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UrduOne of the wonders of cell biology is its symmetry. Mammalian cells have one nucleus and one cell membrane, and most humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Trillions of mammalian cells achieve this uniformity — but some consistently break this…
Year: 2019
Persistent organic pollutants in mother’s blood linked to smaller fetal size
Pregnant women exposed to persistent organic pollutants, or POPs, had slightly smaller fetuses than women who haven’t been exposed to these chemicals, according to an analysis of ultrasound scans by researchers at the National Institutes of Health and other institutions.…
Flu vaccines and cancer immunotherapy in mice
Researchers report that flu vaccine injections into tumors in mice can reduce tumor growth and sensitize tumors to immunotherapy. Cancer immunotherapy, which uses the body’s immune system to destroy tumor cells, is particularly effective in tumors in an immune-infiltrated “hot”…
Pharmacies leave customers hanging when it comes to disposing of antibiotics and opioids
Fewer than half gave correct instructions for proper disposal, and just 10% have takeback programs
Study: Children who drank whole milk had lower risk of being overweight or obese
Review analyzing almost 21,000 children suggests children who drank whole milk were less likely to be overweight or obese
A fragile balance
Wind conditions influence water circulation and CO2 concentrations in the Southern Ocean
How do conifers survive droughts? Study points to existing roots, not new growth
Scientists can’t see underground, but computational models are providing a new way to investigate how root systems might be changing
Novel combination of antibodies leads to significant improvement in cancer immunotherapy
The simultaneous use of antibodies based on two differing mechanisms of action leads to a more effective destruction of tumors. This has been demonstrated by a study in animal models by medical oncologists and scientists at the University of Basel…
Long-dormant disease becomes most dominant foliar disease in New York onion crops
New York is the fifth largest producer of onion bulbs in the United States, producing over 110,000 metric tons from over 2,800 hectares. Most of these onions are grown on high organic matter soils, where foliar disease management is crucial…
Fin-to-limb transition in vertebrate evolution
A study uncovers fresh insights into the structural changes that enabled fins to give rise to limbs during vertebrate evolution. The transformation of fins into limbs is marked by the appearance of digits, an evolutionary milestone that paralleled the loss…
Harnessing hot carriers for high efficiency solar cells
Two-dimensional solar materials may offer a way to extract more energy from sunlight. By tuning the structure of a 2D perovskite solar material, researchers from KAUST and the Georgia Institute of Technology have shown they can prolong the lifetime of…
Scientists link La Niña climate cycle to increased diarrhea
A study in Botswana by Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health scientists finds that spikes in cases of life-threatening diarrhea in young children are associated with La Niña climate conditions. The findings published in the journal Nature Communications could…
Combining neurologic and blood pressure drugs reduces breast tumor development in mice
WASHINGTON — Adding a medication used to treat epilepsy, bipolar disorder and migraines to a blood pressure medicine reversed some aspects of breast cancer in the offspring of mice at high risk of the disease because of the high fat…
NASA sees Mauritius covered by Tropical Storm Calvinia
Tropical Cyclone Calvinia formed on Dec. 29 and by the next day, its clouds from a band of thunderstorms on its western side had blanketed the island of Mauritius in the Southern Indian Ocean. Calvinia’s center was just east of…
Replacing one gas with another helps efficiently extract methane from permafrost
Scientists from Skoltech and Heriot-Watt University proposed extracting methane by injecting flue gas into permafrost hydrate reservoirs. Since the flue gas contains carbon dioxide, the new technology will also contributes to reduction of this green house gas in the Arctic…
Phosphate for life’s origin in carbonate-rich lakes
Researchers report that carbonate-rich lakes are plausible sites for the origin of life because phosphate, an essential component of key biomolecules such as RNA and DNA, can be concentrated in such lakes to the high levels needed to form such…
First study to compare citrus varieties with combination of metabolomics and microbiome
Citrus greening disease, or Huanglongbing (HLB), is deadly, incurable, and the most significant threat to the citrus industry. Most HLB research focuses on the tree canopy, but scientists in California studied the impact of HLB on root systems. They recently…
Drivers of plant population growth
Based on comparisons of population growth rates for 208 terrestrial plant species at different levels of environmental factors from 207 published studies, researchers report that abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic factors have effects of similar magnitude on plant performance for both…
Findings strengthen link between vitamin E acetate and vaping-associated lung injuries
COLUMBUS, Ohio – New research reported in the New England Journal of Medicine by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in collaboration with The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard…
NASA tracks Tropical Storm Sarai moving away from Fiji
NASA’s Terra satellite passed over the Southern Pacific Ocean on Dec. 30 and found that Tropical Storm Sarai continued to move further away from Fiji and toward Tonga. On Dec. 30, 2019, the Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer or MODIS instrument that…
NUS and A*STAR scientists identify promising liver cancer-killing compounds with novel drug-screening platform
Scientists from the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (CSI Singapore) at the National University of Singapore, and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)’s Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS) have discovered four potential drug compounds that target hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer.
