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UrduMass incarceration is as much an environmental problem as it is a social one, according to a new Portland State University study that finds increases in incarceration are significantly associated with increases in industrial emissions. Julius McGee, the study’s lead…
Tag: SCIENCE/HEALTH/LAW
K9 chemistry: A safer way to train detection dogs
Canine trainers may no longer need to handle or expose dogs to real explosives and narcotics
Living with autonomous systems “we can trust”
New report calls for greater input from society on future direction of autonomy
Center for Justice Research Police Reform Action Brief: Ban chokeholds
November 16, 2020 – The Center for Justice Research (CJR) at Texas Southern University supports innovative, data-driven solutions for the creation of an equitable criminal justice system. CJR is the premier criminal justice research center located on the campus of…
Study of LGBTQ+ experience in the geosciences finds difficulties, dangers in fieldwork
LAWRENCE — For a geoscientist, the benefits of performing fieldwork are countless. Researching in nature gives geoscientists firsthand contact with the earth’s raw materials and a chance to test ideas and develop theories — as well as to make new…
New research to protect public from violent extremists
The Counter Extremism Project (CEP) and Staffordshire University are joining forces on a ground-breaking research project which aims to shed new light on the intentions of violent extremists. The ‘Disguised compliance in terrorist offending’ project will provide frontline staff across…
Researcher aims to improve conditions for corrections workers
UMass Lowell health expert to create workplace training guide
Tokyo’s voluntary standstill may have stopped COVID-19 in its tracks
Tokyo – Why did Japan largely contain COVID-19 despite famously jam-packed Tokyo and despite the country’s proximity to China? With no penalties and only requests for cooperation, Japan’s state of emergency somehow averted the large-scale outbreaks seen elsewhere. At least…
State gun laws may help curb violence across state lines: study
Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health researchers find that strong state firearm laws are associated with fewer firearm homicides–both within the state where the laws are enacted and across state lines. Conversely, weak firearm laws in one state are…
A flexible color-changing film inspired by chameleon skin (video)
Chameleons can famously change their colors to camouflage themselves, communicate and regulate their temperature. Scientists have tried to replicate these color-changing properties for stealth technologies, anti-counterfeiting measures and electronic displays, but the materials have limitations. Now, researchers have developed a…
Instituting a minimum price for alcohol reduces deaths, hospital stays
PISCATAWAY, NJ – When governments create a minimum price for alcoholic beverages, deaths and hospitalizations related to alcohol use significantly decrease, according to results from a new report in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs . Called “minimum…
Personality traits affect shelter at home compliance
People low on openness, neuroticism less likely to comply without strict government policies, study says
Lie detection — Have the experts got it wrong?
A widely adopted police interview technique, used by both the FBI and British police, to spot if a suspect is lying, is not fit for use, a report out today concludes
Over 150 million websites among a billion tested include sensitive (and tracked) content
Nikolaos Laoutaris, Research Professor at IMDEA Networks Institute, participates in the biggest study about tracking of sensitive topics on the web
NYU health economist envisions revamped federal policies in a Biden administration
Sherry Glied of NYU Wagner looks ahead in New England Journal of Medicine
NFL teams with critical mass of women executives have fewer football player arrests
Research from Syracuse University’s Falk College shows that a new philosophy and corporate makeup helps keep players on the field and out of the police blotter
Excess deaths from COVID-19, community bereavement, restorative justice for communities of color
What The Article Says: Ways the COVID-19 pandemic has compounded existing health, human rights and economic disparities in communities of color are discussed in this Viewpoint, which also proposes a program of restorative justice in response, comprising investments in education…
HSE University researcher develops global HIV prevention index for drug users
Russia ranked 59th among 105 countries around the world
Simple solutions reduce court no-shows and subsequent arrest warrants
For low-level offenses in New York City, text nudges and a redesigned summons form decreased failure-to-appear rates by about 20% and led to 30,000 fewer arrest warrants over a three-year period
Multidisciplinary approaches to solving cold cases
New Rochelle, NY, September 23, 2020 – Forensic DNA analysis enables new and increasingly sophisticated technology for solving cold cases. Through advances in DNA sequencing and bioinformatics, this relatively new and urgent field is enabling a broad range of cold…
Gun laws in neighboring states affect state gun deaths, new evidence
Weaker gun laws in neighboring states appear to increase gun deaths in adjoining states, and strong gun laws may be negated by more permissive laws among neighboring states, according to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Warning: Epidemics are often followed by unrest
From the Black Death to the Spanish Flu, history teaches that social tension accumulated over an epidemic can lead to significant episodes of rebellion, according to a study by Massimo Morelli and Roberto Censolo
Tear gas should be banned, researchers find; here’s why
The use of tear gas is rightfully banned in warfare and should equally be banned as a riot-control agent in law enforcement contexts
Experiment contradicts assumptions about sleep loss and criminal interrogations
DARIEN, IL – An experimental study suggests that sleep restriction may hinder information disclosure during criminal interviews, contradicting widespread assumptions about the effectiveness of sleep deprivation as an interrogation tool. Preliminary results show that even mildly sleep-restricted participants provided around…
Researchers introduce new theory to calculate emissions liability
A comparison of the results for conventional point source pollution and bottleneck carbon emissions sources shows that oil and natural gas pipelines are far more important than simple point-source emissions calculations would indicate. It also shifts the emissions liability towards…
Punitive sentencing led to higher incarceration rates throughout adulthood for certain birth cohorts in North Carolina
Although U.S. crime rates have dropped significantly since the mid-1990s, rates of incarceration peaked in 2008, and still remain high. The standard explanation for this pattern is that all people exposed to the criminal justice system today are treated more…
