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UrduIn previously unstudied gopher tortoise aggregations, researchers found that overall, 42.9 percent had circulating antibodies to an infectious bacterium that causes upper respiratory tract disease. Physical examination showed that 19.8 percent had clinical signs consistent with upper respiratory tract disease and 13.2 percent had some form of physical abnormality. None of the tortoises tested positive for Ranavirus or Herpesvirus, which represents important baseline data, since these viruses are thought to be emerging pathogens of other tortoise and turtle species.
Category: Research Results
University of Kentucky Study Suggests School Reopenings ‘Substantially’ Increased COVID-19 Spread in Texas
A new study by University of Kentucky researchers estimates the return to in-person learning in Texas last fall led to at least 43,000 additional COVID-19 cases and 800 deaths within the first two months.
Breeding a better chickpea
Genomics research helps develop high-yielding, drought tolerant lines of chickpea
Pandemic screen time tops 6 hours a day for some kindergartners
Kindergartners from low-income families spent more than six hours a day in front of screens during two early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, a small Ohio study suggests.
Low Potassium Levels Linked to Water Balance Disorder More Prevalent in Women
The kidneys become resistant to the water-balance hormone vasopressin within just a few days of potassium deficiency being detected in the blood, according to a new research article published in the America Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology.
LLNL-developed thin-film electrodes reveal key insight into human brain activity
Thin-film electrodes developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have been used in human patients at the University of California, San Francisco, generating never-before-seen recordings of brain activity in the hippocampus, a region responsible for memory and other cognitive functions.
NUS scientists create a new type of intelligent material
Researchers from the National University of Singapore have created a new class of intelligent materials. It has the structure of a two-dimensional (2D) material, but behaves like an electrolyte – and could be a new way to deliver drugs within the body.
Computer designs magnonic devices
Magnonic devices have the potential to revolutionize the electronics industry. Qi Wang, Andrii Chumak from University of Vienna and Philipp Pirro from TU Kaiserslautern have largely accelerated the design of more versatile magnonic devices via a feedback-based computational algorithm. Their “inverse-design” of magnonic devices has now been published in Nature Communications.
Water Clusters Control Zeolite Reactivity
Computational results clarify the role water plays in the reactivity of a widely used class of porous oxide catalysts.
Clingy Copper Ions Contribute to Catalyst Slowdown
PNNL scientists, working with researchers at Washington State University and Tsinghua University, discovered a mechanism behind the decline in performance of an advanced copper-based catalyst. The team’s findings, featured on the cover of the journal ACS Catalysis, could aid the design of catalysts that work better and last longer during the NOx conversion process.
Newly Published Comparison of Global Health Insurance Systems Demonstrates U.S. Weaknesses
A landmark work that details the strengths and weaknesses of the U.S. health insurance system, including how it lags behind those of other wealthy countries in measures that include mortality from both preventable and treatable causes, has been published.
Hidden within African diamonds, a billion-plus years of deep-earth history
Diamonds are sometimes described as messengers from the deep earth; scientists study them closely for insights into the otherwise inaccessible depths from which they come.
New mothers twice as likely to have post-natal depression in lockdown
Almost half (47.5%) of women with babies aged six months or younger met the threshold for postnatal depression during the first COVID-19 lockdown, more than double average rates for Europe before the pandemic (23%), finds a new study led by UCL researchers.
Study shows how our brains sync hearing with vision
Every high-school physics student learns that sound and light travel at very different speeds.
The Aqueduct of Constantinople: Managing the longest water channel of the ancient world
Aqueducts are very impressive examples of the art of construction in the Roman Empire. Even today, they still provide us with new insights into aesthetic, practical, and technical aspects of construction and use.
Pregnant Women Hospitalized for Covid-19 Infection Do Not Face Increased Risk of Death
Pregnant women who develop severe COVID-19 infections that require hospitalization for pneumonia and other complications may not be more likely to die from these infections than non-pregnant women. In fact, they may have significantly lower death rates than their non-pregnant counterparts.
This stinks: New research finds sense of smell and pneumonia linked
An acute loss of smell is one of the most common symptoms of COVID-19, but for two decades it has been linked to other maladies among them Parkinson’s disease and dementia. Now, a poor sense of smell may signify a higher risk of pneumonia in older adults, says a team of Michigan State University researchers.
Low temperature physics gives insight into turbulence
A novel technique for studying vortices in quantum fluids has been developed by Lancaster physicists.
