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UrduADELPHI, Md. (Dec. 19, 2019) — This year has had its share of science and technology advances from Army researchers. The U.S. Army CCDC Army Research Laboratory, the Army’s corporate research laboratory, has the mission to discover, innovate and transition…
Rapid diagnostic tests accurately diagnose Chagas disease
Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is the neglected tropical disease with the highest burden in Latin America. Now, researchers report in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases that two commercially-available rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) can be combined for conclusive…
Research validates new control tactic for herbicide-resistant weeds in US soybean crops
WESTMINSTER, Colorado – December 19, 2019 – Australian growers have made significant inroads against herbicide-resistance weeds in recent years by focusing on harvest-time weed seed controls. One of the most popular strategies is the use of an impact mill that…
Scientists uncover world’s oldest forest
Fossils of trees dating back 386 million years found on the bottom of a New York quarry
New gene for male infertility discovered
Investigators describe the first cases of SYCP2-mediated male infertility in humans
Guidelines for clinicians to address youth vaping
BOSTON – In response to the pressing public health issue of vaping, clinicians of all disciplines are being asked to address this issue with youth, families and community members, despite minimal youth-focused screening or treatment guidelines. Physicians from Boston Medical…
Meta-analysis indicates that one-fifth of the world’s population exposed to Toxocara
Human toxocariasis — a neglected tropical disease found worldwide, can cause a range of allergic, neurological, cardiac, and other symptoms. However, it also goes unnoticed in many people who contract the infection. Now, researchers report in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases…
Modern trees emerged earlier than previously believed, new research reveals
Scientists discover 385-million-year-old forest
Acid reflux affects nearly a third of US adults weekly
LOS ANGELES (Dec. 19, 2019) — Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a digestive disorder that causes hearburn and other uncomfortable symptoms, may affect nearly a third of U.S. adults each week, and most of those who take certain popular medications for…
Novel 3D microscopy technique reveals new phenomena in living cells
Quantitative holo-tomographic microscopy poised to capture previously unseen or unexplained cell behavior, such as spinning nuclei
Fossil soils reveal emergence of modern forest ecology earlier than previously thought
While sifting through fossil soils in the Catskill region near Cairo, New York, researchers uncovered the extensive root system of 386-million-year old primitive trees. The fossils, located about 25 miles from the site previously believed to have the world’s oldest…
New algorithm suggests four-level food web for gut microbes
Novel modeling approach could help improve understanding of human gut function
Asteroid collisions trigger cascading formation of subfamilies, study concludes
Scientists have always thought about fission clusters as entirely distinct from collisional families. Now a study conducted by researchers affiliated with UNESP has shown that fission clusters may originate from collisional families in some cases
Fibroblasts involved in healing spur tumor growth in cancer
Vital to healing wounds, fibroblasts have a ‘misguided’ response to cancer cells, according to Tel Aviv University researchers
New classification system for tumors can guide diagnosis and treatment options for cancer
Based on the largest study of cancer patients of its kind, scientists have created a new way of classifying tumours. Clinicians can use genome sequencing to assign their patients’ tumours to one of sixteen groups in the new classification system,…
When it’s story time, animated books are better for learning
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University found that digital storybooks that animate upon a child’s vocalization offer beneficial learning opportunities, especially for children with less developed attention regulation. “Digital platforms have exploded in popularity, and a huge proportion of the top-selling…
Form of severe malnutrition linked to DNA modification
A group led by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine has identified significant differences at the epigenetic level – the chemical tags in DNA that help regulate gene expression – between two clinically distinct forms of acute childhood malnutrition known…
MAGIC system allows researchers to modulate the activity of genes acting in concert
Genomic research has unlocked the capability to edit the genomes of living cells; yet so far, the effects of such changes must be examined in isolation. In contrast, the complex traits that are of interest in both fundamental and applied…
Combining 2 rapid tests for the accurate diagnosis of Chagas disease in the field
This strategy would facilitate the diagnosis of chronically infected individuals in endemic regions with poorly equipped laboratories
Watching TV makes us prefer thinner women
The more TV we watch the more we prefer thinner female bodies, according to a new comprehensive study on body image. The researchers are calling on TV and advertising bosses to show people of all shapes and sizes in order…
ESO observations reveal black holes’ breakfast at the cosmic dawn
Astronomers using ESO’s Very Large Telescope have observed reservoirs of cool gas around some of the earliest galaxies in the Universe. These gas halos are the perfect food for supermassive black holes at the centre of these galaxies, which are…
Forecast to help shellfish growers weather toxicity
Deep learning algorithms can help the shellfish industry avoid disruptions caused by harmful algal blooms
Aarhus University opens the world’s first center for ear-EEG
Danish researchers are world leaders in brain measurement via a special device fitted in the ear like a hearing aid. The technology is called ear-EEG, and now Aarhus University has received a grant to ensure further development of the method
Mining metagenomics: A faster and more efficient method to compare metagenomes
Microbiomes can contain thousands of bacteria species, hinting at the complex ecosystem that houses the microbiome as well as the one contained within the microbiome. Yet, until now, researchers have been limited in the tools they have to precisely compare…
Improving efficiency, effectiveness of security X-ray technology
Researchers propose a spiral array of X-ray detectors to quickly identify contraband without the need for additional screening.