Lum and Koper studying impact of COVID-19 On Fairfax County Police Department
Cynthia Lum, Professor and Director, Center for Evidence-Based Crime Policy, Criminology, Law and Society, and Christopher Koper, Principal Fellow and Associate Professor, Center for Evidence-Based Crime Policy, Criminology, Law and Society, are conducting analyses to help the Fairfax County Police…
Historical redlining linked to premature births, lower birth weight babies
Study of three California cities finds that past discriminatory housing practices may be impacting maternal and infant health today
Study ties gun purchases to fear of firearm regulations, kicks off major research
A new firearm study led by NYU Tandon Institute Professor Maurizio Porfiri reveals why people buy guns after a mass shooting; It kicks off a much larger study — the first of its kind — on individual, state, and national drivers of firearm behavior
Study: Increased presence of law enforcement officers in schools does not improve safety
Concern over the safety of students, teachers, and administrators in U.S. schools continues to grow, in part as a result of school shootings. In response, partnerships between schools and law enforcement agencies have increasingly placed school resource officers (SROs) in…
The role of Chinese cultural values in illegal wildlife trade interventions
A new study by the University of Kent’s Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE) suggests that utilising Confucianist, Daoist, and Buddhist belief messaging in targeted campaigns could effectively change the behaviour of end consumers in the East Asia illegal…
Save black lives
A call for racially-responsive strageties and resources for the Black community during the COVID-19 pandemic
Study of US mass shootings, firearms homicides suggests two-pronged policy approach
Over the past 30 years, mass shootings have fueled calls for changes in gun ownership and concealed carry legislation, but few studies have evaluated whether permissive gun policies deter mass shootings, and none have determined if their effects are the…
UMD addresses African vulture poisoning with global disease and biodiversity implications
Findings suggest that a more holistic and coordinated approach leveraging community engagement and pre-existing resources could maximize conservation impacts
Environmental justice defenders victims of violence and murder
Activists protesting against environmental injustices around the world suffer from high rates of criminalization, physical violence and murder. This is the result of a study developed by researchers from the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology of the Universitat Autònoma…
Training bystanders to intervene will help to prevent domestic violence and abuse, study shows
Empowering people to intervene when they witness unacceptable behaviour can help to prevent domestic violence and abuse, a new study has found. Specific training for bystanders makes them “significantly” more confident to take action when they see or hear wrongdoing…
Training bystanders to intervene will help to prevent domestic violence and abuse, study shows
Empowering people to intervene when they witness unacceptable behaviour can help to prevent domestic violence and abuse, a new study has found. Specific training for bystanders makes them “significantly” more confident to take action when they see or hear wrongdoing…
COVID-19 and terrorism: Assessing the short and long-term impacts of terrorism
A new report authored by Pool Re and Cranfield University’s Andrew Silke, Professor of Terrorism, Risk and Resilience, reveals how the COVID-19 pandemic is already having a significant impact on terrorism around the world. The report, ‘COVID-19 and terrorism: assessing…
COVID-19 and terrorism: Assessing the short and long-term impacts of terrorism
A new report authored by Pool Re and Cranfield University’s Andrew Silke, Professor of Terrorism, Risk and Resilience, reveals how the COVID-19 pandemic is already having a significant impact on terrorism around the world. The report, ‘COVID-19 and terrorism: assessing…
How do police view legalized cannabis? In Washington state, officers raise concerns
Washington State legalized cannabis sales to adults in 2012, the first U.S. state to do so. Yet little is known about how police, who are on the front lines of implementing the law, experience legalization. A new study evaluated the…
How do police view legalized cannabis? In Washington state, officers raise concerns
Washington State legalized cannabis sales to adults in 2012, the first U.S. state to do so. Yet little is known about how police, who are on the front lines of implementing the law, experience legalization. A new study evaluated the…
New Home Office funded report urges greater action for cybercrime victims
The first major UK study into victims of computer misuse crime has exposed the serious harm some victim’s experience, as well as barriers to reporting such offences, receiving support, achieving justice and the precarious resources dedicated by the police to…
New Home Office funded report urges greater action for cybercrime victims
The first major UK study into victims of computer misuse crime has exposed the serious harm some victim’s experience, as well as barriers to reporting such offences, receiving support, achieving justice and the precarious resources dedicated by the police to…
Alternate light 5 times more effective in detecting bruises on victims of color
With COVID-19 stay-at-home orders, rates of domestic abuse have increased; improved procedures are needed to detect bruises for people of color; a George Mason study found alternate light was 5 times better at detecting bruises on diverse skin tones
Working as peer-support specialist helps people with criminal and psychiatric histories
Study sees promise in increasingly-common paid role
Alternate light 5 times more effective in detecting bruises on victims of color
With COVID-19 stay-at-home orders, rates of domestic abuse have increased; improved procedures are needed to detect bruises for people of color; a George Mason study found alternate light was 5 times better at detecting bruises on diverse skin tones
Working as peer-support specialist helps people with criminal and psychiatric histories
Study sees promise in increasingly-common paid role
Bone proteomics could reveal how long a corpse has been underwater
When a dead body is found, one of the first things a forensic pathologist tries to do is estimate the time of death. There are several ways to do this, including measuring body temperature or observing insect activity, but these…
Bone proteomics could reveal how long a corpse has been underwater
When a dead body is found, one of the first things a forensic pathologist tries to do is estimate the time of death. There are several ways to do this, including measuring body temperature or observing insect activity, but these…
Engineers are developing a test for rapid identification of body fluids at crime scenes
The disposable, low-cost tool will improve the speed and accuracy of investigations