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UrduA new study shows that the inflammation caused by Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection gives the pathogen a two-fold advantage: by both creating an inhospitable environment for competing bacteria and providing nutrients that enable C. diff to thrive.
Tag: Inflammation
Immune System Killer Cells Controlled by Circadian Rhythms
Macrophages, the killer cells of the immune system, are controlled by circadian rhythms, a finding which may indicate that our ability to fight disease relies more heavily on daily circadian cycles than previously assumed.
Protecting lungs from ventilator-induced injury
An unfortunate truth about using mechanical ventilation to save lives is that the pressure can cause further lung damage. Scientists are working to boost a natural cellular process in pursuit of a therapy that could lower the chances for lung damage in patients on ventilators.
Breast Milk + Probiotics Reduces Inflammation Associated with Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preemies
Article title: Short chain fatty acid butyrate, a breast milk metabolite, enhances immature intestinal barrier function genes in response to inflammation in vitro and in vivo Authors: Yanan Gao, Brittany Davis, Weishu Zhu, Nan Zheng, Di Meng, W. Allan Walker From…
Neurologists test novel compound for lung and brain injury in severe COVID-19 patients
Neurologists are researching whether a novel immunomodulatory treatment, OP-101, can dampen lung and brain injury in hospitalized COVID-19 patients through a clinical trial at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth).
Researchers Explore How Exercise Influences Tendon Inflammation
Stephanie Dakin, PhD, BVetMed, from the University of Oxford in the U.K., studied the microscopic characteristics of tendons in people with exercise-related tendinopathy. Tendinopathy is a tendon disorder that causes pain, inflammation and limited function of the affected joint. Her research team found an increased number of blood vessels and cells—suggestive of inflammatory response—in the injured tendon samples when compared with healthy tissue.
Cancer treatment could be replicated for COVID-19
Beta-blockers could potentially be used to treat COVID-19, according to a new international study by Italian and Australian scientists.
Maltreatment tied to higher inflammation in girls
New research by a University of Georgia scientist reveals that girls who are maltreated show higher levels of inflammation at an early age than boys who are maltreated or children who have not experienced abuse.
Stopping lethal lung damage from the flu with a natural human protein
The raging lung inflammation that can contribute to death from the flu can be stopped in its tracks by a drug derived from a naturally occurring human protein, a new animal study suggests.
Blocking Immune System Pathway May Stop COVID-19 Infection, Prevent Severe Organ Damage
While the world waits eagerly for a safe and effective vaccine to prevent infections from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus behind the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers also are focusing on better understanding how SARS-CoV-2 attacks the body in the search for other means of stopping its devastating impact. The key to one possibility — blocking a protein that enables the virus to turn the immune system against healthy cells — has been identified in a recent study by a team of Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers.
Reproductive Hormone May Curb COVID-19 Inflammation, Prevent ‘Cytokine Storm’
Researchers have used “omics” data containing genetic profiles of drugs to identify the hormone oxytocin as a possible treatment for COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).
Kawasaki Disease Is Not a Homogenous Disease nor are its Triggers
Researchers at UC San Diego report that while Kawasaki disease occurs in clusters, the traits, and thus the triggers of the inflammatory disease vary among clusters.
High-fibre diet, low level inflammation: sidestepping the effects of radiation
Loved or hated, the humble oat could be the new superfood for cancer patients as international research shows a diet rich in fibre could significantly reduce radiation-induced gut inflammation.
Imaging agent developed at Washington University spotlights inflammation
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have created a new PET imaging agent that detects signs of inflammation. Such a tracer could aid diagnosis and study of diseases ranging from cardiovascular disease to cancer to COVID-19.
Inflammatory Protein Found to Protect against Metabolic, Gut Changes in Mice
Article title: Lipocalin 2 deficiency-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis evokes metabolic syndrome in aged mice Authors: Vishal Singh, Sarah Galla, Rachel M. Golonka, Andrew D. Patterson, Benoit Chassaing, Bina Joe, Matam Vijay-Kumar From the authors: “Overall, the current study demonstrates that…
Clear Link Between Heart Disease and COVID-19, But Long-Term Implications Unknown, Researchers Find in Review of Published Studies
In a prospectus review published this week in the Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Kirk U. Knowlton MD, from the Intermountain Healthcare Heart Institute in Salt Lake City, examined more than 100 published studies related to COVID-19 and its effects on the heart.
NYU Dentistry Receives $2.4 Million Grant to Study Low-Grade Inflammation in Aging
The National Institute on Aging has awarded a grant to researchers at New York University College of Dentistry to explore age-related, chronic low-grade inflammation and changes in the gut microbiome.