Protecting local water has global benefits
A new paper in the May issue of Nature Communications demonstrates why keeping local lakes and other waterbodies clean produces cost-effective benefits locally and globally.
Lichens slow to return after wildfire
Lichen communities may take decades — and in some cases up to a century — to fully return to chaparral ecosystems after wildfire, finds a study from the University of California, Davis, and Stanford University.
Discovering candidate for reflex network of walking cats: Understanding animals with robots
A group of researchers from Osaka University developed a quadruped robot platform that can reproduce the neuromuscular dynamics of animals (Figure 1), discovering that a steady gait and experimental behaviors of walking cats emerged from the reflex circuit in walking experiments on this robot.
How to predict severe influenza in hospitalised patients
Published today in Nature Communications, the team from the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity (Doherty Institute), Alfred Health and Monash University sought to understand which patients would recover quickly from influenza and which would become severely ill.
Americans are increasingly experiencing chronic pain
This study comprehensively documents rising levels of chronic pain among Americans aged 25-84 to show that pain prevalence — already high at baseline — increased substantially from 2002-18, with increases evident in all leading pain sites (joint, back, neck, jaw, and migraine).
Study: Researchers use eel-like protein to control brain
Researchers successfully used a protein called parapinopsin to turn off brain circuits. This protein is found in lamprey – an ancient lineage of jawless fish similar to eel. Researchers said the ability to inhibit neurons could eventually lead to turning off mood disorders and unwanted behaviors like depression and addiction.
Covid-19 Alters Gray Matter Volume in the Brain, New Study Shows
Study led by researchers at Georgia State University and Georgia Institute of Technology finds lower gray matter volume in the northern region of the brain is associated with a higher level of disability among Covid-19 patients, even six months after hospital discharge.
Tanzanian farmers boost diets with sustainable methods
Diversity of children’s diets and food security improved for households after Tanzanian farmers learned about sustainable crop-growing methods, gender equity, nutrition and climate change from peer mentors.
Researchers find target to fight antibiotic resistance
New research from the University of Georgia suggests a component of bacteria’s cell walls may hold the key to crushing the antibiotic-resistant microbes.
How do you rate your medical care? Your answer might be affected by your insurance
For patients seen at a urology clinic, patient satisfaction scores vary by insurance status – with higher scores for patients on Medicare and commercial insurance, but lower scores for those on Medicaid, reports a study in Urology Practice®, an Official Journal of the American Urological Association (AUA). The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.
New Research Outlines a Critical Driver in an Immune Cell’s Defense against Melanoma
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have found critical new insights into how cells defend against melanoma. In a report published in Nature Communications, the team describes how an enzyme called nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, or NAMPT, initiates antitumor activity. The researchers suggest that new therapies strengthening this pathway in immune cells could be the foundation for more effective treatments against melanoma.
Successful DNA replication in cyanobacteria depends on the circadian clock
A new study from the University of Chicago has found that the photosynthetic bacterium Synechococcus elongatus uses a circadian clock to precisely time DNA replication, and that interrupting this circadian rhythm prevents replication from completing and leaves chromosomes unfinished overnight.
Moffitt Researchers Discover Regulatory Pathway That Blocks Immune Response Against Cancer
In a new article published in the journal Immunity, Moffitt Cancer Center researchers show that TIM-3 inhibits the STING signaling pathway in dendritic cells, thereby blocking their ability to elicit an immune response.
Now is the Time to Think about Reintroducing Jaguars into the U.S.
A group of scientists say now is the time to talk about reintroducing jaguars (Panthera onca) into the U.S.
Leading Scientists Say Evidence Should Shape Dietary Bioactive Guidance
New paper describes path for science-based dietary recommendations
Simulating sneezes and coughs to show how COVID-19 spreads
Two groups of researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have published papers on the droplets of liquid sprayed by coughs or sneezes and how far they can travel under different conditions. Both teams used Sandia’s decades of experience with advanced computer simulations studying how liquids and gases move for its nuclear stockpile stewardship mission.
Disparities persisted as orthopaedic visits shifted to telemedicine
Like other medical specialties at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, orthopaedic surgery rapidly pivoted from in-person visits to remote appointments via telemedicine. Analysis of that initial experience finds that some groups of patients faced persistent or worsening disparities as the shift to telemedicine occurred, reports Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® (CORR®), a publication of The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons®. The journal is published in the Lippincott portfolio by Wolters Kluwer.
