask patients about self-harm and suicide
Doctors should change the way that they ask patients about self-harm and suicide, study recommends
New research shows masks change the way we process faces
Feel like you’re suffering from face blindness? Research shows masks change the way we process faces TORONTO, Dec. 21, 2020 – Ever want to walk over to say hello to someone but you’re not sure the person behind the mask…
Childhood intervention can prevent ‘deaths of despair’
Intensive program reduces risky behaviors in adolescence and young adulthood
Two new studies offer ways to avert accidents and workplace injuries for American workers
Human error is a causal factor in up to 80 percent of workplace accidents. A new study measuring the eye movements and cognitive processes for at-risk workers, sheds new light on the potential to avert accidents and possibly prevent workplace…
New research could lead to better eyewitness recall in criminal investigations
From a half-hidden corner in a crowded scene, a thief emerges to snatch a purse. Three days later, can you remember what he looks like? That may depend upon how long after the incident you are asked about it and…
Traffic light system helps reduce clinical uncertainty, improve treatment decisions
Study finds traffic light system helps reduce clinical uncertainty and improve doctors’ treatment decisions
UC Study: Suicide watch more important now than ever
Researchers show that self-harm was on the rise, even without the added stressors of a pandemic
Losing money causes plastic changes in the brain
Researchers at the HSE Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience have shown experimentally that economic activity can actively change the brain. Signals that predict regular financial losses evoke plastic changes in the cortex. Therefore, these signals are processed by the brain more…
Positive messages encourage safer driver behavior than fear tactics
A new study has shown that films demonstrating responsible behaviour could lead to young drivers taking fewer risks on the road than if they only saw videos aimed at provoking fear of accidents. Over one million people are killed in…
Efforts to combat COVID-19 perceived as morally right
According to new research, people tend to moralize COVID-19-control efforts and are more willing to endorse human costs emerging from COVID-19-related restrictions than to accept costs resulting from other restraints meant to prevent injury or death.
What makes human intelligence exceptional? The answer may be hidden inside this game
Scientists launch hexxed – a free mobile game designed to map human intelligence across the globe.
Does sharing health data help maintain weight loss?
Drexel study suggests sharing self-monitored health data improves person’s weight loss maintenance
A biased evaluation of employees’ performance can be useful for employers
In assessing an employee’s performance, employers often listen to his immediate supervisor or colleagues, and these opinions can be highly subjective. Sergey Stepanov, an economist from HSE University, has shown that biased evaluations can actually benefit employers. An article substantiating…
Germans want open communication of uncertainty in the coronavirus pandemic
Nationwide study on the communication of scientific data
Wielding a gun makes a shooter perceive others as wielding a gun, too
New experiments underscore what researchers call the ‘gun embodiment effect’
New CCNY-developed resource measures severity of work-related depression
First came their pioneering research a few years ago linking burnout and depression. Now City College of New York psychologist Irvin Sam Schonfeld and his University of Neuchâtel collaborator Renzo Bianchi present the Occupational Depression Inventory [ODI], a measure designed…
A new view of how the brain decides to make an effort
How the human ventral striatum kicks in during decision-making
Patients with kidney disease may delay AVF creation
Despite early referral and education, half of patients with advanced CKD delay AVF creation. Many patients start hemodialysis with temporary vascular access despite regular kidney care and pre-dialysis education. Delay is often related to patient choice but research on patients’…
Study finds gamblers ignore important information when placing bet
People with gambling problems are less likely to consider important information that could prevent them from losing, according to new research published today from the UBC’s Centre for Gambling Research. Instead, people with gambling disorder pay more attention to irrelevant…
Role of birth order on career choice might have been overestimated in previous research
Little-to-no evidence that first vs. later-borns are destined for specific careers
Personality changes predict early career outcomes
Making personality changes can sometimes promote success
Living with autonomous systems “we can trust”
New report calls for greater input from society on future direction of autonomy
New study links number of menopause symptoms with job performance