Three Women Scientists at Johns Hopkins Tapped to Join Exclusive Research Network
Three Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center scientists are among the first 45 members selected to join the 10x Genomics Visium Clinical Translational Research Network (CTRN), aimed at advancing translational research in some of the world’s leading health problems, including oncology, immuno-oncology, neuroscience, infectious disease, inflammation and fibrosis, and COVID-19.
“Reelin” In A New Treatment For Multiple Sclerosis
DALLAS – Aug. 12, 2020 – In an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), decreasing the amount of a protein made in the liver significantly protected against development of the disease’s characteristic symptoms and promoted recovery in symptomatic animals, UTSW scientists report.
Quieting the Storm
A team of researchers led by neuroscientists at Harvard Medical School has successfully used acupuncture to tame cytokine storm in mice with systemic inflammation.
Blood Test May Point to Patients at Higher Risk for COVID-19 Deterioration, Death
George Washington University researchers found five biomarkers associated with higher odds of clinical deterioration and death in COVID-19 patients. Published in Future Medicine, these findings will help physicians better predict outcomes for COVID-19 patients in the U.S.
New Study on Development of Parkinson’s Disease is ‘On the Nose’
Scientists suggest that the initial impact of environmental toxins inhaled through the nose may induce inflammation in the brain, triggering the production of Lewy bodies that can then be spread to other brain regions. However, the relationship linking olfactory dysfunction and Parkinson’s disease development remains unclear. New findings from a study add weight to this theory and identify a critical signaling molecule that may be key to the domino effect kicked off by nasal inflammation.
Supercharged bandages to revolutionise chronic wound treatment
World-first plasma-coated bandages with the power to attack infection and inflammation could revolutionise the treatment of chronic wounds such as pressure, diabetic or vascular ulcers that won’t heal on their own.
Developed by the University of South Australia, the novel coating comprises a special antioxidant which can be applied to any wound dressing to simultaneously reduce wound inflammation a¬¬nd break up infection to aid in wound repair.
Asthma Does Not Seem to Increase the Severity of COVID-19
Asthma does not appear to increase the risk for a person contracting COVID-19 or influence its severity, according to a team of Rutgers researchers.
Cancer Researchers Have a Head Start in Fight Against COVID-19
Researchers at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center have been actively engaged in the effort to develop treatments or other control strategies that can help communities worldwide to address the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Immune from Chronic Stress? Limit Inflammatory Signaling to Specific Brain Circuits
Chronic stress is associated with the pathogenesis of psychological disorders such as depression. A study is the first to identify the role of a neuronal receptor that straddles the intersection between social stress, inflammation, and anxiety in rodent models of stress. Findings suggest the possibility of developing better medications to treat the consequences of chronic stress by limiting inflammatory signaling not just generally, which may not be beneficial in the long run, but to specific brain circuits.
Cognitive behavior therapy tops other psychotherapies in reducing inflammation
A review of 56 randomized clinical trials finds that psychological and behavioral therapies may be effective non-drug treatments for reducing disease-causing inflammation in the body.
A satisfying romantic relationship may improve breast cancer survivors’ health
Breast cancer survivors in romantic relationships who feel happy and satisfied with their partners may be at lower risk for a host of health problems, new research suggests.
Compound in Red Wine, Grape Juice May Limit Inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis
Article title: Resveratrol restores intracellular transport in cystic fibrosis epithelial cells Authors: Binyu Lu, Deborah A. Corey, Thomas J. Kelley From the authors: “Though further studies are necessary, the ability of resveratrol to reverse [cystic fibrosis] cellular phenotypes in a manner not…
Exposure to ‘good bacteria’ during pregnancy buffers risk of autism-like syndrome in offspring
Inoculation with a beneficial microorganism during pregnancy fended off an autism-like syndrome in offspring, according to a new animal study. The paper is the latest to suggest that ‘good bacteria’ impacts the brain.
Montefiore and Einstein Test a New Drug Combination to Conquer COVID-19
Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine have begun the next stage of the Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial (ACTT), to evaluate treatment options for people hospitalized with severe COVID-19 infection. The new iteration of the trial, known as ACTT 2, is sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health.
Children Not Immune to Coronavirus; New Study from Pandemic Epicenter Describes Severe COVID-19 Response in Children
While most children infected with the novel coronavirus have mild symptoms, a subset requires hospitalization and a small number require intensive care. A new report from pediatric anesthesiologists, infectious disease specialists and pediatricians at the Children’s Hospital at Montefiore (CHAM) and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, describes the clinical characteristics and outcomes of children hospitalized with COVID-19, during the early days of the pandemic.
University of Miami Treats COVID-19 Patients with MSC Stem Cells
For COVID-19 patients in severe respiratory distress, the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine now offers access to mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatments that may help fight the characteristic inflammation that accompanies the viral infection. On April 5, the…
Higher Levels of NETs in Blood Associated with More Severe COVID-19
New study explores the connection between levels of a type of destructive white blood cell, known as a neutrophil, with the severity of COVID-19.
