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UrduHave you seen small birds nervously jumping up and down the branches and calling at a cat in a park? For a long time, scientists have been interested in what type of information about predators is coded in alarm calls;…
Chirality-assisted lateral momentum transfer for bidirectional enantioselective separation
Light carrying photon momentum can push and pull microparticles through momentum exchange. This momentum exchange progress generates optical forces, either attracts (conventional optical tweezers), pushes (radiation force) or pulls (pulling force) microparticles. A new emerging research interest, optical lateral force…
Efficient generation of relativistic near-single-cycle mid-infrared pulses in plasmas
The invention of chirped pulse amplification technique by Strickland and Mourou in 1985 has boosted the peak power of ultrashort laser pulses to an unprecedented level, which have found broad applications in fundamental science, industry and medicine. However, such high…
Performing optical logic operations by a diffractive neural network
Optical logical operations have sparked major interest in the past decades since it can enable many applications, particularly those involving high-throughput and on-the-fly data processing such as secured wireless communication and autonomous driving. However, the reported optical logic gates rely…
Saturable plasmonic metasurfaces for laser mode locking
Plasmonic metasurfaces are artificial 2D sheets of plasmonic unit cells repeated in a subwavelength array, which give rise to unexpected wave properties that do not exist in nature. In the linear regime, their applications in wavefront manipulation for lensing, holography…
Towards visible-wavelength passively mode-locked lasers in all-fibre format
Mode-locked fibre lasers generating ultrashort pulses with the advantages of robustness, compactness and excellent beam quality are of tremendous interest in applications such as laser material processing, medicine, precision measurement, biological photonics, ultrafast spectroscopy, optical communication and scientific research. In…
COVID-19 pandemic uniting Canadians like no other event in decades
Canada’s response to the pandemic contrasts markedly with the political partisanship displayed in U.S.
Development of electrode material improving the efficiency of salinity gradient energy
Succeeded in developing synthesis technologies of electrode material to improve efficiency and economic feasibility of salinity gradient power generation using reverse electrodialysis.
A natural amino acid could be a novel treatment for polyglutamine diseases
Researchers from Osaka Univ., National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, and Niigata Univ. identify the amino acid arginine as a potential disease-modifying drug for polyglutamine diseases, such as familial spinocerebellar ataxia and Huntington disease
Nanosensor to determine disease risk in patients gets funding boost
The BioCODE Nanosensor, to determine disease risk in patients (and developed by experts at Stellenbosch University, received a funding boost
New molecules for innovative high-tech materials
German Research Foundation funds professor Peter Roesky’s work on sandwich compounds within a Reinhart Koselleck project
Microbial cyborgs: Bacteria supplying power
KIT scientists develop programmable, biohybrid material system that uses bacteria for power generation
The deep ocean is warming slowly — but dramatic changes are ahead
The world’s deep oceans are warming at a slower rate than the surface, but it’s still not good news for deep-sea creatures according to an international study. The research, led by University of Queensland PhD student Isaac Brito-Morales, looked at…
A new law in laser physics could make eye surgery simpler
New soliton laser pulses deliver high energy in a trillionth of a second
Understanding ceramic materials’ ‘mortar’ may reveal ways to improve them
MADISON — When most people think of ceramics, they might envision their favorite mug or a flowerpot. But modern technology is full of advanced ceramics, from silicon solar panels to ceramic superconductors and biomedical implants. Many of those advanced polycrystalline…
Problems with alcohol? 29 gene variants may explain why
A genome-wide analysis of more than 435,000 people has identified 29 genetic variants linked to problematic drinking, researchers at Yale University School of Medicine and colleagues report May 25 in the journal Nature Neuroscience . “The new data triple the…
We need a new approach to UK resilience — leading Cranfield academics
Leading academics from across Cranfield University are calling for a new approach to UK resilience. Writing in today’s Financial Times , the academics believe that as well as lessons learnt from the response to COVID-19 there is a much wider…
DFG creates €175 million package
Funding recipients to receive additional staff and project funding with minimal bureaucracy / President Katja Becker: “Urgently needed security for continuation and completion of many projects”
Fatal cases of COVID-19 deepen our understanding of the disease’s progression
Mortality risk factors include old age, underlying health conditions, and bacterial and respiratory co-infections
Fighting hospital germs with UVC light-emitting diodes
A novel LED irradiation system developed by the Ferdinand-Braun-Institut aims to kill microorganisms with ultra-short wave UV light – without side effects. Prototype handed over to the Charite for initial testing. According to the Robert Koch Institute, 400,000 to 600,000…
Breaking down stubborn cellulose in time lapse
Analyses of TU Graz prove the efficient operation of the cellulose degrading biological nanomachine cellulosome. This can provide new perspectives for applications in industrial biorefineries.
Kidney transplantations: Better results with larger case volumes
Survival probabilities increase in hospitals where kidneys are transplanted more frequently.
Inexpensive retinal diagnostics via smartphone
A study by the University of Bonn shows that the method is suitable for detecting diabetes-related eye disease
Lossless conduction at the edges
Topological insulators represent a key area of research because they could potentially be used as superconductors in the electronics of the future. Materials of this kind behave like insulators on the inside, whereas their surfaces have metallic properties and conduct…
Title: Two-dimensional MXene as a novel electrode material for next-generation display
Interface engineered 2D titanium carbide MXene film serves as efficient flexible electrodes for light-emitting diodes
MetaviralSPAdes — New assembler for virus genomes
With metaviralSPAdes at hand, biologists can now reconstruct viral genomes in bats or any other potential sources of future pandemics
Scientists take first census of Arctic freshwater molluscs in 130 years
In total, they registered 104 species of these invertebrates living in waters within the Arctic Circle.
