Cryocoolers are ultracold refrigeration units used in surgery and drug development, semiconductor fabrication, and spacecraft. The regenerative heat exchanger, or regenerator, is a core component of cryocoolers. At temperatures below 10 kelvins, performance drops precipitously, with maximum regenerator loss of more than 50%. In Applied Physics Letters, researchers used superactivated carbon particles as an alternative regenerator material to increase cooling capability at temperatures as low as 4 kelvins.