Scientists receive NIH grant to support study using THC as therapy for HIV patients suffering from inflammation
More than $3.7 million was awarded to Mahesh Mohan, DVM, MS, Ph.D., Professor at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, and Chioma M. Okeoma, Ph.D., Associate Professor at Stony Brook University, to explore the link between cannabinoids (THC) and chronic intestinal inflammation in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Could This Plaque Identifying Toothpaste Prevent a Heart Attack or Stroke?
For decades, researchers have suggested a link between oral health and inflammatory diseases affecting the entire body – in particular, heart attacks and strokes. Results of a randomized pilot trial of Plaque HD®, the first toothpaste that identifies plaque so that it can be removed with directed brushing, showed that it produced a statistically significant reduction in C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker for future risks of heart attacks and strokes, among those with elevations at baseline.
Drug-induced Cystitis May Increases Brain Inflammation, Causes Depression in Rats
Article title: Cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis results in NLRP3-mediated inflammation in the hippocampus and symptoms of depression in rats Authors: Nathan A. Hirshman, Francis M. Hughes Jr., Huixia Jin, William T. Harrison, Simon W. White, Isabelle Doan, Shelby N. Harper, Patrick D.…
VERSATILE BILE ACIDS
Could bile acids—the fat-dissolving juices churned out by the liver and gallbladder—also play a role in immunity and inflammation?
The answer appears to be yes, according to two separate Harvard Medical School studies published in Nature.
Researchers Find Common Measures of Immune Status, Inflammation Can Predict Mortality
News release about a new collaborative study led by Cleveland Clinic and University Hospitals finding that commonly used clinical indicators of immune status and inflammation can predict mortality in the general population.
Severe pregnancy-related depression may be rooted in inflammation
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. (Nov. 20, 2019) — A runaway, inflammatory immune response may be responsible for triggering severe depression during and after pregnancy, according to a new study published in the journal Brain, Behavior and Immunity.
Probing the role of an inflammation resolution sensor in obesity and heart failure
After heart attack, ALX/FPR2 is activated by resolvin D1 in immune cells in the spleen and at the heart attack site. This speeds resolution of the heart injury. Research with mice that completely lack ALX/FPR2 reveals more about the pathways this resolution sensor uses to target inflammation.
The gut may be the ticket to reducing chemo’s side effects
In a new study, scientists observed several simultaneous reactions in mice given a common chemotherapy drug: Their gut bacteria and tissue changed, their blood and brains showed signs of inflammation, and their behaviors suggested they were fatigued and cognitively impaired.
Breaking Research in AACC’s Clinical Chemistry Journal Debunks the Claim That Vitamin D and Fish Oil Supplements Reduce Inflammation
One of the many advertised benefits of vitamin D and fish oil supplements is that they reduce systemic inflammation, which in turn could help prevent certain chronic illnesses. However, a first-of-its-kind study published in AACC’s journal Clinical Chemistry has discovered that these two supplements do not actually reduce inflammation in healthy individuals, a finding that could help consumers make more informed choices about which supplements they decide to take.
Can Aspirin Decrease the Rate of Intracranial Aneurysm Growth?
Researchers investigated whether aspirin can aid in the prevention of intracranial aneurysm rupture by hindering aneurysm growth. In 146 patients harboring multiple intracranial aneurysms, the researchers found an association between aspirin use and a decreased rate of aneurysm growth.
Harvard Medical School Announces Media Fellows for Second Thematic Track of 2019
Harvard Medical School has selected the 2019 media fellows for the second of its two thematic tracks this year: Immunity and Inflammation: A friend, a foe (Nov. 4-8).
Blocking a Hormone’s Action in Immune Cells May Reduce Heart Disease Risk
Blocking the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)—a protein that helps maintain normal levels of salt and water in the body—in immune cells may help reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke by improving blood vessel health. The study will be presented today at the American Physiological Society (APS) Aldosterone and ENaC in Health and Disease: The Kidney and Beyond Conference in Estes Park, Colo.
The “Inflammation” of Opioid Use
New research correlates inflammation in the brain and gut to negative emotional state during opioid withdrawal
First-Of-Its Kind Research Examines the Relationship Between Asthma, Disease Control, and Depression
$3.4 Million Study to Understand Why Older Adults Have Worse Asthma Outcomes
Baking Soda Boosts Immunity, Impairs Insulin Response in Type 2 Diabetes
Researchers learn insulin response connected to alkaline load, not inflammation Charlottesville, Va. (June 24, 2019)—Early research suggests that the common pantry staple baking soda affects inflammation and insulin handling in type 2 diabetes. The findings will be presented today at…