Smart machine maintenance: New AI system also detects unknown faults
A new maintenance system is helping to make sensors smart. A research team led by Professor Andreas Schütze of Saarland University is combining artificial intelligence with sensors that gather status data on industrial machinery. The system is able to detect…
Majority of cannabis use in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside for therapeutic purposes
Most people at high risk of overdose in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside who use cannabis do so for pain relief and other therapeutic reasons–and they may be at lower risk of overdosing on opioids as a result, suggests new research published…
Patients who had been waiting in operation queue died earlier
Early surgery improved both outcome and survival in patients with the neurological condition hydrocephalus, while mortality was higher in those who had to wait, according to a thesis from the University of Gothenburg. These results add to pressure on efforts…
University releases beta of COVID-19 exit strategy simulator
The tool uses machine learning techniques to analyse public data and deliver hypothetical projections of how different isolation measures will impact the spread of COVID-19. The intention is to make it possible for experts and governments around the world to…
Otago researcher’s COVID testing method ‘da bomb’
A method to help improve testing for COVID-19, first promoted by a University of Otago researcher, is being used worldwide as countries struggle to manage high demand for testing. In early 2019, Drs Tim Hore (Otago) and Tomasz Jurkowski, from…
Total revamp needed to secure the future of Aussie tourism
A complete reset of Australia’s tourism industry is necessary to ensure its future success, according to global tourism expert, Professor Marianna Sigala at the University of South Australia. As debates continue about how and when to open Australia’s state and…
Worth their salt: Skoltech and MIPT researchers report first case of hexagonal NaCl
Skoltech and MIPT scientists have predicted and then experimentally confirmed the existence of exotic hexagonal thin films of NaCl on a diamond surface. These films may be useful as gate dielectrics for field effect transistors in electric vehicles and telecommunication…
Exotic properties of helium-methane compounds inside giant planets
The inner mantles of icy giant planets such as Uranus and Neptune are mainly composed by water, ammonia and methane, while their atmospheres are made of hydrogen and helium. Under high pressures inside giant planets, it is unclear whether the…
Reducing neighborhood crime: Place management of alcohol outlets
Recent research from the Prevention Research Center of the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation and the University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health suggests that neighborhood crime may be reduced by enhancing “place management” resources in and around off-premise…
Scientists identify obscure protein responsible for advanced breast cancer
South Australian scientists have made a critical breakthrough, discovering how an obscure protein causes breast cancer to develop and grow more quickly. High levels of a protein called Creld2 have been linked to the most aggressive types of breast cancer…
Musical rhythm has very deep evolutionary roots and is present in some animals
According to a study of the biological foundations of music conducted in a mouse model by Alexandre Celma-Miralles, a researcher at Aarhus University in Denmark, and Juan Manuel Toro, ICREA research professor at the Center for Brain and Cognition
Observations of robotic swarm behavior can help workers safely navigate disaster sites
Using biologically inspired robotic swarms consisting of large groups of robots that have been programmed to operate cooperatively, much like individuals in an ant or bee colony, scientists from the University of Colorado demonstrate that the locally observed distribution of…
COVID-19 should be treated as a thrombotic disease, Brazilian pulmonologist argues
Dr. Elnara Negri, who works in São Paulo City at the largest hospital complex in Latin America, advocates the use of the anti-coagulant drug heparin to treat complications caused by novel coronavirus.
The evolutionary history of the Milky Way determined in more detail than ever
The Milky Way, the whiteish strip of light which is prominent in both the summer and the winter skies, is the densest part of the disc of the Galaxy which we are inside. However, over very long periods it has…
Synthesis of prebiotic peptides gives clues to the origin of life on Earth
A paper by Kazan Federal University appeared in Amino Acids
New method provides unique insight into the development of the human brain
Stem cell researchers at Lund University in Sweden have developed a new research model of the early embryonic brain. The aim of the model is to study the very earliest stages of brain to understand how different regions in the…
Evidence shows cloth masks may help against COVID-19
Particularly those with several layers of cotton cloth
A nice day for a quantum walk
Researchers at Osaka University use their ability to precisely control the vibrations of coupled ions to demonstrate a “quantum random walk.” This work may lead quantum chemistry simulations that can yield new biological insights
New therapy for triple negative breast cancer
It is a new combined treatment of a senescence inducer and a senolytic nanoparticle
uOttawa researchers discover new sex hormone
New hormone that stimulates sexual functions in fish could lead to novel infertility treatments in humans
Promising pre-clinical results for USask VIDO-InterVac COVID-19 vaccine
SASKATOON – A COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by the University of Saskatchewan’s (USask) Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre (VIDO-InterVac) has cleared another major milestone in moving towards human clinical trials: the novel vaccine has proven highly effective in…
Ancient genomes reveal demographic history of France
A large genomic dataset reveals ancient demographic events that accompanied the transition to agriculture and changes in metallurgic practices in France, according to a study. The analysis of ancient genomes has revealed how demographic events such as migrations have spurred…
There is no escaping from climate change, even in the deep sea
Even though the deeper layers of the ocean are warming at a slower pace than the surface, animals living in the deep ocean are more exposed to climate warming and will face increasing challenges to maintain their preferred thermal habitats…