Proton therapy as effective as standard radiation with fewer side effects
Cancer patients who receive high-tech proton therapy experience similar cure rates and fewer serious side effects compared with those who undergo traditional X-ray radiation therapy, according to a study led by Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.
Closing of Second Antibiotic Company Highlights Urgent Need for Investment in Infection Fighting Drugs
The bankruptcy announced today by antibiotic maker Melinta once again highlights the daunting challenges facing research and development of new infection-fighting drugs. Melinta is the second antibiotic company this year forced into bankruptcy because it could not make a sufficient return on its investment in medicines that are urgently needed to protect individual and public health and national security. Melinta’s bankruptcy puts into jeopardy the continued availability of its four antibiotics — lifesaving tools that patients cannot afford to lose given our already limited antibiotic arsenal.
Researchers identify new therapeutic target for colorectal cancer
Researchers at the University of Toronto have identified a key protein that supports the growth of many colorectal cancers. The study, which will be published December 27 in the Journal of Cell Biology, reveals that a protein called Importin-11 transports the cancer-causing protein βcatenin into the nucleus of colon cancer cells, where it can drive cell proliferation. Inhibiting this transport step could block the growth of most colorectal cancers caused by elevated βcatenin levels.
Simplifying Microbial Consortia Opens a Path to Understanding Soil Community Ecology
New research demonstrates that microbial communities that are simplified but still representative may offer a way to explore more complex ones. In particular, they can help scientists uncover the mechanisms that drive the ecology of groups of soil microbes.
Droughts Spell Changes for Soil Microbes
Scientists predict a warming Earth will cause more droughts that are more severe in the grasslands of the central United States. This research found that soil drying affects the microbial community in several ways.
Predicting How Microbial Neighbors Influence Each Other
Researchers developed a new theoretical framework called minimal interspecies interaction adjustment (MIIA). It predicts how surrounding organisms and other factors drive changes in interactions in microbial communities.
NASA finds heavy rain potential in tropical storm Sarai
NASA analyzed the cloud top temperatures in Tropical Storm Sarai using infrared light to determine the strength of the storm. Sarai has triggered warnings for Fiji and Tonga in the Southern Pacific Ocean, On Dec. 27, there are regional warnings…
On nitroglycerin, cardiovascular homeostasis and…bam, migraine!
Besides the recognized migraine attack-provoking effect of nitroglycerin, a study reports an abnormal cardiovascular regulation to this compound in migraine patients
Which of these mushrooms could kill you? (video)
WASHINGTON, Dec. 27, 2019 — There are tens of thousands of mushroom species out there, and some of them could kill you. Today we’re going to test how well you can separate the perfectly safe from the perilously poisonous, and…
Evolution: Revelatory relationship
A new study of the ecology of an enigmatic group of novel unicellular organisms by scientists from Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich supports the idea hydrogen played an important role in the evolution of Eukaryota, the first nucleated cells. One of…
Children born preterm are more likely to be placed outside the home
Children born prematurely, i.e. before week 37, are more likely to be placed outside the home as a supportive child welfare measure than their full-term counterparts, according to a population study conducted by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare…
NASA finds an elongated Phanfone now a tropical storm
NASA-NOAA’s Suomi NPP satellite provided a visible image of Phanfone as it continues moving through the South China Sea. Visible imagery showed that the storm is less organized and elongated as the storm weakened from a typhoon to a tropical…
Targeting cholesterol metabolism in macrophages to eliminate viral infection
Recent evidence suggests a link between cholesterol metabolism and innate immunity. Upon viral infection, macrophages show reduced cholesterol synthesis accompanied by enhanced expression of antiviral genes, including type I interferon (IFN-I). IFN-I can induce 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) accumulation, which blocks viral…
MRI predict intelligence levels in children?