Lasers, levitation and machine learning make better heat-resistant materials
Argonne scientists across several disciplines have combined forces to create a new process for testing and predicting the effects of high temperatures on refractory oxides.
Gout Treatment Success Doubled by Combining Two Drugs, Study Finds
If left untreated, gout can cause severe disability. But unlike rheumatoid arthritis, there are only a handful of ways to treat it. Researchers say a combination of two existing drugs disrupts antibody production and doubles treatment efficacy.
COVID-19 Wastewater Testing Proves Effective in New Study
Wastewater testing is an effective way to identify new cases of COVID-19 in nursing homes and other congregate living settings, and it may be particularly useful for preventing outbreaks in college dormitories, a new University of Virginia study finds.
Heme is not just for Impossible Burgers
It took an unlikely food innovation — earth-friendly vegetarian patties, made to taste and “bleed” like the familiar meaty ones — to make people aware of heme. But heme is an essential part of proteins found in most life forms, from tiny bacteria to soy plants to the human body. Heme plays a crucial role in supplying cells with the energy needed to carry out chemical reactions.
University of Miami Researchers Report COVID-19 Found in Penile Tissue Could Contribute to ED
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine researchers report the widespread blood vessel dysfunction, or endothelial dysfunction, that results from the COVID-19 infection could contribute to erectile dysfunction, or ED, according to a study published in the World Journal of Men’s Health .
Eco-energy without limits?
Even a sustainable circular economy doesn’t run without energy. Solar panels and wind farms, tidal and geothermal power plants: They all divert energy from energy fluxes that had remained untapped since time immemorial. The question is therefore: What part of these energy fluxes can mankind use for its own purposes without damaging the Earth’s energy system? Empa researchers have developed an approach to estimate this.
People living with HIV more likely to get sick with, die from COVID-19
Over the past year, studies have revealed that certain pre-existing conditions, such as cancer, diabetes and high blood pressure, can increase a person’s risk of dying from COVID-19.
People are persuaded by social media messages, not view numbers
People are more persuaded by the actual messages contained in social media posts than they are by how many others viewed the posts, a new study suggests.
New ancient shark discovered
In a new study, an international team led by Sebastian Stumpf from the University of Vienna describes a fossil skeleton of an ancient shark, which is assigned to a new, previously unknown genus and species. This rare fossil find comes from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation in England, a series of sedimentary rocks that was formed in a shallow, tropical-subtropical sea during the Upper Jurassic, about 150 million years ago. The fossil shark skeleton was found more than 20 years ago on the southern coast of England and is now held in the Etches Collection. Additional fossil shark specimens from it will be investigated in the years to come.
New study suggests pregnant women hospitalized for COVID-19 do not face increased risk of death
Pregnant women who are hospitalized with COVID-19 and viral pneumonia are less likely than non-pregnant women to die from these infections, according to a new study by researchers with The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) and the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM).
New Genetic ‘CopyCatchers’ Detect Efficient and Precise CRISPR Editing in a Living Organism
Scientists have developed a novel CRISPR-based genetic sensor called a “CopyCatcher” to detect instances in which a genetic element is copied precisely from one chromosome to another in cells of a fruit fly.
Early Screening Tool Leads to Earlier Diagnosis and Treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Chemotherapy can induce a painful peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a chronic condition and common adverse effect for cancer patients undergoing treatment. Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine, with colleagues elsewhere, have used a mouse model to demonstrate the pivotal role of cholesterol in CIPN, and proposed a novel therapeutic approach to reverse it.
How planets form controls elements essential for life
The prospects for life on a given planet depend not only on where it forms but also how, according to Rice University scientists.
HEPA过滤器可减少剧烈运动时产生的空气传播呼吸道微粒
呼吸气溶胶是呼吸气体的常见组成部分，也是COVID-19等呼吸道病毒传播给他人和各种表面的常见途径。在妙佑医疗国际(Mayo Clinic) 对心脏病患者进行运动负荷试验的研究人员发现，随着运动强度的增加，房间周围气溶胶的浓度也会增加。他们还发现，高效微粒空气过滤器(HEPA)可有效地过滤气溶胶，减少患者之间更换清新空气所需的时间。
Rapid lifestyle changes during early COVID-19 pandemic had no impact on climate change
Despite the rapid and significant changes in consumption patterns witnessed during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, Japanese households maintained their normal levels of greenhouse gases emissions.