ORLANDO – November 6, 2021 – SWISS-APERO is the first randomized clinical trial comparing Amulet with the new generation Watchman FLX device in terms of residual left atrial appendage (LAA) patency after percutaneous LAA closure (LAAC) as evaluated by 45-day cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA). The study showed that the two devices achieve a similar rate of LAA occlusion at 45 days but through different mechanism. Furthermore, Amulet as compared with Watchman FLX was associated with higher procedural complications but similar clinical outcomes at 45-days.
Findings were reported today at TCT 2021, the 33rd annual scientific symposium of the Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF). TCT is the world’s premier educational meeting specializing in interventional cardiovascular medicine. The study was also published simultaneously in Circulation.
Percutaneous LAAC, by accomplishing a complete LAA sealing, excludes this cavity from the circulation in order to prevent thromboembolisms in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. As a consequence, the appraisal of residual LAA patency after LAAC is routinely implemented in clinical practice, typically by means of TEE. However, CCTA is more sensitive than TEE for the detection of incomplete LAA sealing and is being progressively implemented in practice. The Watchman 2.5 and the Amulet have been the two most frequently used devices for LAAC worldwide. In 2019, the second-generation Watchman FLX, was released with design iterations aimed at improving LAA sealing and facilitating implantation in complex LAA anatomies.
Between June 2018 and May 2021, 221 patients were randomly assigned to receive LAAC with an Amulet (n=111) or Watchman/FLX (n=110; this study arm included 25 patients with Watchman 2.5) device at eight centers in Europe. LAAC procedures were planned by a pre-procedural CCTA and guided by echocardiography with the aim of excluding LAA thrombus and confirming the suitability of LAA for both devices before device randomization. After successful LAAC, patients were followed at 45 days with both TEE and CCTA exams and with CCTA only at 13 months.
The primary endpoint of LAA patent appendage at 45 days by CTTA was 67.6% for Amulet compared to 70% for Watchman/FLX (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.80-1.16, p=0.713). Intradevice leaks were 44.8% for Amulet and 23% for Watchman/FLX (p=0.001) and mixed leaks were 3.8% for Amulet compared to 14% for Watchman/FLX (p=0.010). LAA patency at 45-day TEE was 13.7% for Amulet and 27.5% for Watchman/FLX (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27-0.91, p=0.020). In addition, no peridevice leaks (PDLs) greater than 5mm were found with either device. Multiple PDLs were found in 2.2% of those who received the Watchman compared to none with Amulet (or Watchman FLX).
Major procedure-related complications including major bleeding (BARC 3-5) and clinically relevant pericardial effusion were higher with Amulet (9.0%) compared to Watchman/FLX (2.7%; RR 3.30, 95% CI 0.93-11.68, p=0.047). Clinical outcomes at 45 days post procedure (including the composite of cardiovascular death, stroke or systemic embolism, and any bleeding) were similar between the two devices.
“In patients with high bleeding risk undergoing clinically indicated LAA closure, Amulet had similar residual LAA patency at 45-day cardiac computed tomography and lower peridevice leak rates at 45-day transesophageal echocardiography,” said Roberto Galea, MD, Research Associate and Consultant Interventional Cardiologist with Bern University Hospital in Bern, Switzerland. “Although both devices had similar clinical outcomes at 45 days, Amulet was associated with higher procedural complications. The clinical relevance of CCTA-detected LAA patency requires further investigation.”
The study was supported by local available funding and a research grant from Abbott. Dr. Galea had nothing to disclose.