A group of researchers from the Skoltech Center for Computational and Data-Intensive Science and Engineering (CDISE) took 4th place in the international MRI-based adolescent intelligence prediction competition. For the first time ever, the Skoltech scientists used ensemble methods based on…
Severity of autism symptoms varies greatly among identical twins
Findings from NIH-funded study could inform treatment strategies
New insights into the earliest events of seed germination
Thiol redox switches regulate how plant seeds use their stored energy reserves / Study published in “PNAS”
Using deep learning to predict disease-associated mutations
HKU scientists develop a deep learning approach to predict disease-associated mutations of the metal-binding sites
Diet has rapid effects on sperm quality
Sperm are influenced by diet, and the effects arise rapidly. This is the conclusion of a study by researchers at Linköping University, in which healthy young men were fed a diet rich in sugar. The study, which has been published…
Progressive Gender Beliefs in Teen Boys May Be Protective Against Violence
Teenage boys who witness their peers abusing women and girls are much more likely to bully and fight with others, as well as behave abusively toward their dates, compared to teenage boys who don’t witness such behaviors, according to a new study.
Benjamin Monreal: Then and Now
Benjamin Monreal is the Agnar Pytte Associate Professor of Physics in the Department of Physics at Case Western Reserve University.
New direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications are highly effective in curing patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). But these drugs carry a risk of interactions with antiretroviral therapy (ART) used to control HIV. An update on management of drug in
New direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications are highly effective in curing patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). But these drugs carry a risk of interactions with antiretroviral therapy (ART) used to control HIV. An update on management of drug interactions in patients coinfected with HIV/HCV is presented in The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care (JANAC). The official journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, JANAC is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.
New direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications are highly effective in curing patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). But these drugs carry a risk of interactions with antiretroviral therapy (ART) used to control HIV. An update on management of drug in
New direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications are highly effective in curing patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). But these drugs carry a risk of interactions with antiretroviral therapy (ART) used to control HIV. An update on management of drug interactions in patients coinfected with HIV/HCV is presented in The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care (JANAC). The official journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, JANAC is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.
‘Nipple By Number’ Device Helps Plastic Surgeons Perform 3D Nipple Tattoos
Three-dimensional tattoos offer a new alternative for creating a natural-looking nipple after breast reconstruction. For most women, accessing this option means finding a tattoo artist with the skill to create these detailed tattoos. Now a new device called Nipple By Number® enables plastic surgeons to perform realistic-looking 3D nipple tattoos as an in-office procedure, reports a paper in the January issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery®, the official medical journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS).
New Study Reports Uplifting Technique for Bald Men’s Faces
Whether they choose the look, or genetics chooses it for them, some guys are embracing baldness. However, without a hairline, bald men who desire a facelift have a difficult time hiding their scars, which has always presented a challenge to plastic surgeons.
Combating the effects of gloomy weather
SAD, or seasonal affective disorder, is a type of depression that is related to changes in seasons. There are methods, like light therapy, that can help.
Yale Cancer Center launches Center for Community Engagement and Health Equity
Yale Cancer Center (YCC) announces the launch of the Center for Community Engagement and Health Equity (CEHE). Building on YCC’s longstanding commitment to high-quality, expert, and patient-centered cancer care, screening, and prevention across the state of Connecticut, the new Center is dedicated to ensuring cancer health equity and improving outcomes with an emphasis on traditionally underserved neighborhoods.
Proton Therapy Lowers Risk of Side Effects in Cancer Patients Compared to Traditional Radiation
Proton therapy leads to significantly lower risk of side effects severe enough to lead to unplanned hospitalizations for cancer patients when compared with traditional radiation, while cure rates between the two groups are almost identical
Brain Tumor Organoids May be Key to Time-sensitive Treatments for Glioblastomas
Lab-grown brain organoids developed from a patient’s own glioblastoma, the most aggressive and common form of brain cancer, may hold the answers on how to best treat it. A new study in Cell from researchers at Penn Medicine showed how glioblastoma organoids could serve as effective models to rapidly test personalized treatment strategies.
Intermittent Fasting: Live ‘Fast,’ Live longer?
Johns Hopkins Medicine neuroscientist Mark Mattson, Ph.D.,has a new article intended to help clarify the science and clinical applications of intermittent fasting in ways that may help physicians guide patients who want to try it. Original post https://alertarticles.info