Abstract
The centralized production facility operates with a nominal capacity of about 4 tons/day, producing hydrogen via PEM electrolysis, and storing hydrogen at 200 bar with a hydrogen compressor.
As the size of vehicle fleets and the cost of acquiring renewable energy through power purchase agreements vary, the hydrogen valley is examined from both a technical and an economic perspective, analyzing: the values of the levelized cost of hydrogen, the energy consumption, and the energy efficiency of the energy systems. Specifically, the levelized cost of hydrogen reached competitive values, close to 5 €/kg of hydrogen, under the most optimistic scenarios, with fleet conversions of more than 60 % and a power purchase agreement price lower than 150 €/MWh.
Then, the benefits of hydrogen rail transport in terms of emissions reduction and health from an economic standpoint are compared to conventional diesel trains and fully electric trains, saving respectively 3.2 ktons/year and 0.4 ktons/year of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions, and corresponding economic benefits of respectively 51 and 0.548 million euros.