Deep learning differentiates small renal masses on multiphase CT

Leesburg, VA, January 10, 2020–A deep learning method with a convolutional neural network (CNN) can support the evaluation of small solid renal masses in dynamic CT images with acceptable diagnostic performance, according to an article published ahead-of-print in the March issue of the

American Journal of Roentgenology

(AJR).

Between 2012 and 2016, researchers at Japan’s Okayama University studied 1807 image sets from 168 pathologically diagnosed small (? 4 cm) solid renal masses with four CT phases–unenhanced, corticomedullary, nephrogenic, and excretory–in 159 patients.

Masses were classified as malignant (n = 136) or benign (n = 32) using a 5-point scale, and this dataset was then randomly divided into five subsets.

As lead AJR author Takashi Tanaka explained, “four were used for augmentation and supervised training (48,832 images), and one was used for testing (281 images).”

Utilizing the Inception-v3 architecture CNN model, the AUC for malignancy and accuracy at optimal cutoff values of output data were evaluated in six different CNN models.

Finding no significant size difference between malignant and benign lesions, Tanaka’s team did find that the AUC value of the corticomedullary phase was higher than that of other phases (corticomedullary vs excretory, p = 0.022).

Additionally, the highest accuracy (88%) was achieved in the corticomedullary phase images.

Multivariate analysis revealed that the CNN model of corticomedullary phase was a significant predictor for malignancy, “compared with other CNN models, age, sex, and lesion size,” Tanaka concluded.

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Founded in 1900, the American Roentgen Ray Society (ARRS) is the first and oldest radiology society in the North America, dedicated to the advancement of medicine through the profession of radiology and its allied sciences. An international forum for progress since the discovery of the x-ray, ARRS maintains its mission of improving health through a community committed to advancing knowledge and skills with an annual scientific meeting, monthly publication of the peer-reviewed

American Journal of Roentgenology

(AJR), quarterly issues of InPractice magazine, AJR Live Webinars and Podcasts, topical symposia, print and online educational materials, as well as awarding scholarships via The Roentgen Fund®.