Results additionally show correlation between lack of exercise and job-related stress with higher number of symptoms
Drug reverses age-related cognitive decline within days
Rapid mental rejuvenation in old mice suggests age-related losses may be broadly reversible
Brain waves guide us in spotlighting surprises
If you open your office door one morning and there is a new package waiting on your desk, that’s what you will notice most in the otherwise unchanged room. A new study by MIT and Boston University neuroscientists finds that…
Cocoa flavanols boost brain oxygenation, cognition in healthy adults
CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — The brains of healthy adults recovered faster from a mild vascular challenge and performed better on complex tests if the participants consumed cocoa flavanols beforehand, researchers report in the journal Scientific Reports . In the study, 14…
A hunger for social contact
Neuroscientists find that isolation provokes brain activity similar to that seen during hunger cravings
Measuring risk-taking – by watching people move computer mouses
Hand movements reveal conflict when making choices, study finds
The future’s uncertain – but noradrenaline can help us adapt
A brain chemical called noradrenaline is responsible for our responses to uncertain situations – helping us to learn quickly and adapt our behaviour, a new study has found. The COVID-19 pandemic has plunged us all into a state of uncertainty.…
Physics can assist with key challenges in artificial intelligence
A physical mechanism a priori reveals how many examples in deep learning are required to achieve a desired test accuracy. It surprisingly indicates that learning each example once is almost equivalent to learning examples repeatedly.
Empathy and perspective taking: How social skills are built
Understanding what other people want, how they feel, and how they see the world is becoming increasingly important in our complex, globalised society. Social skills enable us to make friends and create a network of people who support us. But…
Soldiers benefit from psychological health research
Army scientists develop training to mitigate misdirected anger, aggression
Don’t be fooled by pretty food, USC research warns
As the holiday season nears, thoughts of pumpkin pies, roasted chestnuts and turkey dinners fill our dreams and our grocery shopping lists. While visions of holiday food may be pleasing to the eyes and tantalizing to the palate, it would…
How does the brain process fear?
When a frightful creature startles you, your brain may activate its fear-processing circuitry, sending your heart racing to help you escape the threat.
Do cesarean delivery’s effects on birth hormones impact a newborn’s neurodevelopment?
Cesarean section delivery and vaginal delivery lead to different hormonal exposures that may affect a newborn’s development, according to an article published in the Journal of Neuroendocrinology . The article notes that levels of each of the ‘birth signaling hormones’–oxytocin,…
Pinning down how the brain predicts the consequences of choices
Predicting the outcomes of actions in order to make good decisions is a critical role of brain function. This process is thought to work through two fundamentally different mechanisms called “model-free” and “model-based” learning. Though fundamental for flexible and adaptive…
Brain region tracking food preferences could steer our food choices
Researchers artificially manipulated neurons to force a shift in choice from a desired treat to a plain staple
Monkey see others, monkey do: How the brain allows actions based on social cues
In baseball, a batter’s reaction when he swings and misses can differ depending on whether they were totally fooled by the pitch or simply missed the change-up they expected. Interpreting these reactions is critical when a pitcher is deciding what the next pitch should be.
Monkey see others, monkey do: How the brain allows actions based on social cues
Researchers at NIPS in Japan show that information flow between two regions in the front of the brain makes it possible for monkeys to correctly interpret social cues
Depression, social anxiety, and use of mobile dating apps
New Rochelle, NY, November 2, 2020–Depression symptoms and social anxiety are associated with greater use of mobile dating applications among women. The extent to which these are associated with dating app use is reported in the peer-reviewed journal Cyberpsychology, Behavior,…
Scientists identify specific brain region and circuits controlling attention
The attentional control that organisms need to succeed in their goals comes from two abilities: the focus to ignore distractions and the discipline to curb impulses. A new study by MIT neuroscientists shows that these abilities are independent, but that…
MyH.E.A.L.T.H. app — once only available to military — hits civilian app stores in 2021
15,000 US military members used app to improve eating, sleeping, exercising, stress, and resilience