Augmenting attention treatment therapies for difficult-to-treat anxiety in children and adolescents
First study to show that anxiety could be decreased in youth who did not respond to earlier cognitive-behavior therapy
‘Inconsistent and misleading’ password meters could increase risk of cyber attacks
Password meters are frequently made available to help users secure their personal data against the threats posed by cyber criminals. However, the ‘inconsistent and misleading’ advice offered on some of the world’s most popular websites could actually be doing more…
When good plants go bad
Some native plants can behave as invasive species
Racial/ethnic differences in mortality for dialysis patients in US territories and states
Highlight In an analysis of patients treated with dialysis in the 5 U.S. territories and the 50 U.S. states between 1995 and 2012, the mortality rates were similar for Whites or Blacks, and higher for Hispanics and Asians in the…
Affordable Care Act led to improved treatment of colorectal cancer among young adults
Patients under 26 years had a shift to earlier stage; faster time to adjuvant chemotherapy
Study examines safety-net care for US patients on maintenance dialysis
Highlights This study identified the types of dialysis facilities in the United States that care for “safety-net reliant” dialysis patients–those who are uninsured or have only Medicaid coverage and do not qualify for Medicare. Although 73% of safety net-reliant patients…
Long work hours at the office linked to both regular and hidden high blood pressure
Hypertension Journal report
2019 seasonal influenza assessment
Currently dominating viruses point at possible heavy impact on the elderly and healthcare systems
Researchers directly measure ‘Cheerios effect’ forces for the first time
PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — There’s an interesting fluid dynamics phenomenon that happens every morning in millions of cereal bowls. When there are just a few bits of cereal left floating on top of the milk, they tend to cluster…
Honey, I shrunk Michelangelo’s David
There he is, standing upon his pedestal: David by Michelangelo. A world-?famous statue that nearly every child can recognise. But this David is just 1 millimeter tall, pedestal included, and is made not of marble like the 5.17-?meter original, but…
Artificial Intelligence can now predict long-term risks of heart attack and cardiac death
A new study in Cardiovascular Research finds that machine learning, the patterns and inferences computers use to learn to perform tasks, can predict the long-term risk of heart attack and cardiac death. Indeed, machine learning appears to be better at…
New archaeological discoveries reveal birch bark tar was used in medieval England
Scientists from the University of Bristol and the British Museum, in collaboration with Oxford Archaeology East and Canterbury Archaeological Trust, have, for the first time, identified the use of birch bark tar in medieval England – the use of which…
Hepatitis D: The mystery of the virus’ life cycle revealed
Professor Patrick Labonté’s team at the INRS reveals the key role of a cellular process in the development of the Hepatitis D virus
Pollution league tables for UK urban areas reveal the expected and unexpected
The Bedfordshire town of Luton has come bottom of a league table of predicted city-wide air pollution concentrations among UK cities, according to new analysis by the Universities of Birmingham and Lancaster. Although Luton’s air pollution emissions are about as…
Astronomers reveal new image of candy cane-shaped feature in the center of our galaxy
A team of astronomers has produced a new image of an arc-shaped object in the center of our Milky Way galaxy. The feature, which resembles a candy cane, is a magnetic structure that covers an enormous region of some 160…
How can healthcare achieve real technology driven transformation?
New Rochelle, NY, December 18, 2019–Real transformation in healthcare through the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, telecommunications, and other advanced technologies could provide significant improvements in healthcare quality, productivity, and access. The current status and future challenges and opportunities…
Biodiversity has substantially changed in one of the largest Mediterranean wetlands
The Camargue in southern France is widely recognised as one of the largest and most biodiverse wetlands in the Mediterranean region. Recent research has now shown that grasshoppers, crickets and locusts, comprising orthopterans, and also dragonflies and amphibians have severely…
New journal title Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine
New Rochelle, NY, December 18, 2019–The American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (AAFPRS) is pleased to announce that it has acquired JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery and has selected Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. as the new publisher of the…
Only 1 in 10 suicide prevention apps cover full guidelines, NTU Singapore study finds
Most (93 per cent) mobile apps for suicide prevention and depression management do not provide all the six suicide prevention strategies that are commonly recommended in international clinical guidelines, a study led by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) has…
Mechanical force as a new way of starting chemical reactions
Researchers have shown mechanical force can start chemical reactions, making them cheaper, more broadly applicable, and more environmentally friendly than conventional methods. Chemical reactions are most conventionally prompted by heating up the reaction mixtures. Within the last ten years, there…
Scientists link common immune cell to failure of checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer
The study published in JCI Insight suggests how to better predict which patients will respond to immunotherapy
Fossil expands ancient fish family tree
Second African lungfish found far south
Mathematical models provide a snapshot of the human gut microbial community
Microbial communities can be found everywhere – from lakes to the soil on the ground, they are omnipresent yet invisible to the naked eye. Within those environments there exist dynamic communities which fluctuate in response to environmental changes. One such…
Ultrashort x-ray technique will probe conditions found at the heart of planets
Combining powerful lasers and bright x-rays, Imperial and STFC researchers have demonstrated a technique that will allow new extreme experiments. The new technique would be able to use a single x-ray flash to capture information about extremely dense and hot…
Dutch research institutions and Elsevier reach framework agreement
Amsterdam, December 19, 2019 – The Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU), The Netherlands Federation of University Medical Centres (NFU), The Dutch Research Council (NWO), and the global information and analytics business Elsevier , have reached a framework agreement.…